Difference between revisions of "Yanaki and Milton Manaki"

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{{Infobox artist
 
{{Infobox artist
 
|image = Ienache manakia.jpg
 
|image = Ienache manakia.jpg
−
|imagesize = 250px
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|imagesize = 338px
 
|caption = Photo of Ienache Manakia, 1917.
 
|caption = Photo of Ienache Manakia, 1917.
 
|birth_date = {{birth date|1878|5|18|mf=y}}
 
|birth_date = {{birth date|1878|5|18|mf=y}}
 
|birth_place = Avdella, Ottoman Empire (today northern Greece)
 
|birth_place = Avdella, Ottoman Empire (today northern Greece)
 
|death_date = {{Death date and age|1954|5|19|1878|5|18|mf=y}}
 
|death_date = {{Death date and age|1954|5|19|1878|5|18|mf=y}}
−
|death_place = [[Thessaloniki]], [[Greece]]
+
|death_place = Thessaloniki, Greece
 
}}
 
}}
 
{{Infobox artist
 
{{Infobox artist
 
|image = Milton manakia.jpg
 
|image = Milton manakia.jpg
−
|imagesize = 250px
+
|imagesize = 338px
 
|caption = Milton Manakia in a scene from the movie ''Camera 300''.
 
|caption = Milton Manakia in a scene from the movie ''Camera 300''.
−
|birth_date = {{birth date|1878|5|18|mf=y}}
+
|birth_date = {{birth date|1882|9|9|mf=y}}
 
|birth_place = Avdella, Ottoman Empire (today northern Greece)
 
|birth_place = Avdella, Ottoman Empire (today northern Greece)
−
|death_date = {{Death date and age|1954|5|19|1878|5|18|mf=y}}
+
|death_date = {{Death date and age|1964|3|5|1882|9|9|mf=y}}
 
|death_place = Bitola, Yugoslavia
 
|death_place = Bitola, Yugoslavia
 
}}
 
}}
−
The brothers '''Ianachia''' (Ion, Ionel, Ianakis, Ianaki sau Iovan, Yanaki, 1878–1954) and '''Milton Manachia''' (Miltiade, Maltu, 1882–1964) were photography and cinema pioneers who gained reputation for bringing the first film camera and creating the first motion pictures on the Balkan Peninsula and the Ottoman Empire. Their work was done in the city of Bitola, a strong economical and cultural center in Ottoman Rumelia.  
+
The brothers '''Ianachia''' (Ion, Ionel, Ianakis, Ianaki sau Iovan, Yanaki, 1878–1954) and '''Milton Manachia''' (Miltiade, Maltu, 1882–1964) were photography and cinema pioneers who gained reputation for bringing the first film camera and creating the first motion pictures on the Balkan Peninsula and the Ottoman Empire. Their work was done in the city of Bitola, an economical and cultural center in Ottoman Rumelia.  
  
 
==Photography==
 
==Photography==
 
Yanaki was employed as an art teacher in a Romanian school in Ioannina. Here he opened his first photographic studio in 1898 where he asked his brother to go along and learn photography.  
 
Yanaki was employed as an art teacher in a Romanian school in Ioannina. Here he opened his first photographic studio in 1898 where he asked his brother to go along and learn photography.  
  
−
In 1903 they photographed a popular uprising for the newspaper ''Universul'' [http://books.google.com/books?id=4r8cRrzOavEC&pg=PA774]. In 1904 the two moved from their birthplace Avdella to the town Manastir (present-day Bitola). One year after, they open their own atelier for photographic art. After their excellent work is seen by the Balkan public, in 1906 they get an invitation from the king Carol I of Romania to participate in the World Photo Exhibition in Sinaia, Romania, where they won a gold medal for their collection. Later, they become the official photographers of the Ottoman Sultan, and in 1929 to the King of Yugoslavia Alexander Karađorđević.  
+
In 1903 they photographed a popular uprising for the newspaper ''Universul'' [http://books.google.com/books?id=4r8cRrzOavEC&pg=PA774]. In 1904 the two moved from their birthplace Avdella to the town Manastir (present-day Bitola). A year later, they opened their own photographic studio. Their work becoming known across the Balkans, in 1906 they were invited by the king Carol I of Romania to participate in the World Photo Exhibition in Sinaia, Romania, where they won a gold medal. Later they worked as the official photographers of the Ottoman Sultan, and in 1929, of the Yugoslav King Alexander Karađorđević.  
  
