Difference between revisions of "Aleksei Kruchenykh"

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Aleksei Eliseevich Kruchenykh; Kruchonykh; Kruchyonykh (Алексей Елисеевич Крученых). Born 1886, a well-known poet of the Russian "Silver Age", was perhaps the most radical poet of Russian Futurism, a movement that included [[Vladimir Mayakovsky]], [[David Burliuk]] and others. Together with [[Velimir Khlebnikov]], Kruchenykh is considered the inventor of [[zaum]]. Kruchenykh wrote the libretto for the Futurist opera ''Victory Over the Sun'', with sets provided by [[Kazimir Malevich]]. He married [[Olga Rozanova]], an avant-garde artist, in 1912. Died 1968.
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'''Aleksei Eliseevich Kruchenykh''' (also Kruchonykh, Kruchyonykh; Алексей Елисеевич Крученых; 1886-1968) was a well-known poet of the Russian "Silver Age", perhaps the most radical poet of [[Futurism#Russia|Russian Futurism]], a movement that included [[Vladimir Mayakovsky]], [[David Burliuk]] and others. Together with [[Velimir Khlebnikov]], Kruchenykh is considered the inventor of [[zaum]].  
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Kruchenykh was born to a peasant family in the Kherson province of Ukraine. After graduating from the Odessa School of Art in 1906, he studied painting independently and taught graphic art in secondary schools. When he moved to Moscow, Kruchenykh shifted from painting to poetry. In 1912, [[David Burliuk]] introduced him to [[Mayakovsky]] and [[Khlebnikov]], and his subsequent collaborations with poets and visual artists achieved a revolution in book art. The same year he married [[Olga Rozanova]], an avant-garde artist.  He wrote the libretto for the Futurist opera ''[[Victory Over the Sun]]'' (1913), with sets provided by [[Kazimir Malevich]]. During the Civil War, Kruchenykh worked in railway construction in the Caucasus and founded the Futurist society 41° in Tiflis (now Tbilisi). He joined [[Mayakovsky]]'s [[LEF]] in Moscow in 1923. After the Communist Party denounced Futurism in Soviet literature, Kruchenykh ceased writing zaum’ and became an archivist. He died in Moscow. [http://www.getty.edu/art/exhibitions/tango_with_cows/tango_brochure.pdf#page=3]
  
