Difference between revisions of "Computer art"

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==Resources==
+
==Magazines==
* [http://dada.compart-bremen.de Database of Digital Art], founded by [[Frieder Nake]]
+
* [http://monoskop.org/log/?p=3851 ''rot'' 19: "Computer-Grafik"], eds. Max Bense and Elisabeth Walther, 1968. {{de}}
* [http://recodeproject.com/ The Recode Project], An active archive of computer art. A community-driven effort to preserve computer art by translating it into a modern programming language (Processing).
+
* ''[[New Tendencies#Publications|Bit International: teorija informacija i nova estetika]]'', 9 numbers (7 issues), ed. Božo Bek, Zagreb: Galerije Grada Zagreba, 1968-72. {{multi}}
* [http://www.computerkunst.org/ Early beginnings of (digital) computer art], maintained by [[Christoph Klütsch]]
+
* ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=2275 PAGE]'', London: Computer Arts Society, 1969-85 & 2004-11.  
* Copper Giloth, Lynn Pocock-Williams, [http://www.experimentaltvcenter.org/sites/default/files/history/pdf/GilothChronology_2700.pdf A "Selected Chronology of Computer Art: Exhibitions, Publications, and Technology"], 1990. [http://www.iim.cz/wiki/images/d/dd/A-Selected-Chronology-of-Computer-Art.pdf]
 
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_Lmi6cmrq0w How Computer-Generated Animations Were Made, Circa 1964 - AT&T Archives]
 
* [http://web.archive.org/web/20150905141424/http://translab.burundi.sk/code/vzx/index.htm selected works]
 
  
==Catalogues of group exhibitions==
+
==Group exhibition catalogues==
 
* ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=3854 Computer Graphics]'', ed. Jiří Valoch, Brno: Dům umění města Brna, 1968, 16 pp. {{cz}}
 
* ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=3854 Computer Graphics]'', ed. Jiří Valoch, Brno: Dům umění města Brna, 1968, 16 pp. {{cz}}
 
* ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=388 Cybernetic Serendipidity: The Computer and the Arts]'', ed. Jasia Reichardt, London: Studio International, Jul 1968; 2nd ed., rev., Sep 1968.
 
* ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=388 Cybernetic Serendipidity: The Computer and the Arts]'', ed. Jasia Reichardt, London: Studio International, Jul 1968; 2nd ed., rev., Sep 1968.
* ''Tendencije 4: Zagreb, 1968-1969'', ed. Božo Bek, Zagreb, 1970, 146 pp. [http://www.anonimagroup.org/index.php?/writings/1970-new-tendencies-4-zagreb/]
+
* ''Arte y cibernetica'', eds. Jorge Glusberg and Alfredo Ibarlucía, Buenos Aries: CEAC, 1969. Exh. held at Galería Bonino, Buenos Aires, Aug-Sep 1969. [https://www.harpersbooks.com/pages/books/22076/jorge-glusberg-alfredo-ibarlucia/arte-y-cibernetica-first-exhibition-of-the-centre-of-studies-on-art-and-communication-of-the] {{es}}
 +
* ''Impulse Computerkunst: Graphik, Plastik, Musik, Film'', ed. Herbert W. Franke, Munich: Kunstverein München, 1970, 62 pp. Exh. held at Karl-Ernst-Osthaus Museum, Hagen, Feb 1970; Kunstverein München, Munich, 8 May-7 Jun 1970; Kunsthaus Hamburg, 12 Jun-12 Jul 1970; afterwards at Goethe-Institut internationally (Brussels, Oslo, Madrid, Zürich, Rome, Amsterdam, Lisbon, and elsewhere), 1971-1972. {{de}}
 +
* ''[[Media:Tendencije_4_Tendencies_4_1970_part.pdf|Tendencije 4 / Tendencies 4: Zagreb, 1968-1969]]'', eds. Boris Kelemen and Radoslav Putar, Zagreb: Galerija suvremene umjetnosti, 1970, [146] pp. Texts and statements by Radoslav Putar, Almir Mavignier, Matko Meštrović, Enzo Mari, Alessandro Carlini, Bernhard Schneider, Alberto Biasi, Gianni Colombo, Milan Dobeš, Herbert W. Franke, Karl Gerstner, Rolf Glasmeier, Rolf Gravenhorst, Hein Gravenhorst, Dieter Hacker, John Gabriel Harries, Gottfried Jäger, Richard Kriesche, Max H. Mahlmann, Marcello Morandini, Zoran Radović, Bernhard Sandfort, Paolo Scheggi, Klaus Staudt, Josef Hermann Stiegler, Jorrit Tornquist, Gabriele de Vecchi, Herman de Vries.  {{sc}}/{{fr}},{{de}},{{it}},{{en}}
 
* ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=2453 Interactive Sound and Visual Systems]'', ed. Charles A. Csuri, College of the Arts, Ohio State University, 1970, 31 pp.
 
* ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=2453 Interactive Sound and Visual Systems]'', ed. Charles A. Csuri, College of the Arts, Ohio State University, 1970, 31 pp.
 
* ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=6711 Arte y cibernética]'', Buenos Aires: Centro de Arte y Comunicacion (CAC), 1970. {{es}}
 
* ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=6711 Arte y cibernética]'', Buenos Aires: Centro de Arte y Comunicacion (CAC), 1970. {{es}}
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* ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=5692 Computer Graphics in Fine Arts / Počítačová grafika vo výtvarnom umení]'', ed. Martin Šperka, Bratislava: Academy of Fine Arts, 1993, 8 pp. {{en}}/{{sk}}
 
* ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=5692 Computer Graphics in Fine Arts / Počítačová grafika vo výtvarnom umení]'', ed. Martin Šperka, Bratislava: Academy of Fine Arts, 1993, 8 pp. {{en}}/{{sk}}
  
==Magazines==
+
==Resources==
* [http://monoskop.org/log/?p=3851 ''rot'' 19: "Computer-Grafik"], eds. Max Bense and Elisabeth Walther, 1968. {{de}}
+
* [http://dada.compart-bremen.de Database of Digital Art], founded by [[Frieder Nake]]
* ''[[New Tendencies#Publications|Bit International: teorija informacija i nova estetika]]'', 9 numbers (7 issues), ed. Božo Bek, Zagreb: Galerije Grada Zagreba, 1968-72. {{multi}}
+
* [http://recodeproject.com/ The Recode Project], An active archive of computer art. A community-driven effort to preserve computer art by translating it into a modern programming language (Processing).
* ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=2275 PAGE]'', London: Computer Arts Society, 1969-85 & 2004-11.  
+
* [http://www.computerkunst.org/ Early beginnings of (digital) computer art], maintained by [[Christoph Klütsch]]
 +
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_Lmi6cmrq0w How Computer-Generated Animations Were Made, Circa 1964 - AT&T Archives]
 +
* [http://www.vam.ac.uk/content/articles/t/v-and-a-computer-art-collections/ The V&A's Computer Art Collections].
 +
* [http://www.eai.org/webpages/1173 Computer Art Festivals], organised by Dimitri Devyatkin, 1973-1975.
 +
* [http://web.archive.org/web/20150905141424/http://translab.burundi.sk/code/vzx/index.htm selected works]
  
 
==Literature==
 
==Literature==
* J. R. Pierce, [http://monoskop.org/log/?p=13473 "Portrait of the Machine as a Young Artist"], ''Playboy'' 12:6 (1965), pp 124-5 & 150 & 182 & 184.
+
* J.R. Pierce, [http://monoskop.org/log/?p=13473 "Portrait of the Machine as a Young Artist"], ''Playboy'' 12:6 (1965), pp 124-5 & 150 & 182 & 184.
 
* Dick Higgins, ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=7813 Computers for the Arts]'', Somerville, MA: Abyss Publications, 1970, 17 pp.
 
* Dick Higgins, ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=7813 Computers for the Arts]'', Somerville, MA: Abyss Publications, 1970, 17 pp.
 
* Ruth Leavitt (ed.), ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=229 Artist and Computer]'', Harmony Books, 1976, 121 pp.
 