 
==Film==
 
==Film==
−
According to the memoirs of Milton Manaki, in 1905, his older brother traveled through several European capitals. In London he bought 35 mm Bioscope film camera with serial number 300 from the Charles Urban Trade Company. With this camera they shot the 60 seconds long documentary film of their 114-year-old grandmother Despina weaving in Avdella regarded as the first motion picture shot in the Balkans. The film was made only 10 years after the shooting of the first Lumière brothers film, which influenced the brothers. Living in a time of transition from the 19th to 20th century, during the Ilinden Uprising, the Balkan Wars and the First World War, the development of Bitola as a consulate and military center of the Ottoman Empire, the brothers Manaki with their films helped to perpetuate these historical events.
+
According to the memoirs of Milton Manaki, in 1905, his older brother traveled through several European capitals. In London he bought a 35-mm Bioscope film camera with serial number 300 from the Charles Urban Trade Company. With it they shot a 60-second film of their 114-year-old grandmother Despina weaving in Avdella, becoming the first motion picture shot in the Balkans.  
  
−
Yanaki and Milton recorded a number of films, mostly documentaries that were talking about all aspects of life in the city of Bitola such as popular dances, religious rituals, weddings, and funerals.
+
Yanaki and Milton shot a number of films, mostly documentaries, covering aspects of life in the city of Bitola such as popular dances, religious rituals, weddings and funerals.
  
−
The brothers also pioneered the longer newsreel film by recording the visits of Sultan Mehmed Rashid V to Salonika and Bitola in 1911. [http://books.google.com/books?id=4r8cRrzOavEC&pg=PA774]
+
The brothers also made a newsreel of the visits of Sultan Mehmed Rashid V to Salonika and Bitola in 1911. [http://books.google.com/books?id=4r8cRrzOavEC&pg=PA774]
  
−
Apart from their activity in filmmaking and photography, in 1921 they built an outdoor cinema named "Manaki", under the open sky on the main street Shirok Sokak. However this temporary solution does not satisfy the two brothers, so they built a movie theater, which began its work on the 1st of December 1923. Unfortunately, this historic building was destroyed in 1939 in a fire.
+
Apart from their activity in filmmaking and photography, in 1921 they started an outdoor cinema, "Manaki", on the main street Shirok Sokak. From 1 December 1923 they operated a movie theater (the building was destroyed in a fire in 1939).
  
 
==Legacy==
 
==Legacy==
−
Today at the National Archive of the Republic of Macedonia are preserved more than 17.000 photos made in 120 locations and over 2000 meters recorded film frоm the brothers Manaki. They left a rich legacy of important documentary value of the historical and cultural development of Eastern Europe. In their honor the Manaki Brothers Film Festival is held every year.  
+
The National Archive of the Republic of Macedonia holds more than 17,000 Manakis' photographs made in 120 locations and over 2,000 metres of recorded film. The collection is of an important historical and cultural value.
  
−
In honor of their work, the International Cinematographers' Film Festival "Manaki Brothers" (founded in 1979 and renamed to "Manaki Brothers" in 1993) is held every year in Bitola. The film award is named "Room 300" [Camera 300].
+
The International Cinematographers' Film Festival "Manaki Brothers" (founded in 1979 and renamed to "Manaki Brothers" in 1993) is held every year in Bitola. The film award is named "Room 300" [Camera 300].
  
