Difference between revisions of "Computer art"

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==Magazines==
 
==Magazines==
 
* [http://monoskop.org/log/?p=3851 ''rot'' 19: "Computer-Grafik"], eds. Max Bense and Elisabeth Walther, 1968. {{de}}
 
* [http://monoskop.org/log/?p=3851 ''rot'' 19: "Computer-Grafik"], eds. Max Bense and Elisabeth Walther, 1968. {{de}}
−
* ''[[New Tendencies#Publications|Bit International: teorija informacija i nova estetika]]'', 9 numbers (7 issues), ed. Božo Bek, Zagreb: Galerije Grada Zagreba, 1968-72. {{multi}}
+
* ''[[New Tendencies#Publications|Bit International: teorija informacija i nova estetika]]'', 9 numbers (7 issues), ed. Božo Bek, Zagreb: Galerije Grada Zagreba, 1968-1972. {{multi}}
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* ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=2275 PAGE]'', London: Computer Arts Society, 1969-85 & 2004-11.  
+
* ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=2275 PAGE]'', London: Computer Arts Society, 1969-1985 & 2004-2011.
 +
* ''[http://recodeproject.com/ Computer Graphics and Art]'', 12 issues, ed. Grace C. Hertlein, Chico, CA: Berkeley Enterprises, Feb 1976-Nov 1978.
  
 
==Group exhibition catalogues==
 
==Group exhibition catalogues==
 
* ''Arte programmata: arte cinetica, opere moltiplicate, opera aperta'' [Programmed Art: Kinetic Art, Multiplied Works, Open Works], Milan: Galleria Vittorio Emanuele, 1962, 32 pp. Text by [[Umberto Eco]]. Works by Bruno Munari, Enzo Mari, [[Gruppo T]], Gruppo N, Getulio Alviani, GRAV, et al. Organised by [[Bruno Munari]] and Giorgio Soavi; sponsored by Olivetti. Exh. held in Milan, May 1962; Piazza S. Marco, Venice, Jul-Aug 1962; Genova, 1962; Piazza Barberini, Rome, Oct 1962; Galleria La Cavana, Trieste, 1962; Tokyo, 1962; Goppinger Galerie, Düsseldorf, 1963; Royal College of Art, London, Jul 1964; Loeb Student Center, New York, 1964; and circulated across other venues in the US by the Smithsonian Institution. [http://youtube.com/watch?v=iji_cT9L6RQ Video documentation] (10 min). [http://www.reprogrammed-art.cc/library/33/Arte-programmata.-Arte-cinetica.-Opere-moltiplicate.-Opera-aperta.] {{it}},{{fr}},{{en}}
 
* ''Arte programmata: arte cinetica, opere moltiplicate, opera aperta'' [Programmed Art: Kinetic Art, Multiplied Works, Open Works], Milan: Galleria Vittorio Emanuele, 1962, 32 pp. Text by [[Umberto Eco]]. Works by Bruno Munari, Enzo Mari, [[Gruppo T]], Gruppo N, Getulio Alviani, GRAV, et al. Organised by [[Bruno Munari]] and Giorgio Soavi; sponsored by Olivetti. Exh. held in Milan, May 1962; Piazza S. Marco, Venice, Jul-Aug 1962; Genova, 1962; Piazza Barberini, Rome, Oct 1962; Galleria La Cavana, Trieste, 1962; Tokyo, 1962; Goppinger Galerie, Düsseldorf, 1963; Royal College of Art, London, Jul 1964; Loeb Student Center, New York, 1964; and circulated across other venues in the US by the Smithsonian Institution. [http://youtube.com/watch?v=iji_cT9L6RQ Video documentation] (10 min). [http://www.reprogrammed-art.cc/library/33/Arte-programmata.-Arte-cinetica.-Opere-moltiplicate.-Opera-aperta.] {{it}},{{fr}},{{en}}
 +
* ''Herstellung von zeichnerischen Darstellungen, Tonfolgen und Texten mit elektronischen Rechenanlagen. Programm-Information PI-21'', Darmstadt: Deutsches Rechenzentrum Darmstadt, 1966. {{de}}
 
* ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=3854 Computer Graphics]'', ed. Jiří Valoch, Brno: Dům umění města Brna, 1968, 16 pp. {{cz}}
 
* ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=3854 Computer Graphics]'', ed. Jiří Valoch, Brno: Dům umění města Brna, 1968, 16 pp. {{cz}}
 
* ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=388 Cybernetic Serendipidity: The Computer and the Arts]'', ed. Jasia Reichardt, London: Studio International, Jul 1968; 2nd ed., rev., Sep 1968.
 
* ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=388 Cybernetic Serendipidity: The Computer and the Arts]'', ed. Jasia Reichardt, London: Studio International, Jul 1968; 2nd ed., rev., Sep 1968.
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* ''Počítačová grafika vo výtvarnom umení'', ed. Zuzana Bartková and Martin Šperka, Banská Bystrica: Štátna galéria, 1992, [32] pp. {{sk}}
 
* ''Počítačová grafika vo výtvarnom umení'', ed. Zuzana Bartková and Martin Šperka, Banská Bystrica: Štátna galéria, 1992, [32] pp. {{sk}}
 
* ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=5692 Computer Graphics in Fine Arts / Počítačová grafika vo výtvarnom umení]'', ed. Martin Šperka, Bratislava: Academy of Fine Arts, 1993, 8 pp. {{en}}/{{sk}}
 
* ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=5692 Computer Graphics in Fine Arts / Počítačová grafika vo výtvarnom umení]'', ed. Martin Šperka, Bratislava: Academy of Fine Arts, 1993, 8 pp. {{en}}/{{sk}}
 +
* ''Ex machina - frühe Computergrafik bis 1979: die Sammlungen Franke und weitere Stiftungen in der Kunsthalle Bremen. Herbert W. Franke zum 80. Geburtstag / Ex Machina: Early Computer Graphics Up to 1979'', eds. Wulf Herzogenrath, Barbara Nierhoff-Wielk, and Herbert W. Franke, Bremen: Kunsthalle Bremen, 503 pp. Exh. held at the Kunsthalle Bremen, 17 Jun-26 Aug 2007. [https://d-nb.info/982449690/04 TOC]. {{de}}/{{en}}
 
* ''Computational Arts in Canada 1967-1974'', ed. Adam Lauder, London, ON: McIntosh Gallery, 2020, 84 pp. [http://archive.neural.it/init/default/show/3171 TOC], [https://brownanddickson.com/products/9780771431425]
 
* ''Computational Arts in Canada 1967-1974'', ed. Adam Lauder, London, ON: McIntosh Gallery, 2020, 84 pp. [http://archive.neural.it/init/default/show/3171 TOC], [https://brownanddickson.com/products/9780771431425]
  
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* [http://dada.compart-bremen.de Database of Digital Art], founded by [[Frieder Nake]]
 
* [http://dada.compart-bremen.de Database of Digital Art], founded by [[Frieder Nake]]
 
* [http://recodeproject.com/ The Recode Project], An active archive of computer art. A community-driven effort to preserve computer art by translating it into a modern programming language (Processing).
 
* [http://recodeproject.com/ The Recode Project], An active archive of computer art. A community-driven effort to preserve computer art by translating it into a modern programming language (Processing).
−
* [http://www.computerkunst.org/ Early beginnings of (digital) computer art], maintained by [[Christoph Klütsch]]
+
* [http://web.archive.org/web/20171113041627if_/http://www.computerkunst.org/ Early beginnings of (digital) computer art], maintained by [[Christoph Klütsch]]
 
* [http://web.archive.org/web/20220429095018/https://fifty.eai.org/video-features/computer-art-festivals-selected Selected Works from the Computer Art Festivals (1973-1975)], compiled by Electronic Arts Intermix, 2022. [http://www.eai.org/webpages/1173]
 
* [http://web.archive.org/web/20220429095018/https://fifty.eai.org/video-features/computer-art-festivals-selected Selected Works from the Computer Art Festivals (1973-1975)], compiled by Electronic Arts Intermix, 2022. [http://www.eai.org/webpages/1173]
 +
* [http://www.eai.org/webpages/1173 Computer Art Festivals], organised by Dimitri Devyatkin, 1973-1975.
 
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_Lmi6cmrq0w How Computer-Generated Animations Were Made, Circa 1964 - AT&T Archives]
 
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_Lmi6cmrq0w How Computer-Generated Animations Were Made, Circa 1964 - AT&T Archives]
 
* [http://www.vam.ac.uk/content/articles/t/v-and-a-computer-art-collections/ The V&A's Computer Art Collections].
 