* Ruth Leavitt (ed.), ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=229 Artist and Computer]'', Harmony Books, 1976, 121 pp.
 
* George Stiny, James Gips, ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=615 Algorithmic Aesthetics: Computer Models for Criticism and Design in the Arts]'', University of California Press, 1978, 220 pp.
 
* George Stiny, James Gips, ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=615 Algorithmic Aesthetics: Computer Models for Criticism and Design in the Arts]'', University of California Press, 1978, 220 pp.
 +
* Frank Dietrich, [[Media:Dietrich Frank Visual Intelligence The First Decade of Computer Art 1965-1975 1986.pdf|"Visual Intelligence: The First Decade of Computer Art (1965-1975)"]], ''Leonardo'' 19:2, MIT Press, Apr 1986, pp 159-169.
 +
* ''Art Journal'' 49(3): "Computers and Art: Issues of Content", Autumn 1990.
 +
** Copper Giloth, Lynn Pocock-Williams, [[Media:Giloth Copper Pocock-Williams Lynn 1990 A Selected Chronology of Computer Art.pdf|"A Selected Chronology of Computer Art: Exhibitions, Publications, and Technology"]], ''Art Journal'', pp 283-297.
 
* Ivo Janoušek, ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=5684 Slovníček pojmů elektronického a multimediálního umění]'', Prague: Národní technické muzeum, 1994, 18 pp. {{cz}}
 
* Ivo Janoušek, ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=5684 Slovníček pojmů elektronického a multimediálního umění]'', Prague: Národní technické muzeum, 1994, 18 pp. {{cz}}
 
* Stuart Mealing (ed.), ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=1161 Computers and Art]'', 1997; 2nd ed., Intellect Books, 2002, 159 pp.
 
* Stuart Mealing (ed.), ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=1161 Computers and Art]'', 1997; 2nd ed., Intellect Books, 2002, 159 pp.
 
* Nick Lambert, ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=2449 A Critical Examination of “Computer Art”: its History and Application]'', Oxford University, 2003. DPhil thesis.
 
* Nick Lambert, ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=2449 A Critical Examination of “Computer Art”: its History and Application]'', Oxford University, 2003. DPhil thesis.
 +
* Matthias Weiss, [http://www.medienkunstnetz.de/themen/generative_tools/computer_art/scroll/ "Was ist Computerkunst? Ein Antwortversuch und Beispiele zur Auslegung"], ''MedienKunstNetz'', 2004. {{de}}
 +
** [http://www.medienkunstnetz.de/themes/generative-tools/computer_art/scroll/ "What is Computer Art? An Attempt Towards an Answer and Examples of Interpretation"], ''MediaArtNet'', 2004.
 
* Paul A. Fishwick (ed.), ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=235 Aesthetic Computing]'', MIT Press, 2006, 457 pp.
 
* Paul A. Fishwick (ed.), ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=235 Aesthetic Computing]'', MIT Press, 2006, 457 pp.
 
* Christoph Klütsch, ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=236 Computergrafik: Ästhetische Experimente zwischen zwei Kulturen. Die Anfänge der Computerkunst in den 1960er Jahren]'', Springer, 2007, 288 pp. {{de}}
 
* Christoph Klütsch, ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=236 Computergrafik: Ästhetische Experimente zwischen zwei Kulturen. Die Anfänge der Computerkunst in den 1960er Jahren]'', Springer, 2007, 288 pp. {{de}}
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** ''[http://iasl.uni-muenchen.de/links/GCA_Indexe.html History of Computer Art]'', Munich, 2014.
 
** ''[http://iasl.uni-muenchen.de/links/GCA_Indexe.html History of Computer Art]'', Munich, 2014.
 
* Grant D. Taylor, ''[http://gen.lib.rus.ec/book/index.php?md5=c5f4e840d0ac9f834aa9f7b43f1ebd62 When the Machine Made Art: The Troubled History of Computer Art]'', Bloomsbury, 2014. Based on [http://monoskop.org/log/?p=200 2004 PhD dissertation].
 