 
==Works==
 
==Works==
 
===Books===
 
===Books===
* with V., N. and D. Burliuk, Kamensky, Guro, Khlebnikov, et al., ''[http://elib.shpl.ru/ru/nodes/3203 Sadok sudey]'' [Садок Судей; Trap for Judges], St. Petersburg, 1910.
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* with V., N. and D. Burliuk, Kamensky, Guro, Khlebnikov, et al., ''[[Media:Sadok_sudey_1910.pdf|Sadok sudey]]'' [Садок Судей], St Petersburg: Zhuravl' [Журавль], [Apr 1910], 131 pp, [http://shpl.dlibrary.org/ru/nodes/3203 JPG], [http://archive.org/details/gri_000r33125008498954 IA], [http://ruslit.traumlibrary.net/page/futuristy-sadoksudey.html HTML]. {{ru}}
* with David Burliuk, Nikolai Burliuk, Wassily Kandinsky, Benedikt Livshits, Vladimir Mayakovsky, Victor Khlebnikov, ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=6040 Poshchechina obshchestvennomu vkusu. V zashchitu svobodnogo iskusstva. Stikhi, proza, stat’i]'' [Пощёчина общественному вкусу. В защиту свободного искусства: Стихи, проза, статьи; A Slap in the Face of Public Taste: In Defense of Free Art: Poems, Prose, Essays], Moscow: Georgy L. Kuzmin, 1912, 114 pp.  
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* with Mikhail Larionov, ''[http://archive.org/stream/gri_000r33125008662872#page/n0/mode/2up Starinnaia liubov]'', 1912.
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* with Velimir Khlebnikov, ''[http://archive.org/stream/gri_000r33125008637932#page/n0/mode/2up Igra v adu]'' [Игра в аду; A Game in Hell], illustr. Natalia Goncharova, Moscow: [Kuzmin & Dolinsky], Aug 1912; new ed., illustr. Olga Rozanova and Kazimir Malevich, late 1913.  
* with Velimir Khlebnikov, ''[http://archive.org/stream/gri_000r33125008637932#page/n0/mode/2up Igra v adu]'' [Игра в аду], Moscow, 1912.  
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* ''[http://archive.org/stream/gri_000r33125008662872#page/n0/mode/2up Starinnaya lyubov]'' [Старинная любовь; Old-Time Love], illustr. Mikhail Larionov, [Moscow]: [Kuzmin & Dolinsky], cAug 1912; new ed., illustr. Kruchenykh, Olga Rozanova and Nikolai Kulbin, 1913.
* with Velimir Khlebnikov, ''[http://archive.org/details/gri_000r33125012656720 Mirskontsa]'' [Мирсконца], [Moscow]: [Kuzmin & Dolinsky], 1912, 43 pp.
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* with Velimir Khlebnikov, ''[http://archive.org/details/gri_000r33125012656720 Mirskontsa]'' [Мирсконца; Worldbackwards], illustr. Mikhail Larionov, Natalia Goncharova, Vladimir Tatlin, and I. Rogovin, [Moscow]: [Kuzmin & Dolinsky], 1912, 43 pp.
* ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=6044 Pobeda nad solntsem]'' [Победа над Cолнцем], Moscow, Dec 1912, 28 pp[http://archive.org/details/gri_000r33125008638500]
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* with David Burliuk, Nikolai Burliuk, Wassily Kandinsky, Benedikt Livshits, Vladimir Mayakovsky, Victor Khlebnikov, ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=6040 Poshchechina obshchestvennomu vkusu. V zashchitu svobodnogo iskusstva. Stikhi, proza, stat’i]'' [Пощёчина общественному вкусу. В защиту свободного искусства: Стихи, проза, статьи; A Slap in the Face of Public Taste: In Defense of Free Art: Poems, Prose, Essays], Moscow: Georgy L. Kuzmin, Dec 1912, 114 pp.
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* ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=6044 Pobeda nad solntsem]'' [Победа над Cолнцем], Moscow, Dec 1912, 28 pp, [http://archive.org/details/gri_000r33125008638500 IA].
 
** [[Media:Kruchenykh_Alexei_Victory_Over_the_Sun.pdf|"Victory Over the Sun"]], trans. Ewa Bartos and Victoria Nes Kirby, ''The Drama Review'' 15:4 (Fall 1971), pp 106-124.
 
** [[Media:Kruchenykh_Alexei_Victory_Over_the_Sun.pdf|"Victory Over the Sun"]], trans. Ewa Bartos and Victoria Nes Kirby, ''The Drama Review'' 15:4 (Fall 1971), pp 106-124.
 
** ''[http://digi20.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/fs1/object/display/bsb00047419_00002.html Pobeda nad solncem, ein futuristisches Drama von A. Krucenych. Übersetzung und Kommentar (mit einem Nachdruck der Originalausgabe)]'', trans. & comm. Gisela Erbslöh, Munich: Sagner, 1976, 112 pp. {{de}}
 
** ''[http://digi20.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/fs1/object/display/bsb00047419_00002.html Pobeda nad solncem, ein futuristisches Drama von A. Krucenych. Übersetzung und Kommentar (mit einem Nachdruck der Originalausgabe)]'', trans. & comm. Gisela Erbslöh, Munich: Sagner, 1976, 112 pp. {{de}}
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* ''Poluzhivoi'' [Half Alive], illustr. Mikhail Larionov, [Moscow]: [Kuzmin & Dolinsky], early 1913.
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* ''Pustynniki'' [Hermits], [Moscow]: [Kuzmin & Dolinsky], early 1913.
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* ''Pomada'' [Pomade], [Moscow]: [Kuzmin & Dolinsky], Jan 1913.
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* ''[http://archive.org/stream/gri_000r33125008628808#page/n0/mode/2up Vozropshchem]'', 1913.  
 
