Digital humanities

Associated notions: humanities computing, cultural analytics, humanities 2.0.

Scholars

• Roger Bagnall
• David M. Berry
• Clare Birchall
• Rens Bod
• Roberto Busa
• Dan Cohen
• Patrick Conner
• Gregory Crane
• Johanna Drucker
• Alex Gil
• Michael A. Keller
• Matthew G. Kirschenbaum
• Donna Kurtz
• Ian Lancashire
• Alan Liu
• Peter Lunenfeld
• Laura Mandell
• Willard McCarty
• Josephine Miles
• Jonathan Moffett
• Wilhelm Ott
• Joseph Raben
• Peter Robinson
• Geoffrey Rockwell
• John Unsworth
• Roy Wisbey

Events

Recurrent

• ALLC conference, Cambridge, 1970; Edinburgh, 1972; Cardiff, 1974; Oxford, 1976; Birmingham, 1978; Cambridge, 1980; until 1988.
• Kolloquium über die Anwendung der Elektronischen Datenverarbeitung in den Geisteswissenschaften, U Tübingen, *1973. Held three times a year, organised by Wilhelm Ott.
• International Conference on Computing in the Humanities (ICCH), From the mid-1970s until 1987. A series held in the US (and Canada) biennially to alternate with the British CLLR meetings.
• International Conference of Computing and Philosophy (IACAP), *1986.
• Digital Humanities conferences, *1989. Organised by ADHO. Before the founding of ADHO in 2006, it was the joint conference of ACH and ALLC held annually with the venue alternating between Europe and North America.
• Digital Humanities Summer Institute, U Victoria, *2001.
• HASTAC conferences, *2007.
• THATCamp, The Humanities and Technology Camp, *2010. Year-long unconferences organised internationally.
• JADH conferences, *2011.
• Digital Humanities Australasia, *2012. Organised biennally by aaDH.

One-off

• Literary Data Processing Conference, Yorktown Heights, 1964. Organised by IBM.
• The Computational Turn workshop, Swansea U, Mar 2010.
• Online Humanities Scholarship: The Shape of Things to Come, Mar 2010. A Mellon Foundation conference at U Virginia.
• Google’s Digital Humanities Research Awards gives $1 million to 12 university DH research groups, Jul 2010. NYT coverage.

Institutions, centres, labs, associations

Global

• Association for Computers and the Humanities (ACH), *1978. Grew out of the ICCH conference. Member of ADHO.
• Text Encoding Initiative (TEI), *1987. A consortium developing methods for encoding humanities data in electronic form. As of May 2015 has 68 institutional members [1].
• International Association for Computing and Philosophy (IACAP), *2004. Conferences devoted to CAP are being held since 1986 [2].
• Alliance of Digital Humanities Organizations (ADHO). Founded in 2006 by ALLC, ACH and SDH/SEMI. Members: EADH, ACH, CSDH/SCHN, centerNet, aaDH, JADH.
• centerNet, *2007. An international network of about 100 digital humanities centers in 19 countries. Developed from a meeting hosted by NEH. Member of ADHO.

Europe

• Centre for Literary and Linguistic Computing (CLLC), Cambridge, *1963. Founded by Roy Wisbey as support for his work with Early Middle High German texts. Later transformed into ALLC.
• European Association for Digital Humanities (EADH), *1973. Before 2012 called the Association for Literary and Linguistic Computing (ALLC), and before that CLLC. Originated at King's College London. Member of ADHO.
• Zentrum für Datenverarbeitung [Computing Center], U Tübingen, *1973. Vice-director Wilhelm Ott (1973-2003).
• Uni Digital, U Bergen. Formerly Humanistisk Datasenter (HIT) / Norwegian Computing Center for the Humanities (NCCH) [3].
• Department of Digital Humanities at King's College London, *1991. Formerly the Centre for Computing in the Humanities.
• Department of Humanistic Informatics (Humanistisk informatikk), U Bergen. Co-founded by Espen Aarseth. [4]
• Humanities Advanced Technology and Information Institute, U Glasgow, Scotland, *1997.
• Institute for Textual Scholarship and Electronic Editing (ITSEE), U Birmingham, *c2005.
• Digital Humanities Platform at U Antwerp. Initiated by Thomas Crombez in 2010.
• UCL Centre for Digital Humanities, U College London, *2010. Dir. Melissa Terras.
• An Foras Feasa, The Institute for Research in Irish Historical and Cultural Traditions, National U Ireland, Maynooth, *c2011.
• Centre for Digital Humanities, a collaboration between U Amsterdam, VU Amsterdam and the Royal Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW); *2011.
• Minka Lab, Cologne, *2014.

