Difference between revisions of "Yanaki and Milton Manaki"

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{{Infobox artist
 
{{Infobox artist
 
|image = Ienache manakia.jpg
 
|image = Ienache manakia.jpg
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|imagesize = 250px
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|imagesize = 338px
 
|caption = Photo of Ienache Manakia, 1917.
 
|caption = Photo of Ienache Manakia, 1917.
 
|birth_date = {{birth date|1878|5|18|mf=y}}
 
|birth_date = {{birth date|1878|5|18|mf=y}}
 
|birth_place = Avdella, Ottoman Empire (today northern Greece)
 
|birth_place = Avdella, Ottoman Empire (today northern Greece)
 
|death_date = {{Death date and age|1954|5|19|1878|5|18|mf=y}}
 
|death_date = {{Death date and age|1954|5|19|1878|5|18|mf=y}}
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|death_place = [[Thessaloniki]], [[Greece]]
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|death_place = Thessaloniki, Greece
 
}}
 
}}
 
{{Infobox artist
 
{{Infobox artist
 
|image = Milton manakia.jpg
 
|image = Milton manakia.jpg
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|imagesize = 250px
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|imagesize = 338px
 
|caption = Milton Manakia in a scene from the movie ''Camera 300''.
 
|caption = Milton Manakia in a scene from the movie ''Camera 300''.
−
|birth_date = {{birth date|1878|5|18|mf=y}}
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|birth_date = {{birth date|1882|9|9|mf=y}}
 
|birth_place = Avdella, Ottoman Empire (today northern Greece)
 
|birth_place = Avdella, Ottoman Empire (today northern Greece)
−
|death_date = {{Death date and age|1954|5|19|1878|5|18|mf=y}}
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|death_date = {{Death date and age|1964|3|5|1882|9|9|mf=y}}
 
|death_place = Bitola, Yugoslavia
 
|death_place = Bitola, Yugoslavia
 
}}
 
}}
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The brothers Ianachia (Ion, Ionel, Ianakis, Ianaki sau Iovan, 1878–1954) and Milton Manachia (Miltiade, Maltu, 1882–1964) were pioneering photographers and the early filmmakers in the Balkans.
+
The brothers '''Ianachia''' (Ion, Ionel, Ianakis, Ianaki sau Iovan, Yanaki, 1878–1954) and '''Milton Manachia''' (Miltiade, Maltu, 1882–1964) were photography and cinema pioneers who gained reputation for bringing the first film camera and creating the first motion pictures on the Balkan Peninsula and the Ottoman Empire. Their work was done in the city of Bitola, an economical and cultural center in Ottoman Rumelia.
 +
 
 +
==Photography==
 +
Yanaki was employed as an art teacher in a Romanian school in Ioannina. Here he opened his first photographic studio in 1898 where he asked his brother to go along and learn photography.
 +
 
 +
In 1903 they photographed a popular uprising for the newspaper ''Universul'' [http://books.google.com/books?id=4r8cRrzOavEC&pg=PA774]. In 1904 the two moved from their birthplace Avdella to the town Manastir (present-day Bitola). A year later, they opened their own photographic studio. Their work becoming known across the Balkans, in 1906 they were invited by the king Carol I of Romania to participate in the World Photo Exhibition in Sinaia, Romania, where they won a gold medal. Later they worked as the official photographers of the Ottoman Sultan, and in 1929, of the Yugoslav King Alexander Karađorđević.
 +
 
 +
==Film==
 +
According to the memoirs of Milton Manaki, in 1905, his older brother traveled through several European capitals. In London he bought a 35-mm Bioscope film camera with serial number 300 from the Charles Urban Trade Company. With it they shot a 60-second film of their 114-year-old grandmother Despina weaving in Avdella, becoming the first motion picture shot in the Balkans.  
 +
 
 +
Yanaki and Milton shot a number of films, mostly documentaries, covering aspects of life in the city of Bitola such as popular dances, religious rituals, weddings and funerals.
 +
 
 +
The brothers also made a newsreel of the visits of Sultan Mehmed Rashid V to Salonika and Bitola in 1911. [http://books.google.com/books?id=4r8cRrzOavEC&pg=PA774]
  
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; Photography
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Apart from their activity in filmmaking and photography, in 1921 they started an outdoor cinema, "Manaki", on the main street Shirok Sokak. From 1 December 1923 they operated a movie theater (the building was destroyed in a fire in 1939).
−
They began to work together in 1898. Ienache opened an photographic studio in Epir, where he worked as a teacher of drawing and calligraphy. Milton had to leave Ianina in 1905 after the scandal of Vouvousa and they moved to Bitola (Monastir) in Macedonia where they opened the famous ''Studio of Art and Photography''. The studio used the label in two language, Romanian and Turkish, the official language of the Ottoman Empire.
 
