Difference between revisions of "Andy Warhol"

From Monoskop
Jump to navigation Jump to search
(35 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
[[File:Stein warhol1.jpg|thumb|258px|Andy Warhol, photographed by [[Harvey Stein]]]]
+
{{Infobox artist
[[File:Andy_Warhol_with_a_Giant_Sunflower,_1981.jpg|thumb|258px|Andy Warhol, photographed by Steve Wood, 1981]]
+
|image = Andy_Warhol_with_a_Giant_Sunflower,_1981.jpg
'''Andy Warhol''' (August 6, 1928 – February 22, 1987) was an American artist, father of pop art mouvement. After a successful career as a commercial illustrator, Warhol became a renowned and sometimes controversial artist. Warhol's art encompassed many forms of media, including hand drawing, painting, printmaking, photography, silk screening, sculpture, film, and music. He founded ''Interview Magazine'' in 1969. The magazine features intimate conversations between some of the world's biggest celebrities, artists, musicians, and creative thinkers. Warhol also made computer-generated art using Amiga computers that were introduced in 1984.  
+
|imagesize = 250px
 +
|caption = Warhol, photographed by Steve Wood, 1981.
 +
|birth_date = {{birth date|1928|8|6|mf=y}}
 +
|birth_place = Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
 +
|death_date = {{Death date and age|1987|2|22|1928|8|6|mf=y}}
 +
|death_place = New York City, New York, US
 +
|web = [[UbuWeb::http://www.ubu.com/film/warhol.html|UbuWeb Film]], [[UbuWeb::http://ubu.com/sound/warhol.html|UbuWeb Sound]], [[Aaaaarg::http://aaaaarg.fail/maker/53d89f50334fe04b3ea2398b|Aaaaarg]], [[Wikipedia::http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andy_Warhol|Wikipedia]]
 +
}}
 +
'''Andy Warhol''' (born Andrew Warhola; 1928–1987) was an American artist, director and producer who was a leading figure in pop art.
  
==Works==
+
==Films==
; Polaroid portraits
+
Beginning with the 5-hour-and-21-minute ''Sleep'' (1963), Warhol made hundreds of films between 1963 and 1968. Following his near-fatal shooting by Valerie Solanas, Warhol shifted into the role of producer with ''Flesh'' (1968–1969), directed by his associate, Paul Morrissey. Generally speaking, Warhol’s films interrogate cinematic conventions. For instance, instead of the shot or frame, Warhol used the film roll (whose length was determined by Kodak) as the basic unit of his cinema. He also projected his early films without sound as well as the silent ''Screen Tests'' (1964–1966) at 16 fps, a slower speed than the standard 24 fps. Warhol’s films can be broken down into several different phases or periods, including works created with different collaborators. His early films, such as ''Sleep, Eat'' (1964), ''Blow Job'' (1964), and ''Empire'' (1964), are notorious for being excessively “minimal.” He later switched to shooting in synchronous sound, first using scenarios written by playwright Ronald Tavel, and then later with the involvement of Chuck Wein and Paul Morrissey. Warhol also made sound portraits (including biopics), including 472 cinematic portraits or ''Screen Tests''. These were short, 100-foot long film portraits of artists, celebrities, and ordinary people who gravitated to his infamous art studio known as the Factory. Warhol’s “middle period” experimented with expanded cinema and utilizing multiple screens. Warhol called these multimedia events “the Exploding Plastic Inevitable,” which involved films, dancing, light shows, theater, and music by the Velvet Underground. This period culminated in the release of Warhol’s most commercially successful film, ''The Chelsea Girls'' (1966), which became the epic of the underground cinema. In 1967, Warhol began making sexploitation films at the bequest of the owner of the Hudson Theater in Midtown Manhattan, where his earlier ''My Hustler'' (1965) had been a box office success. Many of Warhol’s films, most notably ''Lonesome Cowboys'' (1967–1968) and ''Blue Movie'' (1968), ran into censorship problems. Warhol also worked in video and television. [http://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/view/document/obo-9780199791286/obo-9780199791286-0158.xml]
<gallery>
 
File:Andy Warhol Unseen Polaroids from 1970's - 1980's (1).jpg|''Caroline, Princess of Monaco'', 1983
 