* ''[http://archive.org/stream/gri_000r33125008628808#page/n0/mode/2up Vozropshchem]'', 1913.  
 
* ''[http://archive.org/stream/gri_000r33125008530178#page/n0/mode/2up Utinoe gniezdyshko durnykh slov]'' [Утиное гнездышко... дурных слов... ], St. Petersburg, 1913. [http://elib.shpl.ru/ru/nodes/3186]
 
* ''[http://archive.org/stream/gri_000r33125008530178#page/n0/mode/2up Utinoe gniezdyshko durnykh slov]'' [Утиное гнездышко... дурных слов... ], St. Petersburg, 1913. [http://elib.shpl.ru/ru/nodes/3186]
* ''[http://archive.org/stream/gri_000r33125008628873#page/n0/mode/2up Slovo kak takovoe]'', 1913.  
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* with Velimir Khlebnikov, ''[[Media:Kruchenykh_Khlebnikov_Slovo_kak_takovoe_1913.pdf|Slovo kak takovoe]]'' [Слово как таковое; The Word as Such], [Moscow]: [EUY], [1913], 15 pp, [http://archive.org/details/gri_000r33125008628873 IA]. {{ru}}
 
* with Velimir Khlebnikov, ''[http://archive.org/stream/gri_000r33125008662815#page/n1/mode/2up Bukh liesinnyi]'' [Бух лесинный], 1913. [http://leb.nlr.ru/edoc/399063/]
 
* with Velimir Khlebnikov, ''[http://archive.org/stream/gri_000r33125008662815#page/n1/mode/2up Bukh liesinnyi]'' [Бух лесинный], 1913. [http://leb.nlr.ru/edoc/399063/]
* ''[http://archive.org/stream/gri_000r33125008232890#page/n0/mode/2up Vzorvalʹ]'', 1913[http://archive.org/details/gri_000r33125008638328]
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* ''[http://archive.org/stream/gri_000r33125008232890#page/n0/mode/2up Vzorvalʹ]'', 1913, [http://archive.org/details/gri_000r33125008638328 IA (2)].
* ''[http://archive.org/stream/gri_000r33125010870794#page/n0/mode/2up Te li le]'', 1914. Poems, with illustrations by Olga Rozanova and Nikolai Kulbin.  
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* ''[http://archive.org/stream/gri_000r33125010870794#page/n0/mode/2up Te li le]'', illustr. Olga Rozanova and Nikolai Kulbin, 1914. Poems.  
* with Roman Jakobson (as Aliagrov), [[Media:Kruchenykh_Alexei_Jakobson_Roman_Transrational_Boog.pdf|''Zaumnaya gniga'']] [Transrational Boog], Moscow, 1916. A collection of zaum poetry, with illustrations by [[Olga Rozanova]]. [http://archive.org/details/gri_000r33125008663359]
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* with Roman Jakobson (as Aliagrov), [[Media:Kruchenykh_Alexei_Jakobson_Roman_Transrational_Boog.pdf|''Zaumnaya gniga'']] [Transrational Boog], illustr. Olga Rozanova, Moscow, 1916, [http://archive.org/details/gri_000r33125008663359 IA]. A collection of zaum poetry.
 
* ''[http://elib.shpl.ru/ru/nodes/3498 Sdvigologiya russkogo stikha]'' [Сдвигология русского стиха], Moscow, 1922, 46 pp. [http://imwerden.de/pdf/kruchenykh_deklaracii_1922-23.pdf]
 
* ''[http://elib.shpl.ru/ru/nodes/3498 Sdvigologiya russkogo stikha]'' [Сдвигология русского стиха], Moscow, 1922, 46 pp. [http://imwerden.de/pdf/kruchenykh_deklaracii_1922-23.pdf]
 
* ''[http://imwerden.de/pdf/kruchenykh_deklaracii_1922-23.pdf Faktura slova]'' [Фактура слова], Moscow, 1923, 21 pp.  
 
* ''[http://imwerden.de/pdf/kruchenykh_deklaracii_1922-23.pdf Faktura slova]'' [Фактура слова], Moscow, 1923, 21 pp.  
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* ''[http://elib.shpl.ru/ru/nodes/3501 Fonetika teatra]'' [Фонетика театра], Moscow, 1923.
 
