Alfred North Whitehead
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Born |
February 15, 1861 Ramsgate, Isle of Thanet, Kent, England |
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Died |
December 30, 1947 Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States | (aged 86)
Web | Aaaaarg, Wikipedia, Academia.edu, Open Library |
Alfred North Whitehead (1861–1947) was a British mathematician, logician and philosopher best known for his work in mathematical logic and the philosophy of science. In collaboration with Bertrand Russell, he co-authored the three-volume Principia Mathematica (1910, 1912, 1913). Later he was instrumental in pioneering the approach to metaphysics now known as process philosophy, which today has found application in a wide variety of disciplines, including ecology, theology, education, physics, biology, economics, psychology, and media theory, among other areas.
Contents
Works[edit]
- UA, A Treatise on Universal Algebra: With Applications, Cambridge: The University Press, 1898. [1]
- OCN, "On Cardinal Numbers", American Journal of Mathematics 24 (1902), pp 367-394.
- APG, The Axioms of Projective Geometry, Cambridge University Press, 1906.
- MCMW, "On Mathematical Concepts of the Material World", Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series A, 205 (1906), pp 465-525.
- ADG, The Axioms of Descriptive Geometry, Cambridge University Press, 1907.
- PM, with Bertrand Russell, Principia Mathematica, 3 vols., Cambridge University Press, 1910-13, HTML/1, HTML/2, HTML/3; 2nd ed., 1925/27, PDF/1, PDF/2, PDF/3; abridged as Principia Mathematica to *56, Cambridge University Press, 1962; 1963, IA/1, IA/2, IA/3.
- IM, An Introduction to Mathematics, London: Williams and Norgate, 1911, HTML; Oxford, 1958.
- Wstęp do matematyki, trans. Władysław Wojtowicz, Warsaw: E. Wende, 1914. (Polish)
- Vvedenie v matematiku, Petrograd, 1916, 229 pp. (Russian)
- Stærðfræðin, trans. Guðmundur Finnbogason, Reykjavik: Isafoldarprentsmidja, 1931. (Icelandic)
- Einführung in die Mathematische, trans. Hans Mokre, Munich: Drei Masken, 1932. (German)
- Introducción a las matemáticas, trans. Abel J. Ceci, Buenos Aires: Emecé, 1944, 277 pp. (Spanish)
- Einführung in die Mathematik, trans. Berthold Schenker, Vienna: Humboldt, 1948, 222 pp; 2nd ed. as Eine Einführung in die Mathematik, Bern and Munich: Francke, 1958, 152 pp. (German)
- Introdução à matemática, trans. Mário Silva, Coimbra: Arménio Armado, 1948, 210 pp. (Portuguese)
- Introduzione alla matematica, Firenze: Sansoni, 1953; 1961, 187 pp. (Italian)
- TRE, "La théorie relationniste de l'espace", Revue de Métaphysique et de Morale 23:3 (1916), pp 423-454. (French)
- OT, The Organisation of Thought, Educational and Scientific, London: Williams & Norgate, 1917.
- PNK, An Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Natural Knowledge, Cambridge University Press, 1919; 1925; Dover, 1982.
- Une enquête sur les principes de la connaissance naturelle, trans. Henri Vaillant and Sylviane Schwer, Mazy: Chromatika, 2007, xviii+281 pp. (French)
- Ricerca sui principi della conoscenza naturale, trans. Giovanni Gignami, Milan: Lampugnani Nigri, 1972, xvii+189 pp. (Italian)
- CN, The Concept of Nature, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1920, HTML; repr., Mineola, NY: Dover Publications, 2004. Lectures delivered at Trinity College in Cambridge in 1919, within a series initiated by Edward Tarner (hence sometimes referred to as Tarner Lectures).
- El concepto de naturaleza, trans. Jesús Díaz, Madrid: Gredos, 1968, 226 pp. (Spanish)
- Il concetto della natura, trans. Massimo Meyer, Torino: Einaudi, 1975, x+178 pp. (Italian)
- Pojam prirode, trans. Aleksandar Milenković, Belgrade: A. Milenković, 1989. (Serbian)
- Der Begriff der Natur, trans. Julian von Hassel, Weinheim: VCH, 1990, 173 pp. (German)
- O conceito de natureza, trans. Julio B. Fischer, São Paulo: Martins Fontes, 1994, 236 pp. (Brazilian Portuguese)
- Le concept de nature, trans. Jean Douchement, Paris: J. Vrin, 1998, 186 pp. (French)
- A természet fogalma, trans. Levente Szabados, Budapest: Typotex, 2007, 201 pp. (Hungarian)
- R, The Principle of Relativity with Applications to Physical Science, Cambridge University Press, 1922.