File:Andy Warhol Unseen Polaroids from 1970's - 1980's (2).jpg|''Unidentified girl (Blue t-shirt with Teddy Bear)'', 9/1979
 
File:Awesome Mick Jagger Polaroid Portraits by Andy Warhol.jpg|''Mick Jagger'', Polaroid Portrait
 
File:Celebrity Portraits taken by Andy Warhol with his Polaroid Camera (2).jpg|''Debbie Harry'', 1980
 
File:Celebrity Portraits taken by Andy Warhol with his Polaroid Camera (3).jpg|''Diana Ross'', 1981
 
File:Celebrity Portraits taken by Andy Warhol with his Polaroid Camera (5).jpg|''Dolly Parton'', 1985
 
File:Celebrity Portraits taken by Andy Warhol with his Polaroid Camera (12).jpg|''[[Keith Haring]]'', 1986
 
File:Celebrity Portraits taken by Andy Warhol with his Polaroid Camera (19).jpg|''Arnold Schwarzenegger'', 1977
 
File:Celebrity Portraits taken by Andy Warhol with his Polaroid Camera (21).jpg|''John Lennon'', 1971
 
File:Celebrity Portraits taken by Andy Warhol with his Polaroid Camera (22).jpg|''Tatum O'Neal'', 1986
 
File:Celebrity Portraits taken by Andy Warhol with his Polaroid Camera (25).jpg|''[[Yoko Ono]]'', 1971
 
File:Andy Warhol - Self-Portrait in Drag, 1981 (2).jpg|''Andy Warhol - Self-Portrait in Drag'', 1981
 
File:Andy Warhol - Self-Portrait in Drag, 1981 (3).jpg|''Andy Warhol - Self-Portrait in Drag'', 1981
 
File:Andy Warhol - Self-Portrait in Drag, 1981 (4).jpg|''Andy Warhol - Self-Portrait in Drag'', 1981
 
File:Warhol10a.jpg|Clockwise from top left: Sean Lennon, [[Truman Capote]], Evelyn Kuhn, William Burroughs, Martha Graham, Jimmy Carter. Photographs: Founding Collection, The Andy Warhol Museum, Pittsburgh © 2008
 
</gallery>
 
  
; Drawings for Kurt Benirschke, ''Vanishing animals'', 1986
+
===Filmography===
<gallery>
+
Warhol made over 100 movies between 1963 and the late 1970s.
File:Gazelle.JPG|''Gazelle''
+
* [https://vimeo.com/4880378 ''Sleep''], with John Giorno, 1963
File:Horse.JPG|''Mongolian horse''
 
</gallery>
 
  
==Films==
 
Andy Warhol made over 100 movies, short or long, from 1963 to late 1970s, mostly silent experimental films.
 
* ''Sleep'', with John Giorno, 1963
 
 
* ''Kiss'', 1963
 
* ''Kiss'', 1963
* ''Screen Tests'', features artists such as [[Marcel Duchamp]], Bob Dylan, Salvador Dali, Dennis Hopper, and others, 1964
+
 
 +
* [https://vimeo.com/13640404 ''Screen Tests''], 1964. Features [[Marcel Duchamp]], Bob Dylan, Salvador Dali, Dennis Hopper, and others.
 +
 
 
* ''Eat'', with Robert Indiana, 1964
 
* ''Eat'', with Robert Indiana, 1964
  
==Legacy==
+
[http://www.ubu.com/film/warhol.html Films about Warhol on UbuWeb].
The [http://www.warhol.org/ ''Andy Warhol Museum''] in his native city, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, holds an extensive permanent collection of art and archives. It is the largest museum in the United States dedicated to a single artist.
+
 
 +
==Publications==
 +
* with Gerard Malanga, ''[https://monoskop.org/log/?p=6766 Screen Tests]'', New York: Kulchur, 1967, 115 pp.
 +
 
 +
* ''[http://gen.lib.rus.ec/book/index.php?md5=27BB358D7F0F20220EAE09F7764D7049 The Philosophy of Andy Warhol (From A to B & Back Again)]'', written by Pat Hackett and Bob Colacello, New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1975.
 +
** ''[http://gen.lib.rus.ec/book/index.php?md5=63E5ACFE8D16B3BBBBCE8465A312A935 Filosofiya Endi Uorkhola]'' [Философия Энди Уорхола], Apolon, 2002. {{ru}}
 +
 