 
==Films==
 
==Films==
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File:Janaki_Manaki_3.jpg|''Ienache Manaki''
 
File:Janaki_Manaki_3.jpg|''Ienache Manaki''
 
File:Janaki_Manaki_4.jpg|''Ienache Manaki''
 
File:Janaki_Manaki_4.jpg|''Ienache Manaki''
−
File:Janaki_Manaki_5.jpg|''Face of a man''
+
File:Janaki_Manaki_5.jpg|
−
File:Janaki_Manaki_6.jpg|''Man''
+
File:Janaki_Manaki_6.jpg|
−
File:Janaki_Manaki_7.jpg|''Face of a woman''
+
File:Janaki_Manaki_7.jpg|
−
File:Janaki_Manaki_8.jpg|''Mother with baby''
+
File:Janaki_Manaki_8.jpg|
−
File:Janaki_Manaki_9.jpg|''3 men''
+
File:Janaki_Manaki_9.jpg|
−
File:Janaki_Manaki_10.jpg|''2 women''
+
File:Janaki_Manaki_10.jpg|
 
File:Janaki_Manaki_11.jpg|''2 Aromanians''
 
File:Janaki_Manaki_11.jpg|''2 Aromanians''
−
File:Janaki_Manaki_12.jpg|''Young man''
+
File:Janaki_Manaki_12.jpg|
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
  
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* ''The Manakis brothers - the Balkan pioneers'' [Fratii Manakia - pionierii din Balcani], dir. Manuela Tanase, screenplay: Marian Ţuţui, 1995.
 
* ''The Manakis brothers - the Balkan pioneers'' [Fratii Manakia - pionierii din Balcani], dir. Manuela Tanase, screenplay: Marian Ţuţui, 1995.
 
* ''The Manakis brothers'' [Fratii Manakia], dir. Sabina Pop, screenplay: Marian Ţuţui, 2002. Co-production of the national televisions of Macedonia, Albania and Romania.
 
* ''The Manakis brothers'' [Fratii Manakia], dir. Sabina Pop, screenplay: Marian Ţuţui, 2002. Co-production of the national televisions of Macedonia, Albania and Romania.
−
* ''The Manakia Brothers'', dir. Eliza Zdru, scheduled 2015. [http://vimeo.com/76723741 Trailer]. [http://www.filmneweurope.com/news/romania/105419-production-my-great-grandfather-mita-zdru-was-photographed-by-the-manakia-brothers-in-development/menu-id-159]
+
* ''The Manakia Brothers. Diary of a long look back'' [Fratii Manakia. Jurnalul unei lungi priviri înapoi], dir. Eliza Zdru, 2016. [http://vimeo.com/76723741 Trailer]. [https://www.imdb.com/title/tt6205714/?ref_=nm_knf_t2 Imdb] [http://www.filmneweurope.com/news/romania/105419-production-my-great-grandfather-mita-zdru-was-photographed-by-the-manakia-brothers-in-development/menu-id-159]
  
 
== See also==
 
== See also==
Line 80: Line 80:
  
 
== Literature==
 
== Literature==
−
* Giorgis Exarchos, ''Αδελφοί Μανάκια: πρωτοπόροι του κινηματογράφου στα Βαλκάνια και το "Βλαχικόν ζήτημα"'', [The Brothers Manakia: Pioneers of the Cinema in the Balkans and the "Vlach Question"], Athens: Gavriilidis, 1991. (in Greek)
+
* Manuela Cernat, ''A Concise History of the Romanian Film'', Bucharest: Editura Ştiinţifică şi Enciclopedică, 1982.
 +
* Giorgis Exarchos, ''Αδελφοί Μανάκια: πρωτοπόροι του κινηματογράφου στα Βαλκάνια και το "Βλαχικόν ζήτημα"'' [The Brothers Manakia: Pioneers of the Cinema in the Balkans and the "Vlach Question"], Athens: Gavriilidis, 1991. {{gr}}
 
* Igor Stardelov, [http://www.fiafnet.org/pdf/uk/fiaf54.pdf "Preservation of Manaki Brothers Film Heritage" ], ''Journal of Film Preservation'' 26:54 (April 1997), pp 27-30.
 