* Grant D. Taylor, ''[http://gen.lib.rus.ec/book/index.php?md5=c5f4e840d0ac9f834aa9f7b43f1ebd62 When the Machine Made Art: The Troubled History of Computer Art]'', Bloomsbury, 2014. Based on [http://monoskop.org/log/?p=200 2004 PhD dissertation].
 +
* Carolyn L. Kane, ''[http://gen.lib.rus.ec/book/index.php?md5=181678e81782099915d6f384935ecd61 Chromatic Algorithms: Synthetic Color, Computer Art, and Aesthetics After Code]'', University of Chicago Press, 2014, 343 pp.
 +
* Zabet Patterson, ''Peripheral Vision: Bell Labs, the S-C 4020, and the Origins of Computer Art'', MIT Press, 2015, 152 pp. [https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/peripheral-vision] Review: [http://neural.it/2016/09/zabet-patterson-peripheral-vision-bell-labs-the-s-c-4020-and-the-origins-of-computer-art/ Neural] (2016).
 +
* A. Michael Noll, [http://ethw.org/First-Hand:Howard_Wise_Gallery_Show_of_Digital_Art_and_Patterns_%281965%29:_A_50th_Anniversary_Memoir "The Howard Wise Gallery Show ''Computer-Generated Pictures'' (1965): A 50th-Anniversary Memoir"], ''Leonardo'' 49:3, Jun 2016, pp 232-239. [http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/LEON_a_01158] [http://dada.compart-bremen.de/item/exhibition/172]
 +
* Boris Magrini, ''Confronting the Machine: An Enquiry into the Subversive Drives of Computer-Generated Art'', De Gruyter, 2017. [https://books.google.com/books?id=aMJ8DgAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover]
  
 
; More
 
; More
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; Bibliography
 
; Bibliography
 
* [http://www.computerkunst.org/Lit_early_dig_computerart.html Bibliography compiled by Christoph Kluetsch]
 
* [http://www.computerkunst.org/Lit_early_dig_computerart.html Bibliography compiled by Christoph Kluetsch]
 +
 +
==Recent exhibitions==
 +
* ''[https://www.moma.org/calendar/exhibitions/3863?locale=en Thinking Machines: Art and Design in the Computer Age, 1959–1989]'', MoMA, New York, 13 Nov 2017-8 Apr 2018.
  
 
==See also==
 
==See also==
 
* Computer art in [[Media_art_in_Central_and_Eastern_Europe#Computer_art.2C_Dynamic_objects.2C_Cybernetic_sculpture|CEE]], [[Czech Republic#Computer_and_computer-aided_art|Czech Republic]], [[Early computer art in Slovakia (1970s-80s)|Slovakia]], [[Hungary#Computer_and_computer-aided_art|Hungary]], [[Poland#Computer_and_computer-aided_art|Poland]], [[Croatia#Computer_and_computer-aided_art|Croatia]], [[Slovenia#Computer_and_computer-aided_art|Slovenia]], [[Serbia#Computer_and_computer-aided_art|Serbia]], [[Romania#Computer_and_computer-aided_art|Romania]], [[Bulgaria#Computer_and_computer-aided_art|Bulgaria]].
 
* Computer art in [[Media_art_in_Central_and_Eastern_Europe#Computer_art.2C_Dynamic_objects.2C_Cybernetic_sculpture|CEE]], [[Czech Republic#Computer_and_computer-aided_art|Czech Republic]], [[Early computer art in Slovakia (1970s-80s)|Slovakia]], [[Hungary#Computer_and_computer-aided_art|Hungary]], [[Poland#Computer_and_computer-aided_art|Poland]], [[Croatia#Computer_and_computer-aided_art|Croatia]], [[Slovenia#Computer_and_computer-aided_art|Slovenia]], [[Serbia#Computer_and_computer-aided_art|Serbia]], [[Romania#Computer_and_computer-aided_art|Romania]], [[Bulgaria#Computer_and_computer-aided_art|Bulgaria]].
* Further [[Media art in Central and Eastern Europe Bibliography#Computer_art|bibliography]].
+
* Further [[Central and Eastern Europe Bibliography#Computer_art|bibliography]].
  