 +
* with Pat Hackett, ''[[Media:Warhol Andy Hackett Pat POPism The Warhol 60s 1980.pdf|POPism: The Warhol '60s]]'', New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1980, 310 pp; repr. as ''[http://gen.lib.rus.ec/book/index.php?md5=344547E9DD979328505F00878F309A6A Popism: The Warhol Sixties]'', Penguin, 2009. Memoir.
 +
** ''[http://gen.lib.rus.ec/book/index.php?md5=FDF982FCD29A4797666D44B6540BE1B1 POPizam. Warholove šezdesete]'', trans. Josip Preveo, Zagreb: Studeni, 2009. {{cr}}
 +
 
 +
* ''[http://gen.lib.rus.ec/book/index.php?md5=EF44C21C8487E87CBF406E2EDF9ACFFD The Andy Warhol Diaries]'', ed. Pat Hackett, Grand Central Publishing, 1991.
 +
** ''[http://gen.lib.rus.ec/book/index.php?md5=CAAB5B62FCE06A2225B4543CE21ADD44 Diarios de Andy Warhol]'', L&PM Pocket, 2011. {{pt}}
 +
 
 +
==Interviews==
 +
* ''[http://library.memoryoftheworld.org/#/book/a473d14e-271c-44d3-a940-981021030f25 I'll Be Your Mirror: The Selected Andy Warhol Interviews]'', ed. Kenneth Goldsmith, New York: Carroll & Graf, 2004.
 +
** ''Interviews mit Andy Warhol'', intro. Klaus Theweleit, trans. Susanne Höbel, Kippenheim: Liebig, 2005, 381 pp. {{de}}
 +
** ''Entretiens: 1962-1987'', trans. Alain Cueff, Paris: Bernard Grasset, 2006, 405 pp. {{fr}}
 +
** ''Będę twoim lustrem: wywiady z Warholem'', trans. Marcin Zawada, Warsaw: Twój Styl, 2006, 391 pp. {{pl}}
 +
** ''Wo jiang shi ni de jing zi: An diWo huo er fang tan jing xuan'', Beijing: San lian shu dian, 2007, 463 pp. {{cn}}
 +
** ''Entrevistas: 1962-1987: treinta y siete entrevistas con el maestro del pop'', intro. Reva Wolf, afterw. Wayne Koestenbaum, trans. Ferran Esteve, Barcelona: Blackie Books, 2010, 559 pp. {{es}}
  
 
==Literature==
 
==Literature==
; Books by Warhol
+
* Peter Gidal, ''[https://monoskop.org/log/?p=20512 Andy Warhol: Films and Paintings]'', London: Studio Vista, 1971, 160 pp; new ed., 1991.
* ''The Philosophy of Andy Warhol (From A to B & Back Again)'', written by Pat Hackett and Bob Colacello, New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1975
+
* David Bourdon, ''Warhol'', New York: Abrams, 1989.
* with Pat Hackett, ''Popism: The Warhol Sixties'', New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich'', 1980
+
* Victor Bockris, ''[http://gen.lib.rus.ec/book/index.php?md5=7F0D3233CE1F1E4E84177D57CB6B92FF The Life and Death of Andy Warhol]'', New York: Bantam Books, 1989.
* with Pat Hackett, ''The Andy Warhol Diaries'', Grand Central Publishing, 1991
+
* Klaus Honnef, ''[http://gen.lib.rus.ec/book/index.php?md5=B3033DAE4DD380D5CA6568125CBADFF1 Andy Warhol, 1928-1987: Commerce Into Art]'', Taschen, 2000.
 