* ''[http://elib.shpl.ru/ru/nodes/3501 Fonetika teatra]'' [Фонетика театра], Moscow, 1923.
 
* ''[http://imwerden.de/pdf/kruchenykh_lef_agitki_1925.pdf LEF agitki Mayakovskogo, Aseeva, Tretyakova]'' [ЛЕФ агитки Маяковского, Асеева, Третьякова], Moscow, 1925, 61 pp.  
 
* ''[http://imwerden.de/pdf/kruchenykh_lef_agitki_1925.pdf LEF agitki Mayakovskogo, Aseeva, Tretyakova]'' [ЛЕФ агитки Маяковского, Асеева, Третьякова], Moscow, 1925, 61 pp.  
* ''[http://imwerden.de/pdf/kruchenykh_na_borbu_s_chuliganstvom_1926.pdf Na borbu s chuliganstvom v literature]'' [На борьбу с хулиганством в литературе], Moscow, 1926, 32 pp.  
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* ''[[Media:Kruchenykh_Aleksei_Na_borbu_s_chuliganstvom_v_literature_1926.pdf|Na borbu s chuliganstvom v literature]]'' [На борьбу с хулиганством в литературе], Moscow, 1926, 32 pp, [http://imwerden.de/pdf/kruchenykh_na_borbu_s_chuliganstvom_1926.pdf PDF].  
 
* ''[http://elib.shpl.ru/ru/nodes/3504 Chetyre foneticheskikh romana]'' [Четыре фонетических романа], Moscow, 1927.
 
* ''[http://elib.shpl.ru/ru/nodes/3504 Chetyre foneticheskikh romana]'' [Четыре фонетических романа], Moscow, 1927.
 
* ''[http://maxima-library.org/knigi/genre/b/33419 15 let russkogo futurizma]'' [15 лет русского футуризма], Moscow, 1928.
 
* ''[http://maxima-library.org/knigi/genre/b/33419 15 let russkogo futurizma]'' [15 лет русского футуризма], Moscow, 1928.
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=== Collected writings===
 
=== Collected writings===
* ''[http://imwerden.de/pdf/kruchenykh_deklaracii_1922-23.pdf Kukish proshliakam: Faktura slova, Sdvigologiia russkogo stikha, Apokalipsis v russkoi literature]'' [Кукиш прошлякам], Moscow and Tallinn: Hylaea, 1992. (in Russian)
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* ''[http://imwerden.de/pdf/kruchenykh_deklaracii_1922-23.pdf Kukish proshliakam: Faktura slova, Sdvigologiia russkogo stikha, Apokalipsis v russkoi literature]'' [Кукиш прошлякам], Moscow and Tallinn: Hylaea, 1992. {{ru}}
 
* ''Our Arrival: From the History of Russian Futurism'', ed. Vasily Rakitin and Andrei Sarabianov, trans. Alan Myers, Moscow: RA, 1995, 191 pp.
 
* ''Our Arrival: From the History of Russian Futurism'', ed. Vasily Rakitin and Andrei Sarabianov, trans. Alan Myers, Moscow: RA, 1995, 191 pp.
* ''[http://imwerden.de/pdf/kruchenyh_stihi_poemy_romany_opera_2001.pdf Stikhotvorenya, poemy, romany, opera]'' [Стихотворения. Поэмы. Романы. Опера]'', St. Petersburg, 2001, 480 pp. (in Russian) [http://ruslit.traumlibrary.net/book/kruchenih-poems/kruchenih-poems.html]
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* ''[http://imwerden.de/pdf/kruchenyh_stihi_poemy_romany_opera_2001.pdf Stikhotvorenya, poemy, romany, opera]'' [Стихотворения. Поэмы. Романы. Опера]'', St. Petersburg, 2001, 480 pp. {{ru}} [http://ruslit.traumlibrary.net/book/kruchenih-poems/kruchenih-poems.html]
* with Igor Terentyev, Sergei Tretyakov, ''K istorii russkogo futurizma: vospominaniia i dokumenty'', Moscow: Hylaea, 2006. (in Russian)
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* with Igor Terentyev, Sergei Tretyakov, ''[[Media:Kruchenykh_Aleksei_K_istorii_russkogo_futurizma_2006.pdf|K istorii russkogo futurizma: vospominaniia i dokumenty]]'', Moscow: Hylaea, 2006, 457 pp. {{ru}}
  