- Le principe de relativité et ses applications en physique, trans. Henri Vaillant and Sylviane Schwer, Mazy: Chromatika, 2013, xxix+114 pp. (French)
- SMW, Science and the Modern World, Cambridge University Press, 1925. Lectures delivered at Lowell Institute in Boston ("Lowell Lectures").
- La science et le monde moderne, trans. A. d'Ivéry and P. Hollard, Paris: Payot, 1930. (French)
- Wissenschaft und moderne Welt, trans. Gertrud Tschiedel and François Bondy, intro. Leopold Deuel, afterword & ed. Walter Robert Corti, Zürich: Morgarten, 1949, xxxv+283 pp. (German)
- La ciencia y el mundo moderno, trans. Marina Ruiz Lago and J. Rovira Armengol, Buenos Aires: Losada, 1949, 253 pp. (Spanish)
- De natuurwetenschap in de moderne wereld, trans. Jan van Rheenen, Utrecht and Antwerp: Aula-Boeken, 1951. (Dutch)
- Ciência e o mundo moderno, trans. Alberto Barros, Lisbon: Ulisseia, 1953; new ed., 1964, 240 pp. (Portuguese)
- Kagaku to kindai sekai [科学 と 近代 世界], trans. Ueda Yasaharau and Murakam Shido, Tokyo: Sogensha, 1954. (Japanese)
- La scienza e il mondo moderno, trans. Anofio Banfi, Milan: Bompiani, 1959; Torino: Boringhieri, 1979, 237 pp. (Italian)
- Nauka i moderni svet, trans. Aleksandar I. Spasić, Belgrade: Nolit, 1976. (Serbian)
- Wissenschaft und moderne Welt, trans. Hans Günter Holl, Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1984, 258 pp. (German)
- Nauka i świat nowożytny, trans. & intro. Maciej Kozłowski and Marek Pieńkowski, Kraków: Znak, 1987, 294 pp. (Polish)
- Nauka i swiat wspolczesny, Warsaw: Instytut Wydawniczy Pax, 1988. (Polish)
- Veda a moderný svet, trans. & intro. Ján Bodnár, Bratislava: Pravda, 1989, 333 pp. Incl. trans. of two chapters from Modes of Thought, "Nature Liveless" and "Nature Alive". (Slovak)
- La science et le monde moderne, trans. Paul Couturiau, Monaco: Rocher, 1994, 251 pp. (French)
- A ciência e o mundo moderno, trans. Hermann Herbert Watzlawick, São Paulo: SP Paulus, 2006. (Brazilian Portuguese)
- RM, Religion in the Making, New York: Macmillan, 1926, HTML. Lectures delivered at Lowell Institute in Boston in 1926.
- Le devenir de la religion, trans. Philippe Devaux, Paris: Aubier, 1926. (French)
- Il divenire della religione, intro., trans. & notes Francesco Cafaro, Torino: Paravia, Giovanni Battista & c., 1963. (Italian)
- De dynamiek van de religie, trans. & comment. J. van der Veken, Kapellen-Kampen: DNB/Uitgeverij Pelckmans-Uitgeverij Kok Agora, 1988. (Dutch)
- Wie entsteht Religion?, trans. Hans Günter Holl, Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1990, 128 pp. (German)
- Religionens tilblivelse, trans. Niels Henrik Gregersen, Frederiksberg: Anis, 1995, 143 pp. (Danish)
- Religia w tworzeniu, trans. Adam Szostkiewicz, intro. Józef Życiński, Kraków: Znak, 1997. (Polish)
- Dinin oluşumu, trans. Mevlüt Albayrak, İstanbul: Alfa, 2001. (Turkish)
- S, Symbolism, Its Meaning and Effect, New York: Macmillan, 1927, HTML; repr., Cambridge University Press 1958; new ed., Fordham University Press, 1985. Delivered as Barbour-Page Lectures at University of Virginia, New York.