+
* Annette Michelson (ed.), ''[http://gen.lib.rus.ec/book/index.php?md5=020CFC598C0CBC29E1230432FBEA36B4 Andy Warhol]'', MIT Press, 2001.
; Books on Warhol
+
* Wayne Koestenbaum, ''Andy Warhol'', New York: Viking, 2001.
* Victor Bockris, ''The Life and Death of Andy Warhol'', New York: Bantam Books, 1989
+
* Linda Bolton, [[Media:Bolton_Linda_Andy_Warhol_2002.pdf|''Andy Warhol'']], London: Franklin Watts, 2002, [http://gen.lib.rus.ec/book/index.php?md5=49F5FF8D61739DF33079D7BE5B5A81B5 PDF], [http://aaaaarg.fail/static/reader.htm?0=2260d71b02f8749da7577ea60908a060-0 ARG].
* Klaus Honnef, ''Andy Warhol, 1928-1987: Commerce Into Art'', Taschen, 2000
+
* Steven Watson, ''Factory Made: Warhol and the Sixties'', New York: Pantheon, 2003.
* Annette Michelson (ed.), [[Media:Annette_Michelson_Andy_Warhol_(October_Files)_2001.pdf|''Andy Warhol'']], The MIT Press, 2001. With essays by [[Benjamin Buchloh|Benjamin H.D. Buchloh]], [[Thomas Crow]], [[Hal Foster]], [[Annette Michelson]] and [[Rosalind Krauss|Rosalind E. Krauss]],  
+
* Arthur C. Danto, ''Andy Warhol'', Yale University Press, 2009.
 +
* Tony Scherman, David Dalton, ''Pop: The Genius of Andy Warhol'', New York: Harper, 2009.
 +
* Gary Indiana, ''[http://gen.lib.rus.ec/book/index.php?md5=9627179234469A4CC8DAE5A7A360FE25 Andy Warhol and the Can that Sold the World]'', New York: Basic Books, 2010.
 +
* Douglas Crimp, ''[http://library.memoryoftheworld.org/#/book/7b9032ba-1ccc-40be-b03d-64df992df476 "Our Kind of Movie": The Films of Andy Warhol]'', MIT Press, 2012, xv+171 pp, [http://aaaaarg.fail/thing/534996dd334fe0078b216590 ARG]. Collection of Crimp's essays on Warhol's films.
 +
* Anthony E. Grudin, ''[http://library.memoryoftheworld.org/#/book/c4318773-4eb1-41c4-a27a-1bc52dc5879e Warhol's Working Class: Pop Art and Egalitarianism]'', University of Chicago Press, 2017, 240 pp. [http://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/chicago/W/bo26850194.html]
 +
* Lucy Mulroney, ''[http://library.memoryoftheworld.org/#/book/f6540341-b1f2-4e50-becc-b8299770c331 Andy Warhol, Publisher]'', University of Chicago Press, 2018, 193 pp.
 +
* Andrew Higgins, Miroslava Germanova, [https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/07/world/europe/andy-warhol-slovakia-mikova-medzilaborce.html "Andy Warhol Said He Came From ‘Nowhere.’ This Is It"], ''New York Times'', 7 Oct 2018.
  
==External links==
+
==Links==
* [http://www.openculture.com/2012/04/andy_warhol_digitally_paints_debbie_harry_with_the_amiga_1000_computer_1985.html Warhol Digitally Paints Debbie Harry with the Amiga 1000 Computer (1985)]
 
* [http://angiewaller.com/video/andy-warhol-robot-2007/ Warhol's robot designed by Walt Disney animator  Alvaro Villa]
 
* http://www.ubu.com/sound/warhol.html
 
* http://www.ubu.com/film/warhol_cinema.html
 
 
* http://avantgardefilmindex.org/filmmakers/warhol-andy/
 
* http://avantgardefilmindex.org/filmmakers/warhol-andy/
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andy_Warhol
+
* [http://www.warhol.org/ Andy Warhol Museum], Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
 +
* [http://www.warholcity.com/ Andy Warhol Museum of Modern Art], Medzilaborce, Slovakia, est 1991
 +
* [https://www.moma.org/interactives/exhibitions/2010/warhol/ Andy Warhol: Motion Pictures], online companion to 2010 exhibition at MoMA
 +
* http://www.artbabble.org/topic/people/warhol-andy
 +
* [http://www.openculture.com/2012/04/andy_warhol_digitally_paints_debbie_harry_with_the_amiga_1000_computer_1985.html Warhol digitally paints Debbie Harry with the Amiga 1000 Computer (1985)]
 +
* [http://angiewaller.com/video/andy-warhol-robot-2007/ Warhol robot designed by Walt Disney animator Alvaro Villa]
 +
* https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/travel/visiting-the-andy-warhol-museum--in-slovakia/2011/04/07/AFWBhJjD_story.html
  