* [http://www.vam.ac.uk/content/articles/t/v-and-a-computer-art-collections/ The V&A's Computer Art Collections].
−
* [http://www.eai.org/webpages/1173 Computer Art Festivals], organised by Dimitri Devyatkin, 1973-1975.
+
* [https://cgi.di.uoa.gr/~halatsis/GP04/Istoselides/Computer%20Graphics_timeline.html An Historical Timeline of Computer Graphics and Animation], compiled by Wayne E. Carlson, 2003.
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* [http://web.archive.org/web/20150905141424/http://translab.burundi.sk/code/vzx/index.htm selected works]
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* [http://web.archive.org/web/20150905141424/http://translab.burundi.sk/code/vzx/index.htm selected works], compiled by Dusan Barok
  
 
==Literature==
 
==Literature==
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* Ruth Leavitt (ed.), ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=229 Artist and Computer]'', Harmony Books, 1976, 121 pp.
 
* Ruth Leavitt (ed.), ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=229 Artist and Computer]'', Harmony Books, 1976, 121 pp.
 
* George Stiny, James Gips, ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=615 Algorithmic Aesthetics: Computer Models for Criticism and Design in the Arts]'', University of California Press, 1978, 220 pp.
 
* George Stiny, James Gips, ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=615 Algorithmic Aesthetics: Computer Models for Criticism and Design in the Arts]'', University of California Press, 1978, 220 pp.
 +
* Herbert W. Franke, [[Media:Franke Herbert W 1985 The New Visual Age The Influence of Computer Graphics on Art and Society.pdf|"The New Visual Age: The Influence of Computer Graphics on Art and Society"]], ''Leonardo'' 18:2, 1985, pp 105-107. [https://doi.org/10.2307/1577879]
 
* Frank Dietrich, [[Media:Dietrich Frank Visual Intelligence The First Decade of Computer Art 1965-1975 1986.pdf|"Visual Intelligence: The First Decade of Computer Art (1965-1975)"]], ''Leonardo'' 19:2, MIT Press, Apr 1986, pp 159-169.
 
* Frank Dietrich, [[Media:Dietrich Frank Visual Intelligence The First Decade of Computer Art 1965-1975 1986.pdf|"Visual Intelligence: The First Decade of Computer Art (1965-1975)"]], ''Leonardo'' 19:2, MIT Press, Apr 1986, pp 159-169.
 
* ''Art Journal'' 49(3): "Computers and Art: Issues of Content", Autumn 1990.
 
* ''Art Journal'' 49(3): "Computers and Art: Issues of Content", Autumn 1990.
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* A. Michael Noll, [http://ethw.org/First-Hand:Howard_Wise_Gallery_Show_of_Digital_Art_and_Patterns_%281965%29:_A_50th_Anniversary_Memoir "The Howard Wise Gallery Show ''Computer-Generated Pictures'' (1965): A 50th-Anniversary Memoir"], ''Leonardo'' 49:3, Jun 2016, pp 232-239. [http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/LEON_a_01158] [http://dada.compart-bremen.de/item/exhibition/172]
 
* A. Michael Noll, [http://ethw.org/First-Hand:Howard_Wise_Gallery_Show_of_Digital_Art_and_Patterns_%281965%29:_A_50th_Anniversary_Memoir "The Howard Wise Gallery Show ''Computer-Generated Pictures'' (1965): A 50th-Anniversary Memoir"], ''Leonardo'' 49:3, Jun 2016, pp 232-239. [http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/LEON_a_01158] [http://dada.compart-bremen.de/item/exhibition/172]
 
* Boris Magrini, ''Confronting the Machine: An Enquiry into the Subversive Drives of Computer-Generated Art'', De Gruyter, 2017. [https://books.google.com/books?id=aMJ8DgAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover]  
 
* Boris Magrini, ''Confronting the Machine: An Enquiry into the Subversive Drives of Computer-Generated Art'', De Gruyter, 2017. [https://books.google.com/books?id=aMJ8DgAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover]  
 +
* Wayne E. Carlson, "Computer Artists", ch. 9 in Carlson, ''[https://ohiostate.pressbooks.pub/graphicshistory/ Computer Graphics and Computer Animation: A Retrospective Overview]'', Ohio State University, 2017.
 