- Il simbolismo: suo significato e sue conseguenze, intro., trans. & notes Francesco Cafaro, Torino: Paravia, Giovanni Battista, 1963. (Italian)
- "Le symbolisme, sa signification et sa portée", in Whitehead, La fonction de la raison et autres essais, trans. & intro. Philippe Devaux, Paris: Payot, 1969; Paris: Payot & Rivages, 2007. (French)
- El simbolismo, su significado y efecto, trans. César Nicolás Molina Flores, México: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 1969, 72 pp. (Spanish)
- Simbolismo: o seu significado e efeito, trans. Artur Morão, Lisbon: Edições 70, 1987, 74 pp. (Portuguese)
- Symbolismus, jeho význam a účin, trans. Vlastimil Zuska, Prague: Panglos, 1998, 92 pp. (Czech)
- Simbolismo, Milan: Cortina, 1998, xvii+76 pp. (Italian)
- Kulturelle Symbolisierung, trans. Rolf Lachmann, Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 2000. (German)
- Süreç epistemolojisi bağlamında sembolizm, trans. Ramazan Ertürk, Ankara: A Yayınevi, 2000, 101 pp. (Turkish)
- Sembolizm: anlamı ve etkileri, trans. Kadir Yılmaz, İstanbul: Şule Yayınları, 2009. (Turkish)
- AE, The Aims of Education and Other Essays, New York: Macmillan, 1929; repr., 1959; Free Press, 1967, IA. Selection of lectures delivered between 1912 and 1928.
- Los fines de la educación y otros ensayos, trans. Dora Ivniski, Buenos Aires: Paidos, 1957; 1971, 234 pp. (Spanish)
- I fini dell'educazione e altri saggi, trans. Francesco Cafaro, Firenze: La nuova Italia, 1959, xxxvi+242 pp. (Italian)
- Os fins da educação e outros ensaios, trans. Leônidas Gontijo de Carvalho, São Paulo: Companhia Editora Nacional, 1969. (Brazilian Portuguese)
- Eğitimin gayeleri, trans. Sofi Huri, İstanbul: Milli Eğitim Basımevi, 1971. (Turkish)
- Les visées de l'éducation et autres essais, trans. Jean-Pascal Alcantara, Vincent Berne and Jean-Marie Breuvart, Mazy: Chromatika, 2011. (French)
- Die Ziele von Erziehung und Bildung: und andere Essays, ed., trans. & intro. Christoph Kann and Dennis Sölch, Berlin: Suhrkamp, 2012, 234 pp. (German)
- PR, Process and Reality: An Essay in Cosmology, New York: Macmillan, 1929, xii+547 pp; Cambridge University Press, 1929, xxiii+505 pp; corr.ed., eds. David Ray Griffin and Donald W. Sherburne, New York: Free Press, 1978, IA, OL. Gifford Lectures delivered in the University of Edinburgh during the session 1927-28.
- Proceso y realidad, trans. J. Rovira Armengol, Buenos Aires: Losada, 1956, 474 pp. (Spanish)
- Il processo e la realtà. Saggio di cosmologia, trans. Nynfa Bosco, Milan: Bompiani, 1965, 666 pp. (Italian)
- A Key to Whitehead's "Process and Reality", ed. Donald W. Sherburne, Indiana University Press, 1966, 263 pp, OL. Review: Ford (1966).
- Proces i realnost: rasprava s područja kozmologije, trans. Slavko Paleček, afterword Muhamed Filipović, Sarajevo: Veselin Masleša, 1968, 524 pp. (Croatian)
- "Proces a skutočnosť", in Antológia z diel filozofov, 8: Pragmatizmus, realizmus, fenomenológia, existencializmus, ed. Ján Bodnár, Bratislava: Epocha, 1969, pp 507-552. Partial trans. (Slovak)
- Prozess und Realität. Entwurf einer Kosmologie, trans. & afterword Hans Günter Holl, Frankfurt a.M.: Suhrkamp, 1979, 665 pp. [2] (German)
- Procès et réalité: essai de cosmologie, trans. Daniel Charles, Maurice Elie, Michel Fuchs, Jean-Luc Gautero, et al., Paris: Gallimard, 1995, 579 pp. (French) Review: Bouckaert (1995).