  
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The Manakis brothers became the official photographers of the Romanian Court Royal in 1906, of the Ottoman in 1911 and of king Aleksandar Karadjordevic in 1929.
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==Legacy==
 +
The National Archive of the Republic of Macedonia holds more than 17,000 Manakis' photographs made in 120 locations and over 2,000 metres of recorded film. The collection is of an important historical and cultural value.
  
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In total, they took over 17,300 photographs in 120 localities.
+
The International Cinematographers' Film Festival "Manaki Brothers" (founded in 1979 and renamed to "Manaki Brothers" in 1993) is held every year in Bitola. The film award is named "Room 300" [Camera 300].
  
−
; Film
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==Films==
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''The Weavers'' [Viaţa casnică la aromâncele din Pind] (c1905) is a silent, black and white documentary film the Manakis brothers made in the small Aromanian village of Avdella, in the Ottoman vilayet of Monastir. It depicts the Manaki's aunts and 114-year-old grandmother Despina spinning and weaving. It is said to be the first film shot in the Ottoman Balkans. The film is shot with 35 mm film with an Urban Bioscope movie camera (serial number 300) imported from London. The movie itself is not a big achievement (just a family scene) but it opened the road to ethographic movie. (Rudolf Pöch's ethnographic films from New Guinea were made in 1904.)
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<center>{{#widget:Html5media|url=http://monoskop.org/images/0/04/Manaki_brothers_1905_Grandmother_Despina_fragment_1.webm|width=320|height=240|poster=}} <br>
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''Grandmother Despina'', 1905, fragment. [http://monoskop.org/images/0/04/Manaki_brothers_1905_Grandmother_Despina_fragment_1.webm Download (WEBM)].</center>
  
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; Awards
 
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* 1906, 2 gold medals and 1 silver medal at the International Exposition in [[Bucharest]]
 
  
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; Legacy
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<center>{{#widget:Html5media|url=http://monoskop.org/images/2/2b/Manaki_brothers_1905_Viata_casnica_la_aromancele_din_pind_fragment.webm|width=320|height=240|poster=}} <br>
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In honor of their work, the International Cinematographers' Film Festival "Manaki Brothers" is held every year in Bitola, the city where most of their activities were organized.  
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''Viaţa casnică la aromâncele din Pind'', 1905, fragment. [http://monoskop.org/images/2/2b/Manaki_brothers_1905_Viata_casnica_la_aromancele_din_pind_fragment.webm Download (WEBM)].</center>
  
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; Movies (documentaries) about the Manakis brothers
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==Photographs==
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* Short film Room 300 [Camera 300], by the Croatian director Branko Ranitović (1958)
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<gallery>
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* The Manakis brothers - the pionners of Balkans [Fratii Manakia - pionierii din Balcani] (1995, director: Manuela Tanase, screnplay: Marian Ţuţui)
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File:Janaki_Manaki_1.jpg|''Ienache Manaki''
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* The Manakis brothers [Fratii Manakia] (2002, director: Sabina Pop, coproduction of the national televisions of Macedonia, Albania and Romania, screnplay: Marian Ţuţui)
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File:Janaki_Manaki_2.jpg|''Ienache Manaki''
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File:Janaki_Manaki_3.jpg|''Ienache Manaki''
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File:Janaki_Manaki_4.jpg|''Ienache Manaki''
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File:Janaki_Manaki_5.jpg|
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File:Janaki_Manaki_6.jpg|
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File:Janaki_Manaki_7.jpg|
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File:Janaki_Manaki_8.jpg|
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File:Janaki_Manaki_9.jpg|
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File:Janaki_Manaki_10.jpg|
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File:Janaki_Manaki_11.jpg|''2 Aromanians''
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File:Janaki_Manaki_12.jpg|
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</gallery>
  
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==Filmography==
−
; See also
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* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yanaki_and_Milton_Manaki#Filmography At Wikipedia]
−
* [[Yugoslavia#Early cinema]
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* [http://www.mlahanas.de/Greeks/NewArts/ManakisBrothers.html At Mlahanas.de]
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* [[Turkey#Early cinema]]
+
 