* Igor Stardelov, [http://www.fiafnet.org/pdf/uk/fiaf54.pdf "Preservation of Manaki Brothers Film Heritage" ], ''Journal of Film Preservation'' 26:54 (April 1997), pp 27-30.
−
* Marian Ţuţui, ''Orient Express: filmul românesc şi filmul balcanic sau Cinematograful balcanic'', Bucharest: Editura Noi Media Print, 2008. (in Romanian)
+
* Marian Ţuţui, ''Orient Express: filmul românesc şi filmul balcanic sau Cinematograful balcanic'', Bucharest: Noi Media Print, 2008. {{ro}}
−
* Marian Ţuţui, ''Fraţii Manakia şi imaginea Balcanilor'', Bucharest: Editura Noi Media Print, 2009 (in Romanian).
+
* Marian Ţuţui, ''Fraţii Manakia şi imaginea Balcanilor'', Bucharest: Noi Media Print, 2009. {{ro}}
−
* Goran Trenčovski, [http://www.filmfestival-goeast.de/index.php?article_id=194&clang=1 "A View Of The Macedonian Documentary Film"].
+
* Ioana Popescu, ''Priveşte! Fraţii Manakia'', 2nd edition, Bucharest: Martor, 2013. {{ro}}
−
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yanaki_and_Milton_Manaki#Further_reading More]
+
* Goran Trenčovski, [http://www.filmfestival-goeast.de/index.php?article_id=194&clang=1 "A View Of The Macedonian Documentary Film"], undated.
 +
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yanaki_and_Milton_Manaki#Further_reading More]
  
−
== External links==
+
==Links==
 
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yanaki_and_Milton_Manaki Manaki brothers at Wikipedia]  
 
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yanaki_and_Milton_Manaki Manaki brothers at Wikipedia]  
 
* [http://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milton_%C8%99i_Ianaki_Manakia Manaki brothers at Romanian Wikipedia]  
 
* [http://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milton_%C8%99i_Ianaki_Manakia Manaki brothers at Romanian Wikipedia]  

Latest revision as of 00:09, 26 May 2022


Photo of Ienache Manakia, 1917.
Born May 18, 1878(1878-05-18)
Avdella, Ottoman Empire (today northern Greece)
Died May 19, 1954(1954-05-19) (aged 76)
Thessaloniki, Greece

Milton Manakia in a scene from the movie Camera 300.
Born September 9, 1882(1882-09-09)
Avdella, Ottoman Empire (today northern Greece)
Died March 5, 1964(1964-03-05) (aged 81)
Bitola, Yugoslavia

The brothers Ianachia (Ion, Ionel, Ianakis, Ianaki sau Iovan, Yanaki, 1878–1954) and Milton Manachia (Miltiade, Maltu, 1882–1964) were photography and cinema pioneers who gained reputation for bringing the first film camera and creating the first motion pictures on the Balkan Peninsula and the Ottoman Empire. Their work was done in the city of Bitola, an economical and cultural center in Ottoman Rumelia.

Photography[edit]

Yanaki was employed as an art teacher in a Romanian school in Ioannina. Here he opened his first photographic studio in 1898 where he asked his brother to go along and learn photography.

In 1903 they photographed a popular uprising for the newspaper Universul [1]. In 1904 the two moved from their birthplace Avdella to the town Manastir (present-day Bitola). A year later, they opened their own photographic studio. Their work becoming known across the Balkans, in 1906 they were invited by the king Carol I of Romania to participate in the World Photo Exhibition in Sinaia, Romania, where they won a gold medal. Later they worked as the official photographers of the Ottoman Sultan, and in 1929, of the Yugoslav King Alexander Karađorđević.