 
==Literature==
 
==Literature==
 
* http://elib.shpl.ru/ru/nodes/3507-zhiv-kruchenyh-sb-st-m-izd-vserossiyskogo-soyuza-poetov-1925  
 
* http://elib.shpl.ru/ru/nodes/3507-zhiv-kruchenyh-sb-st-m-izd-vserossiyskogo-soyuza-poetov-1925  
 
* Vladimir Markov, ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=8044 Russian Futurism: A History]'', University of California Press, 1968, pp 41-48 (part of Hylaea), 126-132 (as cubo-futurist), 200-206, 334-350, 365-374, 428-429 (selected bibliography).
 
* Vladimir Markov, ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=8044 Russian Futurism: A History]'', University of California Press, 1968, pp 41-48 (part of Hylaea), 126-132 (as cubo-futurist), 200-206, 334-350, 365-374, 428-429 (selected bibliography).
* Rosmarie Ziegler (Розмари Циглер), [http://www.ka2.ru/nauka/ziegler_1.html "Поэтика  А.Е. Кручёных  поры  «41°».  Уровень  звука"], '' 'L’avanguardia a Tiflis' — Quaderni del Seminario di Iranistica, Uralo-Altaistica e Caucasologia dell’Università degli Studi di Venezia'' 13, Venice, 1982, pp 231-258. (in Russian)
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* Rosmarie Ziegler (Розмари Циглер), [http://www.ka2.ru/nauka/ziegler_1.html "Поэтика  А.Е. Кручёных  поры  «41°».  Уровень  звука"], '' 'L’avanguardia a Tiflis' — Quaderni del Seminario di Iranistica, Uralo-Altaistica e Caucasologia dell’Università degli Studi di Venezia'' 13, Venice, 1982, pp 231-258. {{ru}}
* Rosmarie Ziegler (Розмари Циглер), [http://www.ka2.ru/nauka/ziegler_2.html "Группа «41°»"], ''Russian Literature'' 8 (1985), pp 71-86. (in Russian)
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* Rosmarie Ziegler (Розмари Циглер), [http://www.ka2.ru/nauka/ziegler_2.html "Группа «41°»"], ''Russian Literature'' 8 (1985), pp 71-86. {{ru}}
* Gerald Janecek (Джералд Янечек), [http://www.ka2.ru/nauka/janacek_1.html "«Мирскóнца» у Хлебникова и у Кручёных"]. (in Russian)
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* Gerald Janecek (Джералд Янечек), [http://www.ka2.ru/nauka/janacek_1.html "«Мирскóнца» у Хлебникова и у Кручёных"]. {{ru}}
* Gerald Janecek (Джералд Янечек), [http://www.ka2.ru/nauka/janecek_2.html "Stikhotvorny triptikh A. Kruchenykh ''Dyr bul shchyl''"] [Стихотворный триптих А. Кручёных ''Дыр бул щыл''], in ''Problemy vechnykh tsennostey v russkoy kulture i literature XX veka'' [Проблемы вечных ценностей в русской культуре и литературе ХХ века], ed. V. Khazan. Grozny: Checheno-ingushsky gos. universitet im. L. N. Tolstogo, 1991, pp 35-42. (in Russian)
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* Gerald Janecek (Джералд Янечек), [http://www.ka2.ru/nauka/janecek_2.html "Stikhotvorny triptikh A. Kruchenykh ''Dyr bul shchyl''"] [Стихотворный триптих А. Кручёных ''Дыр бул щыл''], in ''Problemy vechnykh tsennostey v russkoy kulture i literature XX veka'' [Проблемы вечных ценностей в русской культуре и литературе ХХ века], ed. V. Khazan. Grozny: Checheno-ingushsky gos. universitet im. L. N. Tolstogo, 1991, pp 35-42. {{ru}}
 
* Gerald Janecek, "Aleksej Kručenych's Literary Theories" ''Russian Literature'' 39:1 (1996), Amsterdam, pp 1-12.
 