- Folyman és valóság: kozmológiai értekezés, trans. Fórisz Lászlo and Karsai Gábor, Budapest: Typotex Kiadó, 2001, 431 pp. (Hungarian)
- Guo cheng yu shi zai: yu zhou lun yan jiu [过程与实在 : 宇宙论硏究], 2003. (Chinese)
- Processo e realidade. Ensaio de cosmologia, trans. & intro. Maria Teresa Teixeira, Lisbon: Centro de Filosofia de Universidade de Lisboa, 2010, 439 pp. (Portuguese) Review: de Sousa & Morais (2012, EN). [3]
- FR, The Function of Reason, Princeton University Press, 1929, HTML. Luis Clark Vanuxem Foundation Lectures delivered at Princeton University in March 1929.
- "La fonction de la raison", in Whitehead, La fonction de la raison et autres essais, trans. & intro. Philippe Devaux, Paris: Payot, 1969; Paris: Payot & Rivages, 2007. (French)
- Die Funktion der Vernunft, trans. & ed. Eberhard Bubser, Stuttgart: P. Reclam, 1974, 79 pp. (German)
- La funzione della ragione, trans. Francesco Cafaro, Firenze: La nuova Italia, 1958, xx+98 pp. (Italian)
- La Función de la razón, trans. Lucila González Pazos, Madrid: Tecnos, 1985. (Spanish)
- A função da razão, trans. Fernando Didimo Vieira, Brasilia: Ed. Universidade de Brasilia, 1985, 43 pp. (Brazilian Portuguese)
- "Funkce Rozumu", trans. Michal Andrle, Teorie vědy 32:2, Prague, 2010, pp 143-186. (Czech)
- AI, Adventures of Ideas, New York: Macmillan, 1933; repr., New York: Free Press, 1967, IA. Collection of texts and lectures delivered at Darthmouth College in New Hampshire in 1926, at Bryn Mawr College in 1929-30 (chs. 1, 2, 3, 7, 8), at Columbia University in Mar 1932 (ch. 9), and at American Philosophical Society in Dec 1931 (ch. 11).
- Aventuras de las ideas, Buenos Aires: Fabril, 1961, 308 pp. (Spanish)
- Avventure d'idee, Milan: Bompiani, 1961, 376 pp. (Italian)
- partial trans., in Antológia z diel filozofov, 8: Pragmatizmus, realizmus, fenomenológia, existencializmus, ed. Ján Bodnár, Bratislava: Epocha, 1969. (Slovak)
- Abenteuer der Ideen, intro. Reiner Wiehl, trans. Eberhard Bubser, Frankfurt a.M.: Suhrkamp, 1971, 523 pp. (German)
- Aventures d'idées, trans. Jean-Marie Breuvart and Alix Parmentier, Paris: Ed. du Cerf, 1993, 392 pp. (French)
- Dobrodružství idejí, trans. Zdeněk Bígl, Prague: Oikoymenh, 2000, 291 pp. (Czech)
- Nature and Life, University of Chicago Press, 1934. Lectures delivered in the University of Chicago in 1933.
- Naturaleza y vida, trans. & notes, Risieri Frondizi, Buenos Aires: Universidad de Buenos Aires, 1941. (Spanish)
- Natura e vita, trans. G.M. Crespi, Milan: Bocca, 1951, 108 pp. (Italian)
- Naturen og livet, trans. Lorentz Eckhoff, Oslo: Cappelen, 1959, 55 pp. (Norwegian)
- Natura e storia, trans. Carlo Sini, Padova: RADAR, 1969, 182 pp. (Italian)
- "Nature et vie", in Whitehead, La fonction de la raison et autres essais, trans. & intro. Philippe Devaux, Paris: Payot, 1969; Paris: Payot & Rivages, 2007. (French)
- MT, Modes of Thought, New York: Macmillan, 1938, HTML, OL; repr., New York: The Free Press, 1968. Six lectures delivered in Wesleyan College, Massachussetts, in 1937-38, two in the University of Chicago in 1933 (published earlier as Nature and Life), and one at Harvard in 1935.