 +
== Documentary films about the brothers==
 +
* ''Room 300'' [Camera 300], short film by the Croatian director Branko Ranitović, 1958.
 +
* ''The Manakis brothers - the Balkan pioneers'' [Fratii Manakia - pionierii din Balcani], dir. Manuela Tanase, screenplay: Marian Ţuţui, 1995.
 +
* ''The Manakis brothers'' [Fratii Manakia], dir. Sabina Pop, screenplay: Marian Ţuţui, 2002. Co-production of the national televisions of Macedonia, Albania and Romania.
 +
* ''The Manakia Brothers. Diary of a long look back'' [Fratii Manakia. Jurnalul unei lungi priviri înapoi], dir. Eliza Zdru, 2016. [http://vimeo.com/76723741 Trailer]. [https://www.imdb.com/title/tt6205714/?ref_=nm_knf_t2 Imdb] [http://www.filmneweurope.com/news/romania/105419-production-my-great-grandfather-mita-zdru-was-photographed-by-the-manakia-brothers-in-development/menu-id-159]
 +
 
 +
== See also==
 +
* [[Macedonia#Early cinema]]
 
* [[Albania# Early cinema]]
 
* [[Albania# Early cinema]]
−
* [[Macedonia#Early cinema]]
+
* [[Romania#Early cinema]]
 
* [[Greece#Early cinema]]
 
* [[Greece#Early cinema]]
−
* [[Romania#Early cinema]]
+
* [[Turkey#Early cinema]]
  
−
; Literature
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== Literature==
−
* Marian Ţuţui, ''Orient Express: filmul românesc şi filmul balcanic sau Cinematograful balcanic'', Bucharest: Editura Noi Media Print, 2008. (in Romanian)
+
* Manuela Cernat, ''A Concise History of the Romanian Film'', Bucharest: Editura Ştiinţifică şi Enciclopedică, 1982.
−
* Marian Ţuţui, ''Fraţii Manakia şi imaginea Balcanilor'', Bucharest: Editura Noi Media Print, 2009 (in Romanian).  
+
* Giorgis Exarchos, ''Αδελφοί Μανάκια: πρωτοπόροι του κινηματογράφου στα Βαλκάνια και το "Βλαχικόν ζήτημα"'' [The Brothers Manakia: Pioneers of the Cinema in the Balkans and the "Vlach Question"], Athens: Gavriilidis, 1991. {{gr}}
 +
* Igor Stardelov, [http://www.fiafnet.org/pdf/uk/fiaf54.pdf "Preservation of Manaki Brothers Film Heritage" ], ''Journal of Film Preservation'' 26:54 (April 1997), pp 27-30.
 +
* Marian Ţuţui, ''Orient Express: filmul românesc şi filmul balcanic sau Cinematograful balcanic'', Bucharest: Noi Media Print, 2008. {{ro}}
 +
* Marian Ţuţui, ''Fraţii Manakia şi imaginea Balcanilor'', Bucharest: Noi Media Print, 2009. {{ro}}
 +
* Ioana Popescu, ''Priveşte! Fraţii Manakia'', 2nd edition, Bucharest: Martor, 2013. {{ro}}
 +
* Goran Trenčovski, [http://www.filmfestival-goeast.de/index.php?article_id=194&clang=1 "A View Of The Macedonian Documentary Film"], undated.
 +
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yanaki_and_Milton_Manaki#Further_reading More]
  
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; External links
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==Links==
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* [http://www.manaki.com.mk/ Manaki Brothers Film Festival Official Website]
+
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yanaki_and_Milton_Manaki Manaki brothers at Wikipedia]
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* [http://bitolatourist.info/things/photo_gallery/br_manaki.html Photo Gallery]
+
* [http://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milton_%C8%99i_Ianaki_Manakia Manaki brothers at Romanian Wikipedia]
−
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manakis_brothers Manakis brothers at Wikipedia]  
+
* [http://proiectavdhela.ro/index.php?pag=media&id_cap=1 Photographs by Manaki brothers]
 +
* [http://www.clas.ufl.edu/users/burt/middleagesonfilm//editingassewing.html Theo Angelopoulos' ''Ulysses Gaze'' (1995) features ''The Weavers'']
 +
* [http://www.manaki.com.mk/ Manaki Brothers Film Festival]
  
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[[Category:Photography|Manakis brothers]]
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[[Category:Photography|Manaki, Yanaki and Milton]]
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[[Category:Early cinema|Manaki, Yanaki and Milton]]

Latest revision as of 00:09, 26 May 2022


Photo of Ienache Manakia, 1917.
Born May 18, 1878(1878-05-18)
Avdella, Ottoman Empire (today northern Greece)
Died May 19, 1954(1954-05-19) (aged 76)
Thessaloniki, Greece

Milton Manakia in a scene from the movie Camera 300.
Born September 9, 1882(1882-09-09)
Avdella, Ottoman Empire (today northern Greece)
Died March 5, 1964(1964-03-05) (aged 81)
Bitola, Yugoslavia

The brothers Ianachia (Ion, Ionel, Ianakis, Ianaki sau Iovan, Yanaki, 1878–1954) and Milton Manachia (Miltiade, Maltu, 1882–1964) were photography and cinema pioneers who gained reputation for bringing the first film camera and creating the first motion pictures on the Balkan Peninsula and the Ottoman Empire. Their work was done in the city of Bitola, an economical and cultural center in Ottoman Rumelia.