North America

• Centre for Computing in the Humanities (CCH), U Toronto, *1986. Est. by Ian Lancashire; with support from IBM Canada. In 1996 merged into CHASS.
• Computing in the Humanities and Social Sciences (CHASS), U Toronto. Created in 1996 by merging the EPAS Computing Facility and the Centre for Computing in the Humanities, which had been separately serving social sciences and humanities disciplines at the university [5].
• Canadian Society for Digital Humanities / Société canadienne des humanités numériques (CSDH/SCHN), *1986. Formerly Consortium for Computers in the Humanities / Consortium pour ordinateurs en sciences humaines (SDH/SEMI). Member of ADHO.
• Institute for Advanced Technology in the Humanities, U Virginia, *1992.
• Center for Computer Analysis of Texts (CCAT), U Pennsylvania, *c1993.
• Roy Rosenzweig Center for History and New Media, George Mason U, Virginia, *1994.
• Maryland Institute for Technology in the Humanities, *1999.
• HASTAC (Humanities, Arts, Science and Technology Alliance and Collaboratory) network, founded in 2002 by Cathy N. Davidson (Duke U) and David Theo Goldberg (U California). Funded by the MacArthur Foundation Digital Media and Learning Competition.
• Office of Digital Humanities, *2006. Before 2008 the Digital Humanities Initiative. Launched by the National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH).
• Center for Public History and Digital Humanities, Cleveland State U, *2008.
• metaLAB (at) Harvard, *2010. Harvard U's "knowledge design" studio at the Berkman Center for Internet & Society.
• Initiative for Digital Humanities, Media, and Culture, Texas A&M U, *c2010.
• Electronic Textual Cultures Lab, U Victoria, Canada.
• Digital Humanities at Fordham U New York, an informal working group.
• UVic Maker Lab in the Humanities at U Victoria, *Sep 2012.
• Center for Digital Humanities, Princeton U Library, *2014.
• MetaLab at Harvard.
• Critical Making Lab at U Toronto.
• Deep Lab at Carnegie Mellon U, *Dec 2014.

Asia, Australia

• Australasian Association for Digital Humanities (aaDH), *2011. Member of ADHO.
• Japanese Association for Digital Humanities (JADH), *2011. Joined ADHO in 2013.
• Digital Humanities Research Group at U Western Sydney, *2012.

Mailing lists

• Ansaxnet, the oldest electronic discussion list for the humanities. Founded by Patrick Conner in 1986.
• Humanist. Started in May 1987 following the ICCH conference in Columbia, South Carolina. Founding editor Willard McCarty. Publication of ADHO and the Office for Humanities Communication (OHC), and an affiliated publication of the American Council of Learned Societies (ACLS). Welcoming message. Search.

Literature

Journals

• Computer and the Humanities, *1966. Founding editor Joseph Raben. The official journal of ACH. From the start invested in computing in the fields such as literary theory, musicology, or art history. Renamed Language Resources and Evaluation in 2005 by the time it diverged away from humanities computing.
• LLC: The Journal of Digital Scholarship in the Humanities, quarterly, *1986. Formerly Literary and Linguistic Computing. OA option for authors. The main print publication of ALLC. Published by Oxford University Press. Edited by Edward Vanhoutte.
• Southern Spaces, *2004. OA. Published by the Emory University Libraries, ed. Allen Tullos.
• Digital Medievalist. First issue in 2005. OA. Hosted at the University of Lethbridge, Canada, ed. Malte Rehbein.
• Digital Humanities Quarterly (DHQ), *2007. OA. Published by ADHO, ed. Julia Flanders, Brown U.
• Digital Studies / Le champ numérique, First volume in 2009. Published by CSDH/SCHN, in partnership with ADHO. Rptd. issues, 1992-2008.
• Journal of Digital Humanities, *2011. OA. Initiated by the PressForward project, produced by the Roy Rosenzweig Center for History and New Media. Ed. Daniel J. Cohen (2012-13), currently Lisa M. Rhody, Joan Fragaszy Troyano and Stephanie Westcott.