  
{{Art and culture}}
+
{{Art}}
 
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Revision as of 04:45, 6 May 2019

'Computer art' is the generation of aesthetic objects with the aid of software on a digital computer. Its history started in 1965. Three exhibitions took place that year, which are acknowledged as first public presentations of digital art: Georg Nees at the Studiengalerie of the University of Stuttgart (5-19 February 1965); A. Michael Noll and Bela Julesz at Howard Wise Gallery, New York (6-24 April 1965); Frieder Nake and Georg Nees at Galerie Wendelin Niedlich, Stuttgart (5-26 November 1965)... The picture changes slightly, when we closely look at the time when these researcher-artists started their experiments in algorithmic art: Noll in 1962, Nake in 1963, Nees in 1964. All these dates refer to "digital" art and computers. Ben F. Laposky had started to work with analogue equipment in 1952. Herbert W. Franke followed in Austria in 1959, and Kurd Alsleben in Hamburg around 1960."
Frieder Nake

Artists, Events

Magazines

Group exhibition catalogues

  • Computer Graphics, ed. Jiří Valoch, Brno: Dům umění města Brna, 1968, 16 pp. (Czech)
  • Cybernetic Serendipidity: The Computer and the Arts, ed. Jasia Reichardt, London: Studio International, Jul 1968; 2nd ed., rev., Sep 1968.
  • Arte y cibernetica, eds. Jorge Glusberg and Alfredo Ibarlucía, Buenos Aries: CEAC, 1969. Exh. held at Galería Bonino, Buenos Aires, Aug-Sep 1969. [1] (Spanish)
  • Impulse Computerkunst: Graphik, Plastik, Musik, Film, ed. Herbert W. Franke, Munich: Kunstverein München, 1970, 62 pp. Exh. held at Karl-Ernst-Osthaus Museum, Hagen, Feb 1970; Kunstverein München, Munich, 8 May-7 Jun 1970; Kunsthaus Hamburg, 12 Jun-12 Jul 1970; afterwards at Goethe-Institut internationally (Brussels, Oslo, Madrid, Zürich, Rome, Amsterdam, Lisbon, and elsewhere), 1971-1972. (German)
  • Tendencije 4 / Tendencies 4: Zagreb, 1968-1969, eds. Boris Kelemen and Radoslav Putar, Zagreb: Galerija suvremene umjetnosti, 1970, [146] pp. Texts and statements by Radoslav Putar, Almir Mavignier, Matko Meštrović, Enzo Mari, Alessandro Carlini, Bernhard Schneider, Alberto Biasi, Gianni Colombo, Milan Dobeš, Herbert W. Franke, Karl Gerstner, Rolf Glasmeier, Rolf Gravenhorst, Hein Gravenhorst, Dieter Hacker, John Gabriel Harries, Gottfried Jäger, Richard Kriesche, Max H. Mahlmann, Marcello Morandini, Zoran Radović, Bernhard Sandfort, Paolo Scheggi, Klaus Staudt, Josef Hermann Stiegler, Jorrit Tornquist, Gabriele de Vecchi, Herman de Vries. (Serbo-Croatian)/(French),(German),(Italian),(English)
  • Interactive Sound and Visual Systems, ed. Charles A. Csuri, College of the Arts, Ohio State University, 1970, 31 pp.
  • Arte y cibernética, Buenos Aires: Centro de Arte y Comunicacion (CAC), 1970. (Spanish)
  • Software: Information Technology: Its New Meaning for Art, New York: Jewish Museum, 1970, 71 pp.
  • Computer Art, ed. Laxmi P. Sihare, New Delhi: National Gallery of Modern Art, 1972, 57 pp.
  • Computer Graphics in Fine Arts / Počítačová grafika vo výtvarnom umení, ed. Martin Šperka, Bratislava: Academy of Fine Arts, 1993, 8 pp. (English)/(Slovak)

Resources

Literature

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Bibliography

Recent exhibitions

See also


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