Difference between revisions of "Velimir Khlebnikov"

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{{Infobox artist
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|image = Velimir_Khlebnikov_1916.jpg
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|imagesize = 338px
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|caption = Khlebnikov in 1916. [http://dlib.rsl.ru/viewer/01005413233#?page=5]
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|birth_date = {{birth date|1885|11|9|mf=y}}
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|birth_place = Maloderbetovsky ulus, Astrakhan Governorate, Russian Empire (now Malye Derbety, Kalmykia
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|death_date = {{Death date and age|1922|6|28|1885|11|9|mf=y}}
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|death_place = Santalovo, Kresttsy county, Novgorod Governorate, Soviet Union
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|web = [[UbuWeb::http://www.ubu.com/sound/khlebnikov.html|Ubuweb Sound]], [[UbuWeb::http://www.ubu.com/sound/russian_futurists.html|Ubuweb Sound]], [[Wikipedia::http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velimir_Khlebnikov|Wikipedia]], [[Wikipedia::http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Хлебников,_Велимир|Wikipedia-RU]]
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}}
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'''Velimir Khlebnikov''' [Велимир Хлебников; born Viktor Vladimirovich Khlebnikov, Виктор Владимирович Хлебников; 1885-1922), was a Russian Futurist poet and playwright, also interested in mathematics, history, and mythology.
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{{TOC limit|3}}
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Khlebnikov grew up in an ornithologists’s family in a village near the Caspian Sea. He studied mathematics and the natural sciences at the Universities of Kazan’ and St. Petersburg, but never graduated. Khlebnikov began publishing poetry in 1908; by 1912 he was a leading member of the [[Futurism#Russia|Russian Futurists]]. The “verbal mastery” of his zaum’ poetry in ''[[#Khlebnikov1912b|A Slap in the Face of Public Taste]]'' astounded the poet and critic [[Roman Jakobson]], who later deemed him “the greatest world poet of our century.” In writing ''[[#Khlebnikov1922a|The Tables of Destiny]]'', his book of prophecy, Khlebnikov used algorithms to map the events of history and to anticipate the future. In 1912, for instance, he uncannily predicted the collapse of an empire in 1917. During the Civil War, he worked on propaganda posters. He died of malnutrition in Santalovo, in the Novgorod province. [http://www.getty.edu/art/exhibitions/tango_with_cows/tango_brochure.pdf#page=3 (Source)]
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==Chronology==
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''Based on chronology in Khlebnikov, ''The King of Time'', ed. Charlotte Douglas, 1985, pp 239-247.''
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<div class="dpl" style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; font-size:.95em">
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* 9 Nov 1885: K. born in village of Malye Derbety, ca. 80 km south of Volgograd.
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* 1903: Graduates from Kazan gymnasium; enters university.
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* 1908: Sends early poems to Ivanov. Moves to Petersburg; enters university.
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* 1909: Meets [[Kamensky]]. Publishes first literary piece.
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* 1910: Plans trip to Montenegro. Meets [[David Burliuk|Burliuk]] and [[Matyushin]]. Breaks with Ivanov and Symbolists. "Incantation by Laughter" published in [[Kulbin]]'s ''[http://leb.nlr.ru/edoc/396600/ Impressionists' Studio]'' [Студия импрессионистов]. The collection ''[[#Khlebnikov1910|A Jam for Judges]]'' [Садок Судей] published; includes "O Garden of Animals!".
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* 1911: Meets [[Mayakovsky]]. Working on theory of history.
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* 1912: Visits [[David Burliuk|Burliuk]] estate in southern Russia. ''[[#Khlebnikov1912a|A Game in Hell]]'' [Игра в аду] by K. and Kruchenykh. Contributes to ''[[#Khlebnikov1912b|A Slap in the Face of Public Taste]]'' [Пощёчина общественному вкусу]. ''[[#Khlebnikov1912c|The World in Reverse]]'' [Мирсконца] by K. and Kruchenykh.