Textbooks

• Chris Manning, Hinrich Schütze, Foundations of Statistical Natural Language Processing, MIT Press, 1999.
• Christopher D. Manning, Prabhakar Raghavan, Hinrich Schütze, Introduction to Information Retrieval, Cambridge University Press, 2008.
• Ian H. Witten, Eibe Frank, Mark A. Hall, Data Mining: Practical Machine Learning Tools and Techniques, 3rd ed., Morgan Kaufmann, 2011. Book website. A companion book for the Weka software.
• Kevin Patrick Murphy, Machine Learning: a Probabilistic Perspective, MIT Press, 2012, 1104 pp. Book website.

Monographs

• Susan Schreibman, John Unsworth, Ray Siemens (eds.), A Companion to Digital Humanities, Oxford: Blackwell, 2004; new ed. as A New Companion to Digital Humanities, Oxford: Blackwell, (forthcoming 2015).
• Willard McCarty, Humanities Computing, Palgrave Macmillan, 2005; new ed., rev., 2014. [6] Review: Drucker (2007).
• Johanna Drucker, SpecLab: Digital Aesthetics and Projects in Speculative Computing, University of Chicago Press, 2009, 264 pp.
• Marilyn Deegan, Kathryn Sutherland (eds.), Text Editing, Print and the Digital World, Ashgate, 2009, 205 pp.
• Stephen Ramsay, Reading Machines: Toward an Algorithmic Criticism, University of Illinois Press, 2011, 98 pp.
• Matthew Gold (ed.), Debates in the Digital Humanities, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2012, 516 pp.
• David M. Berry (ed.), Understanding Digital Humanities, New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012. [7]
• Anne Burdick, Johanna Drucker, Peter Lunenfeld, Todd Presner, Jeffrey Schnapp, Digital_Humanities, MIT Press, 2012, 176 pp.
• Clare Mills, Michael Pidd, Esther Ward (eds.), Proceedings of the Digital Humanities Congress 2012, Sheffield: HRI Online Publications, 2014.
• Critical Keywords for the Digital Humanities, Lüneburg: Centre of Digital Cultures, Leuphana University, 2014.
• Paul Longley Arthur, Katherine Bode (eds.), Advancing Digital Humanities: Research, Methods, Theories, Palgrave Macmillan, 2014, 352 pp. [8] [9]

Book series

• Digital Humanities series of Digital Culture Books, *2013. Eds. Julie Thompson Klein, Tara MacPherson and Paul Conway.

Special issues of journals

• Culture Machine 12: "The Digital Humanities: Beyond Computing", ed. Federica Frabetti, Open Humanities Press, 2011.
• Differences 25(1): "In the Shadows of the Digital Humanities", eds. Ellen Rooney and Elizabeth Weed, 2014. [10]

Selected book chapters, articles, talks and interviews

Reflections and surveys of the field

• Roberto A. Busa, "Foreword: Perspectives on the Digital Humanities", in A Companion to Digital Humanities, eds. Susan Schreibman, Ray Siemens and John Unsworth, Oxford: Blackwell, 2004, pp xvi-xxi. Busa is often cited as the pioneer of both humanities computing and digital humanities; his work dates back to the late 1940s: "During the World War II, between 1941 and 1946, I began to look for machines for the automation of the linguistic analysis of written texts. I found them, in 1949, at IBM in New York City."
• Kathleen Smith, "Q&A With Brett Bobley, Director of the NEH’s Office of the Digital Humanities", HASTAC blogs, 1 Feb 2009.
• "The Future of the Digital Humanities", Feb 2009. Discussion hosted by HASTAC Scholars Michael Gavin and Kathleen Smith.
• Tara McPherson, "Introduction: Media Studies and the Digital Humanities", Cinema Journal 48:2 (Winter 2009), pp 119-123. Suggests a typology for the digital humanities that makes distinctions between the computing humanities, blogging humanities and multimodal humanities. The computing humanities focus on building tools, infrastructure, standards and collections whereas the blogging humanities are concerned with the production of networked media and peer-to-peer writing. The multimodal humanities bring together scholarly tools, databases, networked writing and peer-to-peer commentary while also leveraging the potential of the visual and aural media that are part of contemporary life. [11]
• "How do you define Humanities Computing / Digital Humanities?", Tapor, 2009-2011. Three surveys.
• "Manifeste des Digital humanities", Jul 2010. (French) Issued by the participants of THATCamp in Paris.
  • "Manifesto for the Digital Humanities", Jul 2010.
• Patrik Svensson, "The Landscape of Digital Humanities", Digital Humanities Quarterly 4:1 (Summer 2010).
• Chris Forster, "I’m Chris. Where Am I Wrong?", HASTAC blogs, 8 September 2010.
• Elijah Meeks, "The Digital Humanities as Imagined Community", Digital Humanities Specialist blog, 14 September 2010.
• David M. Berry, "The Computational Turn: Thinking About the Digital Humanities", Culture Machine 12 (2011), Open Humanities Press.
• Gary Hall, "On the limits of openness V: there are no digital humanities", in Media Gifts, 2011; later as "There Are No Digital Humanities", in Debates in the Digital Humanities, ed. Matthew Gold, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2012.
• Wendy Hui Kyong Chun, "The Dark Side of the Digital Humanities", January 2013. A talk given on 4 January 2013.