[[Category:Experimental film|Warhol, Andy]]
+
[[Category:Experimental film]] [[Category:Photography]] {{DEFAULTSORT:Warhol, Andy}}
[[Category:Photography|Warhol, Andy]]
 

Revision as of 12:04, 12 August 2019


Warhol, photographed by Steve Wood, 1981.
Born August 6, 1928(1928-08-06)
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
Died February 22, 1987(1987-02-22) (aged 58)
New York City, New York, US
Web UbuWeb Film, UbuWeb Sound, Aaaaarg, Wikipedia

Andy Warhol (born Andrew Warhola; 1928–1987) was an American artist, director and producer who was a leading figure in pop art.

Films

Beginning with the 5-hour-and-21-minute Sleep (1963), Warhol made hundreds of films between 1963 and 1968. Following his near-fatal shooting by Valerie Solanas, Warhol shifted into the role of producer with Flesh (1968–1969), directed by his associate, Paul Morrissey. Generally speaking, Warhol’s films interrogate cinematic conventions. For instance, instead of the shot or frame, Warhol used the film roll (whose length was determined by Kodak) as the basic unit of his cinema. He also projected his early films without sound as well as the silent Screen Tests (1964–1966) at 16 fps, a slower speed than the standard 24 fps. Warhol’s films can be broken down into several different phases or periods, including works created with different collaborators. His early films, such as Sleep, Eat (1964), Blow Job (1964), and Empire (1964), are notorious for being excessively “minimal.” He later switched to shooting in synchronous sound, first using scenarios written by playwright Ronald Tavel, and then later with the involvement of Chuck Wein and Paul Morrissey. Warhol also made sound portraits (including biopics), including 472 cinematic portraits or Screen Tests. These were short, 100-foot long film portraits of artists, celebrities, and ordinary people who gravitated to his infamous art studio known as the Factory. Warhol’s “middle period” experimented with expanded cinema and utilizing multiple screens. Warhol called these multimedia events “the Exploding Plastic Inevitable,” which involved films, dancing, light shows, theater, and music by the Velvet Underground. This period culminated in the release of Warhol’s most commercially successful film, The Chelsea Girls (1966), which became the epic of the underground cinema. In 1967, Warhol began making sexploitation films at the bequest of the owner of the Hudson Theater in Midtown Manhattan, where his earlier My Hustler (1965) had been a box office success. Many of Warhol’s films, most notably Lonesome Cowboys (1967–1968) and Blue Movie (1968), ran into censorship problems. Warhol also worked in video and television. [1]

Filmography

Warhol made over 100 movies between 1963 and the late 1970s.

  • Sleep, with John Giorno, 1963
  • Kiss, 1963
  • Eat, with Robert Indiana, 1964

Films about Warhol on UbuWeb.

Publications

  • with Gerard Malanga, Screen Tests, New York: Kulchur, 1967, 115 pp.

Interviews

  • I'll Be Your Mirror: The Selected Andy Warhol Interviews, ed. Kenneth Goldsmith, New York: Carroll & Graf, 2004.
    • Interviews mit Andy Warhol, intro. Klaus Theweleit, trans. Susanne Höbel, Kippenheim: Liebig, 2005, 381 pp. (German)
    • Entretiens: 1962-1987, trans. Alain Cueff, Paris: Bernard Grasset, 2006, 405 pp. (French)
    • Będę twoim lustrem: wywiady z Warholem, trans. Marcin Zawada, Warsaw: Twój Styl, 2006, 391 pp. (Polish)
    • Wo jiang shi ni de jing zi: An diWo huo er fang tan jing xuan, Beijing: San lian shu dian, 2007, 463 pp. (Chinese)
    • Entrevistas: 1962-1987: treinta y siete entrevistas con el maestro del pop, intro. Reva Wolf, afterw. Wayne Koestenbaum, trans. Ferran Esteve, Barcelona: Blackie Books, 2010, 559 pp. (Spanish)

Literature

Links