Photography[edit]

Yanaki was employed as an art teacher in a Romanian school in Ioannina. Here he opened his first photographic studio in 1898 where he asked his brother to go along and learn photography.

In 1903 they photographed a popular uprising for the newspaper Universul [1]. In 1904 the two moved from their birthplace Avdella to the town Manastir (present-day Bitola). A year later, they opened their own photographic studio. Their work becoming known across the Balkans, in 1906 they were invited by the king Carol I of Romania to participate in the World Photo Exhibition in Sinaia, Romania, where they won a gold medal. Later they worked as the official photographers of the Ottoman Sultan, and in 1929, of the Yugoslav King Alexander Karađorđević.

Film[edit]

According to the memoirs of Milton Manaki, in 1905, his older brother traveled through several European capitals. In London he bought a 35-mm Bioscope film camera with serial number 300 from the Charles Urban Trade Company. With it they shot a 60-second film of their 114-year-old grandmother Despina weaving in Avdella, becoming the first motion picture shot in the Balkans.

Yanaki and Milton shot a number of films, mostly documentaries, covering aspects of life in the city of Bitola such as popular dances, religious rituals, weddings and funerals.

The brothers also made a newsreel of the visits of Sultan Mehmed Rashid V to Salonika and Bitola in 1911. [2]

Apart from their activity in filmmaking and photography, in 1921 they started an outdoor cinema, "Manaki", on the main street Shirok Sokak. From 1 December 1923 they operated a movie theater (the building was destroyed in a fire in 1939).

Legacy[edit]

The National Archive of the Republic of Macedonia holds more than 17,000 Manakis' photographs made in 120 locations and over 2,000 metres of recorded film. The collection is of an important historical and cultural value.

The International Cinematographers' Film Festival "Manaki Brothers" (founded in 1979 and renamed to "Manaki Brothers" in 1993) is held every year in Bitola. The film award is named "Room 300" [Camera 300].

Films[edit]


Grandmother Despina, 1905, fragment. Download (WEBM).



Viaţa casnică la aromâncele din Pind, 1905, fragment. Download (WEBM).

Photographs[edit]

  • Ienache Manaki

  • Ienache Manaki

  • Ienache Manaki

  • Ienache Manaki

  • Janaki Manaki 5.jpg
  • Janaki Manaki 6.jpg
  • Janaki Manaki 7.jpg
  • Janaki Manaki 8.jpg
  • Janaki Manaki 9.jpg
  • Janaki Manaki 10.jpg

  • 2 Aromanians

  • Janaki Manaki 12.jpg

Filmography[edit]

Documentary films about the brothers[edit]

  • Room 300 [Camera 300], short film by the Croatian director Branko Ranitović, 1958.
  • The Manakis brothers - the Balkan pioneers [Fratii Manakia - pionierii din Balcani], dir. Manuela Tanase, screenplay: Marian Ţuţui, 1995.
  • The Manakis brothers [Fratii Manakia], dir. Sabina Pop, screenplay: Marian Ţuţui, 2002. Co-production of the national televisions of Macedonia, Albania and Romania.
  • The Manakia Brothers. Diary of a long look back [Fratii Manakia. Jurnalul unei lungi priviri înapoi], dir. Eliza Zdru, 2016. Trailer. Imdb [3]

See also[edit]

Literature[edit]

  • Manuela Cernat, A Concise History of the Romanian Film, Bucharest: Editura Ştiinţifică şi Enciclopedică, 1982.
  • Giorgis Exarchos, Αδελφοί Μανάκια: πρωτοπόροι του κινηματογράφου στα Βαλκάνια και το "Βλαχικόν ζήτημα" [The Brothers Manakia: Pioneers of the Cinema in the Balkans and the "Vlach Question"], Athens: Gavriilidis, 1991. (Greek)
  • Igor Stardelov, "Preservation of Manaki Brothers Film Heritage" , Journal of Film Preservation 26:54 (April 1997), pp 27-30.
  • Marian Ţuţui, Orient Express: filmul românesc şi filmul balcanic sau Cinematograful balcanic, Bucharest: Noi Media Print, 2008. (Romanian)
  • Marian Ţuţui, Fraţii Manakia şi imaginea Balcanilor, Bucharest: Noi Media Print, 2009. (Romanian)
  • Ioana Popescu, Priveşte! Fraţii Manakia, 2nd edition, Bucharest: Martor, 2013. (Romanian)
  • Goran Trenčovski, "A View Of The Macedonian Documentary Film", undated.
  • More

Links[edit]

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