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* 1913: Contributes to ''[[#Khlebnikov1913a|A Jam for Judges II]]'' [Садок Судей II]. ''Mrs. Laneen''. "Usa-Gali". "Nikolai". [[#Khlebnikov1913b|"The Word as Such"]] [Слово как таковое]. "The Letter as Such".
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* 1914: Breaks with [[David Burliuk|Burliuk]] over [[Marinetti]]. ''[[#Khlebnikov1914a|Selections of Poems]]'' [Изборник стихов]. ''[[#Khlebnikov1914b|Creations]]'' [Творения].
 +
* 1915: Writes "K" (pub. 1916).
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* 1916: Society of 317 (Presidents of Planet Earth) founded. Drafted into army. Stationed near Saratov.
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* 1917: Receives military furlough. In Kharkiv, writes "An Appeal by the Presidents of Planet Earth". In Moscow and Petrograd; with Tatlin plans program of 3 plays.
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* 1918: Works for newspapers in Nizhny Novgorod. Works for newspaper in Astrakhan; writes "October on the Neva".
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* 1919: Spends early spring in Moscow; contributes "The Head of the Universe" and "To the Artists of the World" to proposed collection, ''International of the Arts''. In military hospital with typhus.
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* 1920: In Kharkiv, after release from hospital. Arrives in Baku; works for newspaper and cultural-educational section of Volga-Caspian fleet. In Baku invents Laws of Time.
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* 1921: Sails from Baku to Enzeli, Persia. Returns to Russia; goes to Piatigorsk. Returns to Moscow.
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* 1922: Finishes ''Zangezi''. ''[[#Khlebnikov1922a|Excerpts from the Tables of Destiny]]'' [Отрывок из "Досок судьбы"] published. ''[[#Khlebnikov1922b|Zangezi]]'' [Зангези] printed. 28 June: K. dies in village of Santalovo.
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</div>
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[[Image:Kruchenykh_Khlebnikov_Igra_v_adu.jpg|thumb|350px|Kruchenykh, Khlebnikov, ''Igra v adu'', 1912, [http://archive.org/details/gri_000r33125008637932 IA].]]
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[[Image:Kruchenykh_Khlebnikov_Mirskontsa.jpg|thumb|350px|Kruchenykh, Khlebnikov, ''Mirskontsa'', 1912, [http://archive.org/details/gri_000r33125012656720 IA].]]
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[[Image:Kruchenykh_Khlebnikov_Slovo_kak_takovoe.jpg|thumb|350px|Kruchenykh, Khlebnikov, ''Slovo kak takovoe'', 1913, [[Media:Kruchenykh_Khlebnikov_Slovo_kak_takovoe_1913.pdf|PDF]], [http://archive.org/details/gri_000r33125008628873 IA].]]
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[[Image:Khlebnikov_Velimir_Izbornik_stikhov.jpg|thumb|350px|''Izbornik stikhov'', 1914, [http://elib.shpl.ru/ru/nodes/3193 JPG].]]
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[[Image:Khlebnikov_Velimir_Tvoreniya_1.jpg|thumb|350px|''Tvoreniya 1'', 1914, [[Media:Khlebnikov_Velimir_Tvoreniya_1906-1908_1914.pdf|PDF]], [http://elib.shpl.ru/ru/nodes/3197 JPG].]]
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[[Image:Khlebnikov_Velimir_Otryvok_iz_Dosok_sudby.jpg|thumb|350px|''Otryvok iz "Dosok sud'by"'', [1922], [http://elib.shpl.ru/ru/nodes/3195 JPG].]]
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[[Image:Khlebnikov_Velimir_Zangezi.jpg|thumb|350px|''Zangezi'', 1922, [http://elib.shpl.ru/ru/nodes/3191 JPG].]]