* Gerald Janecek, "Aleksej Kručenych's Literary Theories" ''Russian Literature'' 39:1 (1996), Amsterdam, pp 1-12.
* Gerald Janecek, ''[[Media:Janecek_Gerald_Zaum_The_Transrational_Poetry_of_Russian_Futurism.pdf|Zaum: The Transrational Poetry of Russian Futurism]]'', San Diego State University Press, 1996, 428 pp.
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* Gerald Janecek, ''Zaum: The Transrational Poetry of Russian Futurism'', San Diego State University Press, 1996, 428 pp.
* Tatyana Nikolskaya (Татьяна Никольская), ''[[Media:Nikolskaya_Tatyana_Fantasticheskiy_gorod_Russkaya_kulturnaya_zhizn_v_Tbilisi_1917-1921.pdf|Fantasticheskiy gorod. Russkaya kulturnaya zhizn' v Tbilisi (1917-1921)]]'' [Фантастический город. Русская культурная жизнь в Тбилиси (1917-1921)], Moscow: Pyataya strana, 2000. (in Russian)
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* Tatyana Nikolskaya (Татьяна Никольская), ''[[Media:Nikolskaya_Tatyana_Fantasticheskiy_gorod_Russkaya_kulturnaya_zhizn_v_Tbilisi_1917-1921.pdf|Fantasticheskiy gorod. Russkaya kulturnaya zhizn' v Tbilisi (1917-1921)]]'' [Фантастический город. Русская культурная жизнь в Тбилиси (1917-1921)], Moscow: Pyataya strana, 2000. {{ru}}
 
* Gerald Janecek, [http://www.moma.org/interactives/exhibitions/2002/russian/5_pdfs/janecek.pdf "Kruchenykh contra Gutenberg"], in ''The Russian Avant-Garde Book 1910-1934'', New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 2002, pp 41-49.
 
* Gerald Janecek, [http://www.moma.org/interactives/exhibitions/2002/russian/5_pdfs/janecek.pdf "Kruchenykh contra Gutenberg"], in ''The Russian Avant-Garde Book 1910-1934'', New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 2002, pp 41-49.
 
* Craig Dworkin, [[Media:Dworkin_Craig_2004_To_Destroy_Language.pdf|"To Destroy Language"]], ''Textual Practice'' 18:2 (2004), pp 185-197.
 
* Craig Dworkin, [[Media:Dworkin_Craig_2004_To_Destroy_Language.pdf|"To Destroy Language"]], ''Textual Practice'' 18:2 (2004), pp 185-197.
* Корнелия Ичин, "Вопрос фактуры: Взорваль Крученых", ''Russian Literature'' 65:1-3 (January-April 2009), pp 281-229. (in Russian) [http://discover.tudelft.nl:8888/recordview/view?recordId=Elsevier:elsevier:CXT0304A:03043479:00650001:0900009X]
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* Корнелия Ичин, "Вопрос фактуры: Взорваль Крученых", ''Russian Literature'' 65:1-3 (January-April 2009), pp 281-229. {{ru}} [http://discover.tudelft.nl:8888/recordview/view?recordId=Elsevier:elsevier:CXT0304A:03043479:00650001:0900009X]
* Nancy Perloff, [https://www.getty.edu/research/publications/grj/grj5/09_perloff_enhanced.pdf "''Mirskontsa'' (Worldbackwards): Collaborative Book Art and Transnational Sounds"], ''Getty Research Journal'' 5 (2013), pp 101-118. {{en}}
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* Nancy Perloff, [http://www.getty.edu/research/publications/grj/grj5/09_perloff_enhanced.pdf "''Mirskontsa'' (Worldbackwards): Collaborative Book Art and Transnational Sounds"], ''Getty Research Journal'' 5 (2013), pp 101-118. {{en}}
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* Sara Pankenier Weld, "Infant Word: Aleksei Kruchenykh, Children’s Language, and Cubo-Futurist Poetics", ch 2 in Weld, ''[http://gen.lib.rus.ec/book/index.php?md5=D3ADC0161A328EB1B6C74E2B7A5BCBD3 Voiceless Vanguard: The Infantilist Aesthetic of the Russian Avant-Garde]'', Northwestern University Press, 2014, pp 62-102. [http://muse.jhu.edu/books/9780810167728] {{en}}
 