Film[edit]

According to the memoirs of Milton Manaki, in 1905, his older brother traveled through several European capitals. In London he bought a 35-mm Bioscope film camera with serial number 300 from the Charles Urban Trade Company. With it they shot a 60-second film of their 114-year-old grandmother Despina weaving in Avdella, becoming the first motion picture shot in the Balkans.

Yanaki and Milton shot a number of films, mostly documentaries, covering aspects of life in the city of Bitola such as popular dances, religious rituals, weddings and funerals.

The brothers also made a newsreel of the visits of Sultan Mehmed Rashid V to Salonika and Bitola in 1911. [2]

Apart from their activity in filmmaking and photography, in 1921 they started an outdoor cinema, "Manaki", on the main street Shirok Sokak. From 1 December 1923 they operated a movie theater (the building was destroyed in a fire in 1939).

Legacy[edit]

The National Archive of the Republic of Macedonia holds more than 17,000 Manakis' photographs made in 120 locations and over 2,000 metres of recorded film. The collection is of an important historical and cultural value.

The International Cinematographers' Film Festival "Manaki Brothers" (founded in 1979 and renamed to "Manaki Brothers" in 1993) is held every year in Bitola. The film award is named "Room 300" [Camera 300].

Films[edit]


Grandmother Despina, 1905, fragment. Download (WEBM).



Viaţa casnică la aromâncele din Pind, 1905, fragment. Download (WEBM).

Photographs[edit]

  • Ienache Manaki

  • Ienache Manaki

  • Ienache Manaki

  • Ienache Manaki

  • Janaki Manaki 5.jpg
  • Janaki Manaki 6.jpg
  • Janaki Manaki 7.jpg
  • Janaki Manaki 8.jpg
  • Janaki Manaki 9.jpg
  • Janaki Manaki 10.jpg

  • 2 Aromanians

  • Janaki Manaki 12.jpg

Filmography[edit]

Documentary films about the brothers[edit]

  • Room 300 [Camera 300], short film by the Croatian director Branko Ranitović, 1958.
  • The Manakis brothers - the Balkan pioneers [Fratii Manakia - pionierii din Balcani], dir. Manuela Tanase, screenplay: Marian Ţuţui, 1995.
  • The Manakis brothers [Fratii Manakia], dir. Sabina Pop, screenplay: Marian Ţuţui, 2002. Co-production of the national televisions of Macedonia, Albania and Romania.
  • The Manakia Brothers. Diary of a long look back [Fratii Manakia. Jurnalul unei lungi priviri înapoi], dir. Eliza Zdru, 2016. Trailer. Imdb [3]

See also[edit]

Literature[edit]

  • Manuela Cernat, A Concise History of the Romanian Film, Bucharest: Editura Ştiinţifică şi Enciclopedică, 1982.
  • Giorgis Exarchos, Αδελφοί Μανάκια: πρωτοπόροι του κινηματογράφου στα Βαλκάνια και το "Βλαχικόν ζήτημα" [The Brothers Manakia: Pioneers of the Cinema in the Balkans and the "Vlach Question"], Athens: Gavriilidis, 1991. (Greek)
  • Igor Stardelov, "Preservation of Manaki Brothers Film Heritage" , Journal of Film Preservation 26:54 (April 1997), pp 27-30.
  • Marian Ţuţui, Orient Express: filmul românesc şi filmul balcanic sau Cinematograful balcanic, Bucharest: Noi Media Print, 2008. (Romanian)
  • Marian Ţuţui, Fraţii Manakia şi imaginea Balcanilor, Bucharest: Noi Media Print, 2009. (Romanian)
  • Ioana Popescu, Priveşte! Fraţii Manakia, 2nd edition, Bucharest: Martor, 2013. (Romanian)
  • Goran Trenčovski, "A View Of The Macedonian Documentary Film", undated.
  • More

Links[edit]

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