- Modos de pensamiento, trans. Joaquain Xirau, Buenos Aires: Losada, 1944, 199 pp. (Spanish)
- I modi del pensiero, trans. Pier Aldo Rovatti, Milan: Il saggiatore, 1972, 251 pp. (Italian)
- Denkweisen, ed., trans. & intro. Stascha Rohmer, Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 2001, 201 pp. (German)
- Modes de pensée, intro. Guillaume Durand, trans. Henri Vaillant, Paris: J. Vrin, 2004. (French)
Selected works[edit]
- ESP, Essays in Science and Philosophy, New York: Philosophical Library, 1947; New York: Greenwood Press, 1968, 348 pp.
- Philosophie und Mathematik: Vorträge und Essays, trans. Felizitas Ortner, Vienna: Humboldt, 1949, 214 pp. (German)
- Scienza e filosofia, trans. Ida Bona, Milan: Casa editore Il Saggiatore, 1966, 314 pp. (Italian)
- Matematika a dobro a jiné eseje, trans. František Marek and Ladislav Hejdánek, afterword Ladislav Hejdánek, Prague: Mladá fronta, 1970, 124 pp. (Czech)
- The Wit and Wisdom of Whitehead, ed. A.H. Johnson, Boston: Beacon Press, 1947.
- A.N. Whitehead: An Anthology, eds. F.S.C. Northrop and M.W. Gross, Cambridge University Press; New York: Macmillan, 1953, OL.
- D, Dialogues of Alfred North Whitehead, ed. Lucien Price, intro. David Rose, Little, Brown and Company, 1954. Recorded at his home in the years 1934-47.
- Izbrannye raboty po filosofii [Избранные работы по философии], trans. A.F. Gryaznov, intro. M.A. Kisselja, Moscow: Progress, 1990, 716 pp. (Russian)
Bibliography[edit]
Literature[edit]
Monographs[edit]
- The Philosophy of Alfred North Whitehead, ed. Paul Arthur Schilpp, Northwestern University, 1941, xviii+745 pp. Also includes Whitehead's "Autobiographical Notes" and lectures "Mathematics and the Good" (1939) and "Immortality" (1941). Review: Broad (1942).
- Victor Lowe, Understanding Whitehead, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1962, xvii+98 pp. Review: Lawrence (1964).
- Lewis S. Ford, The Emergence of Whitehead's Metaphysics, 1925-1929, SUNY Press, 1984, 351 pp. Review: Wood (1985), Eslick (1986).
- Victor Lowe, Alfred North Whitehead. The Man and His Work, 2 vols., Johns Hopkins University Press, 1985 & 1990, xi+351 & xi+389 pp. Biography. Reviews: Griffin (v1, 1986-87), Corrington (v1, 1987), Schlaretzki (v1, 1988), Griffin (v2, 1993). Commentary: Desmet (2007).
- George L. Kline (ed.), Alfred North Whitehead: Essays on His Philosophy, University Press of America, 1989. [4]
- Isabelle Stengers (ed.), L'Effet Whitehead, Paris: Vrin, 1994, 220 pp. Essays by J.-M. Breuvart, J. B. Cobb Jr, D. R. Griffin, D. Janicaud, B. Latour, I. Stengers, H. Vaillant, L. Vanzago. [5]. Review: Weber (1994, EN). (French)
- Isabelle Stengers, Penser avec Whitehead. Une libre et sauvage création de concepts, Paris: Seuil, 2002, 582 pp. Focuses on his Process and Reality, Science and the Modern World, and Concept of Nature. (French)
- Thinking with Whitehead, foreword Bruno Latour, trans. Michael Chase, Harvard University Press, 2011.
- Timothy E. Eastman, Hank Keeton (eds.), Physics and Whitehead: Quantum, Process, and Experience, SUNY Press, 2003. [6]
- Michael Epperson, Quantum Mechanics and the Philosophy of Alfred North Whitehead, Fordham University Press, 2004.
- Janusz A. Polanowski, Donald W. Sherburne (eds.), Whitehead's Philosophy: Points of Connection, SUNY Press, 2004, xiii+220 pp.
- Martin Kaplický, O estetických motivech ve filosofickém díle Alfreda North Whiteheada, Prague: Charles University, 2005, 52 pp. [7] (Czech)
- Didier Debaise, Un empirisme spéculatif: lecture de Procès et réalité de Whitehead, Paris: Vrin, 2006, 192 pp. (French)
- Speculative Empiricism: Revisiting Whitehead, trans. Tomas Weber, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2017, xix+177 pp.