History of the field

• Willard McCarty, "Humanities Computing", in Encyclopedia of Library and Information Science, 2nd ed., eds. Marcia J. Bates and Mary Niles Maack, New York: M. Dekker, 2003, pp 1224-1235.
• Susan Hockey, "The History of Humanities Computing", in A Companion to Digital Humanities, eds. Schreibman, Unsworth, and Siemens, Blackwell, 2004.
• Patrik Svensson, "Humanities computing as digital humanities", Digital Humanities Quarterly 3:3 (2009). Analysis of humanities computing as a field prior and contemporarenous to the digital humanities.
• Sean Gouglas, et al., "Before the Beginning: The Formation of Humanities Computing as a Discipline in Canada", Digital Studies 3:1 (2012).
• Joris van Zundert, Karina van Dalen-Oskam, "Digital Humanities in the Netherlands", H-Soz-Kult, 28 Oct 2014. [12]

Early reports, conference proceedings and guidelines (1960s-1990s)

• Almanacco Letterario Bompiani: "Elettronica e letteratura", ed. Sergio Morando, Milan: Bompiani, 1961, pp 87-188. (Italian)
• Jess Bessinger, Stephen Parrish (eds.), Literary Data Processing Conference Proceedings, 1965. From 1964 conference held at Yorktown Heights. Papers discuss questions in encoding manuscript material and in automated sorting for concordances where both variant spellings and the lack of lemmatization are noted as serious impediments.
• R.A. Wisbey (ed.), The Computer in Literary and Linguistic Research, Cambridge University Press, 1971, 309 pp. Proceedings from a conference organised by Roy Wisbey and Michael Farringdon at the University of Cambridge in March 1970. Papers deal with the issues such as input, output, programming, lexicography, textual editing, language teaching, and stylistics.
• S. Lusignan, J. S. North (eds.), Computing in the Humanities: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Computing in the Humanities, Waterloo, Ontario: University of Waterloo Press, 1977.
• Roberto Busa, "The Annals of Humanities Computing: The Index Thomisticus", Computers and the Humanities 14 (1980), pp 83-90.
• Ian Lancashire, Willard McCarty (eds.), Humanities Computing Yearbook, 2 vols., Oxford University Press, 1988-90, 408+720 pp. Bibliography of projects, software, and publications.
• Text Encoding Initiative, Guidelines for Electronic Text Encoding and Interchange, 1994. The first systematic attempt to categorize and define all the features within humanities texts that might interest scholars.
• David Bearman (ed.), Research Agenda for Networked Cultural Heritage, Santa Monica, CA: Getty Art History Information Program, 1996.

Resources

• Digital Humanities Now.
• Introduction to Digital Humanities course by Johanna Drucker (with David Kim), UCLA, 2011-12. The page contains an online course book and related collection of resources.
• PressForward. An experiment in sourcing, evaluating, publishing, and crediting scholarly communication from the open web.
• Interviews on the Digital Humanities. N. Katherine Hayles interviews 18 scholars. Audio.
• Postcolonial Digital Humanities, founded and run by Adeline Koh and Roopika Risam.

Related

Spatial humanities, Digital geography, Spatial history, Interdisciplinary humanities, Multimodal publishing, Procedural humanities, Computational humanities.

See also

Software studies, Digital libraries, Classics

Links

• Digital humanities at Wikipedia

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