* Lindsay Caplan, [[Media:Caplan Lindsay 2018 From Collective Creation to Creating Collectives Arte programmata and the Open Work 1962.pdf|"From Collective Creation to Creating Collectives: ''Arte programmata'' and the Open Work, 1962"]], ''Grey Room'' 73, Fall 2018, pp 54-81. [https://doi.org/10.1162/grey_a_00256]  
 
* Lindsay Caplan, [[Media:Caplan Lindsay 2018 From Collective Creation to Creating Collectives Arte programmata and the Open Work 1962.pdf|"From Collective Creation to Creating Collectives: ''Arte programmata'' and the Open Work, 1962"]], ''Grey Room'' 73, Fall 2018, pp 54-81. [https://doi.org/10.1162/grey_a_00256]  
 
* A. Michael Noll, [http://sci-hub.se/10.1162/leon_a_01442 "The VanDerBeek-Knowlton Movies"], ''Leonardo'' 52:3, Jun 2019, pp 314-319.
 
* A. Michael Noll, [http://sci-hub.se/10.1162/leon_a_01442 "The VanDerBeek-Knowlton Movies"], ''Leonardo'' 52:3, Jun 2019, pp 314-319.
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; Bibliography
 
; Bibliography
−
* [http://www.computerkunst.org/Lit_early_dig_computerart.html Bibliography compiled by Christoph Kluetsch]
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* [http://web.archive.org/web/20170629174324if_/http://computerkunst.org/Lit_early_dig_computerart.html Bibliography compiled by Christoph Kluetsch]
  
 
==Recent exhibitions==
 
==Recent exhibitions==

Revision as of 15:30, 4 July 2022

'Computer art' is the generation of aesthetic objects with the aid of software on a digital computer. Its history started in 1965. Three exhibitions took place that year, which are acknowledged as first public presentations of digital art: Georg Nees at the Studiengalerie of the University of Stuttgart (5-19 February 1965); A. Michael Noll and Bela Julesz at Howard Wise Gallery, New York (6-24 April 1965); Frieder Nake and Georg Nees at Galerie Wendelin Niedlich, Stuttgart (5-26 November 1965)... The picture changes slightly, when we closely look at the time when these researcher-artists started their experiments in algorithmic art: Noll in 1962, Nake in 1963, Nees in 1964. All these dates refer to "digital" art and computers. Ben F. Laposky had started to work with analogue equipment in 1952. Herbert W. Franke followed in Austria in 1959, and Kurd Alsleben in Hamburg around 1960."
– Frieder Nake