- Steven Shaviro, Without Criteria: Kant, Whitehead, Deleuze, and Aesthetics, MIT Press, 2009, 192 pp.
- Keith Robinson (ed.), Deleuze, Whitehead, Bergson: Rhizomatic Connections, Palgrave Macmillan, 2009, 237 pp.
- Pierfrancesco Basile, Leibniz, Whitehead and the Metaphysics of Causation, Palgrave Macmillan, 2009, 174 pp.
- Rastislav Nemec, Náčrt Whiteheadovej procesuálnej filozofie, Trnava: Dobrá kniha, 2009, 184 pp. [8]. Reviews: Chabada (2010), Spišiaková (2011). (Slovak)
- Michal Andrle, Whiteheadova filosofie přírody, Červený Kostelec: Pavel Mervart, 2010. (Czech)
- Ronny Desmet (ed.), Whitehead: The Algebra of Metaphysics, Chromatika, 2010. [9]
- Ronald Faber, Andrea M. Stephenson (eds.), Secrets of Becoming. Negotiating Whitehead, Deleuze, and Butler, Fordham University Press, 2011.
- Michael Halewood, A.N. Whitehead and Social Theory: Tracing a Culture of Thought, London: Anthem Press, 2011, ARG.
- Nicholas Gaskill, A. J. Nocek (eds.), The Lure of Whitehead, University of Minnesota Press, 2014, 496 pp.
- Roland Faber, Andrew Goffey (eds.), The Allure of Things: Process and Object in Contemporary Philosophy, Bloomsbury, 2014. [10]
- more
Journals[edit]
Journal issues[edit]
- Process Studies 11(4): "Whitehead and Natural Science", ed. Dean R. Fowler, Winter 1981.
- Process Studies 14(4): "Whitehead and Other Philosophers", ed. Ernest Wolf-Gazo, Winter 1985.
- Process Studies 15(2): "Philosophy After Whitehead", ed. George R. Lucas, Jr., Summer 1986.
- Process Studies 17(4): "Whitehead and Education", ed. Donald W. Oliver, Winter 1988.
- Process Studies 21(4): "The Canadian Symposium on Whitehead's Metaphysics", ed. James Bradley, Winter 1992.
- Configurations 13(1): "Whitehead Now", eds. Steven Meyer and Elizabeth Wilson, Winter 2005. [11]
- Revue philosophique de la France et de l'Étranger 131(1): "Whitehead", 2006. (French)
- Theory, Culture & Society 25(4): Special Section on Alfred North Whitehead, ed. Michael Halewood, 2008.
- Teorie vědy 32(2): "Whitehead", Prague, 2010. (Czech)
- Process Studies 41(2): "Whitehead and the Analytic Tradition", eds. Franz Riffert and Ludwig Jaskolla, Fall/Winter 2012. [12]
Book chapters, Papers, Articles (selection)[edit]
- Max Bense, "Bertrand Russell and Alfred North Whitehead", Die Philosophie, Frankfurt: Suhrkamp, 1951, pp 86-104. (German)
- Max Bense, "Kosmologie und Literatur: Über Alfred N. Whitehead und Gertrude Stein", Texte und Zeiche: Eine literarische Zeitschrift 3:5 (1957), pp 512-525. (German)
- "Susanne K. Langer's Notes on Whitehead's Course on Philosophy of Nature", ed. Rolf Lachmann, Process Studies 26:1-2 (1997), pp 126-150. From 1927-1928 course.
- Ján Bodnár, Na hraniciach filozofie a vedy, Bratislava: Veda, 2005, pp 189-203. (Slovak)
- Michal Andrle, "Život a dílo Alfreda N. Whiteheada", Teorie vědy 32:2, Prague, 2010, pp 187-225. (Czech)
- Martina Chalupská, "Whiteheadovo pojetí kosmu jako organické jednoty", Pro-Fil (2014), pp 120-133. (Czech)
- Writings by Ronald Desmet.
Dictionary and encyclopedic entries[edit]
- J.J. O'Connor, E.F. Robertson, "Alfred North Whitehead", The MacTutor History of Mathematics, 2003.
- Andrew David Irvine, "Alfred North Whitehead", Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2013.
Bibliographies[edit]
- Introductions to Whitehead, at WhiteheadResearch.org
- at WhiteheadResearch.org