* http://avantgarde.narod.ru/beitraege/ff/fk_visu.htm
 
* http://avantgarde.narod.ru/beitraege/ff/fk_visu.htm
  

Revision as of 09:39, 14 August 2019

Aleksei Eliseevich Kruchenykh (also Kruchonykh, Kruchyonykh; Алексей Елисеевич Крученых; 1886-1968) was a well-known poet of the Russian "Silver Age", perhaps the most radical poet of Russian Futurism, a movement that included Vladimir Mayakovsky, David Burliuk and others. Together with Velimir Khlebnikov, Kruchenykh is considered the inventor of zaum.

Kruchenykh was born to a peasant family in the Kherson province of Ukraine. After graduating from the Odessa School of Art in 1906, he studied painting independently and taught graphic art in secondary schools. When he moved to Moscow, Kruchenykh shifted from painting to poetry. In 1912, David Burliuk introduced him to Mayakovsky and Khlebnikov, and his subsequent collaborations with poets and visual artists achieved a revolution in book art. The same year he married Olga Rozanova, an avant-garde artist. He wrote the libretto for the Futurist opera Victory Over the Sun (1913), with sets provided by Kazimir Malevich. During the Civil War, Kruchenykh worked in railway construction in the Caucasus and founded the Futurist society 41° in Tiflis (now Tbilisi). He joined Mayakovsky's LEF in Moscow in 1923. After the Communist Party denounced Futurism in Soviet literature, Kruchenykh ceased writing zaum’ and became an archivist. He died in Moscow. [1]

Works

Books

  • with V., N. and D. Burliuk, Kamensky, Guro, Khlebnikov, et al., Sadok sudey [Садок Судей], St Petersburg: Zhuravl' [Журавль], [Apr 1910], 131 pp, JPG, IA, HTML. (Russian)
  • with Velimir Khlebnikov, Igra v adu [Игра в аду; A Game in Hell], illustr. Natalia Goncharova, Moscow: [Kuzmin & Dolinsky], Aug 1912; new ed., illustr. Olga Rozanova and Kazimir Malevich, late 1913.
  • Starinnaya lyubov [Старинная любовь; Old-Time Love], illustr. Mikhail Larionov, [Moscow]: [Kuzmin & Dolinsky], cAug 1912; new ed., illustr. Kruchenykh, Olga Rozanova and Nikolai Kulbin, 1913.
  • with Velimir Khlebnikov, Mirskontsa [Мирсконца; Worldbackwards], illustr. Mikhail Larionov, Natalia Goncharova, Vladimir Tatlin, and I. Rogovin, [Moscow]: [Kuzmin & Dolinsky], 1912, 43 pp.
  • with David Burliuk, Nikolai Burliuk, Wassily Kandinsky, Benedikt Livshits, Vladimir Mayakovsky, Victor Khlebnikov, Poshchechina obshchestvennomu vkusu. V zashchitu svobodnogo iskusstva. Stikhi, proza, stat’i [Пощёчина общественному вкусу. В защиту свободного искусства: Стихи, проза, статьи; A Slap in the Face of Public Taste: In Defense of Free Art: Poems, Prose, Essays], Moscow: Georgy L. Kuzmin, Dec 1912, 114 pp.
  • Poluzhivoi [Half Alive], illustr. Mikhail Larionov, [Moscow]: [Kuzmin & Dolinsky], early 1913.
  • Pustynniki [Hermits], [Moscow]: [Kuzmin & Dolinsky], early 1913.
  • Pomada [Pomade], [Moscow]: [Kuzmin & Dolinsky], Jan 1913.
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Collected writings

Literature

See also

Links