Artists, Events

Magazines

Group exhibition catalogues

  • Arte programmata: arte cinetica, opere moltiplicate, opera aperta [Programmed Art: Kinetic Art, Multiplied Works, Open Works], Milan: Galleria Vittorio Emanuele, 1962, 32 pp. Text by Umberto Eco. Works by Bruno Munari, Enzo Mari, Gruppo T, Gruppo N, Getulio Alviani, GRAV, et al. Organised by Bruno Munari and Giorgio Soavi; sponsored by Olivetti. Exh. held in Milan, May 1962; Piazza S. Marco, Venice, Jul-Aug 1962; Genova, 1962; Piazza Barberini, Rome, Oct 1962; Galleria La Cavana, Trieste, 1962; Tokyo, 1962; Goppinger Galerie, Düsseldorf, 1963; Royal College of Art, London, Jul 1964; Loeb Student Center, New York, 1964; and circulated across other venues in the US by the Smithsonian Institution. Video documentation (10 min). [1] (Italian),(French),(English)
  • Herstellung von zeichnerischen Darstellungen, Tonfolgen und Texten mit elektronischen Rechenanlagen. Programm-Information PI-21, Darmstadt: Deutsches Rechenzentrum Darmstadt, 1966. (German)
  • Computer Graphics, ed. Jiří Valoch, Brno: Dům umění města Brna, 1968, 16 pp. (Czech)
  • Cybernetic Serendipidity: The Computer and the Arts, ed. Jasia Reichardt, London: Studio International, Jul 1968; 2nd ed., rev., Sep 1968.
  • Arte y cibernetica, eds. Jorge Glusberg and Alfredo Ibarlucía, Buenos Aries: CEAC, 1969. Exh. held at Galería Bonino, Buenos Aires, Aug-Sep 1969. [2] (Spanish)
  • Impulse Computerkunst: Graphik, Plastik, Musik, Film, ed. Herbert W. Franke, Munich: Kunstverein München, 1970, 62 pp. Exh. held at Karl-Ernst-Osthaus Museum, Hagen, Feb 1970; Kunstverein München, Munich, 8 May-7 Jun 1970; Kunsthaus Hamburg, 12 Jun-12 Jul 1970; afterwards at Goethe-Institut internationally (Brussels, Oslo, Madrid, Zürich, Rome, Amsterdam, Lisbon, and elsewhere), 1971-1972. (German)
  • Tendencije 4 / Tendencies 4: Zagreb, 1968-1969, eds. Boris Kelemen and Radoslav Putar, Zagreb: Galerija suvremene umjetnosti, 1970, [146] pp. Texts and statements by Radoslav Putar, Almir Mavignier, Matko Meštrović, Enzo Mari, Alessandro Carlini, Bernhard Schneider, Alberto Biasi, Gianni Colombo, Milan Dobeš, Herbert W. Franke, Karl Gerstner, Rolf Glasmeier, Rolf Gravenhorst, Hein Gravenhorst, Dieter Hacker, John Gabriel Harries, Gottfried Jäger, Richard Kriesche, Max H. Mahlmann, Marcello Morandini, Zoran Radović, Bernhard Sandfort, Paolo Scheggi, Klaus Staudt, Josef Hermann Stiegler, Jorrit Tornquist, Gabriele de Vecchi, Herman de Vries. (Serbo-Croatian)/(French),(German),(Italian),(English)
  • Interactive Sound and Visual Systems, ed. Charles A. Csuri, College of the Arts, Ohio State University, 1970, 31 pp.
  • Arte y cibernética, Buenos Aires: Centro de Arte y Comunicacion (CAC), 1970. (Spanish)
  • Software: Information Technology: Its New Meaning for Art, New York: Jewish Museum, 1970, 71 pp.
  • Computer Art, ed. Laxmi P. Sihare, New Delhi: National Gallery of Modern Art, 1972, 57 pp.
  • International Computer Arts Festival, New York: Kitchen, 1973, [7] pp. Program leaflet. Held 1-14 Apr 1973.
  • 2nd International Computer Art Festival, New York: The Kitchen, 1974, [10] pp. Held 1-15 Jun 1974. [3]
  • Bilder 43: "Computer-Bilder", Vienna: Fotogalerie Wien, Nov 1988, [12] pp. Works by Graf & Zyx (A), Ingoneu (A), Margot Pilz (A), Helmut Rainer (A), Leo Schatzl (A). [4] (German)
  • Počítačové umění v ČSSR a ve světě. 3. celostátní výstava s mezinárodní účastí, ed. Lucie Holá, Prague: Dům techniky, 1989, 27 pp. Exh. held 11-16 Apr 1989. Exhibition. [5] [6] [7] (Czech)
  • Počítačová grafika vo výtvarnom umení, ed. Zuzana Bartková and Martin Šperka, Banská Bystrica: Štátna galéria, 1992, [32] pp. (Slovak)
  • Computer Graphics in Fine Arts / Počítačová grafika vo výtvarnom umení, ed. Martin Šperka, Bratislava: Academy of Fine Arts, 1993, 8 pp. (English)/(Slovak)
  • Ex machina - frühe Computergrafik bis 1979: die Sammlungen Franke und weitere Stiftungen in der Kunsthalle Bremen. Herbert W. Franke zum 80. Geburtstag / Ex Machina: Early Computer Graphics Up to 1979, eds. Wulf Herzogenrath, Barbara Nierhoff-Wielk, and Herbert W. Franke, Bremen: Kunsthalle Bremen, 503 pp. Exh. held at the Kunsthalle Bremen, 17 Jun-26 Aug 2007. TOC. (German)/(English)
  • Computational Arts in Canada 1967-1974, ed. Adam Lauder, London, ON: McIntosh Gallery, 2020, 84 pp. TOC, [8]

Resources

Literature

More
Bibliography

Recent exhibitions

See also


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