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==Works==
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===Books===
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* {{a|Khlebnikov1910}} Khlebnikov, et al., ''[[Media:Sadok_sudey_1910.pdf|Sadok sudey]]'' [Садок Судей], St Petersburg: Zhuravl' [Журавль], [Apr 1910], 131 pp, [http://shpl.dlibrary.org/ru/nodes/3203 JPG], [http://archive.org/details/gri_000r33125008498954 IA], [http://ruslit.traumlibrary.net/page/futuristy-sadoksudey.html HTML]. {{ru}}
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* {{a|Khlebnikov1912a}} with Aleksei Kruchenykh, ''[http://archive.org/details/gri_000r33125008637932 Igra v adu]'' [Игра в аду], Moscow, 1912.
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* {{a|Khlebnikov1912b}} Khlebnikov, et al., ''[http://monoskop.org/log/?p=6040 Poshechina obshestvennomu vkusu. V zashchitu svobodnogo iskusstva. Stikhi, proza, stat'i]'' [Пощёчина общественному вкусу. В защиту свободного искусства: Стихи, проза, статьи], Moscow: Georgy L. Kuzmin, Moscow, Dec 1912, 114 pp. {{ru}}
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* {{a|Khlebnikov1912c}} with Aleksei Kruchenykh, ''[http://archive.org/details/gri_000r33125012656720 Mirskontsa]'' [Мирсконца], [Moscow]: [Kuzmin & Dolinsky], 1912, 43 pp. {{ru}}
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* {{a|Khlebnikov1913a}} Khlebnikov, et al., ''[[Media:Sadok_sudey_II_1913.pdf|Sadok sudey 2]]'', Moscow: Zhuravl' [Журавль], 1913, [http://ruslit.traumlibrary.net/page/futuristy-sadoksudey2.html HTML], [http://ru.wikisource.org/wiki/Садок_Судей_II WS-RU]. {{ru}}
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* with Aleksei Kruchenykh, ''[http://archive.org/stream/gri_000r33125008662815#page/n1/mode/2up Bukh liesinnyi]'' [Бух лесинный], St Petersburg: EUY, [1913], [23] pp. [http://leb.nlr.ru/edoc/399063/]
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* Khlebnikov, et al., ''[http://archive.org/details/gri_000r33125008638260 Troe]'', St Petersburg: Zhuravl', 1913, 52 pp. {{ru}}
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* {{a|Khlebnikov1913b}} with Aleksei Kruchenykh, ''[[Media:Kruchenykh_Khlebnikov_Slovo_kak_takovoe_1913.pdf|Slovo kak takovoe]]'' [Слово как таковое; The Word as Such], [Moscow]: [EUY], [1913], 15 pp, [http://archive.org/details/gri_000r33125008628873 IA]. {{ru}}
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* Khlebnikov, et al., ''[[Media:Khlebnikov_et_al_Zatychka_sbornik_risunki_stikhi_1913.pdf|Zatychka, sbornik: risunki, stikhi]]'' [The Bung: A Collection], Moscow: Gileya, 1913, 13+[4] pp, [http://archive.org/details/gri_000r33125010718191 IA]. {{ru}}
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* {{a|Khlebnikov1914a}} ''[http://elib.shpl.ru/ru/nodes/3193 Izbornik stikhov s poslesloviyem Rechyarya]'' [Изборник стихов с послесловием Речяря], St Petersburg: EUY [ЕУЫ], 1914, [http://archive.org/details/gri_000r33125012238776 IA]. {{ru}}
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* ''[http://elib.shpl.ru/ru/nodes/3196 Ryav! Perchatki (1908-1914 gg.)]'' [Ряв! Перчатки (1908-1914 гг.)], Petrograd: EUY [ЕУЫ], 1914. {{ru}}
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* {{a|Khlebnikov1914b}} ''[[Media:Khlebnikov_Velimir_Tvoreniya_1906-1908_1914.pdf|Tvoreniya: T. 1: 1906-1908]]'' [Творения: Т. 1: 1906-1908; Creations, 1906-1908], Moscow: Izd. "Pervogo zhurnala russkikh futuristov", 1914, 106+[8] pp, [http://archive.org/details/gri_000r33125010859870 IA], [http://elib.shpl.ru/ru/nodes/3197 JPG].  {{ru}}
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* with Aleksei Kruchenykh, ''[http://elib.shpl.ru/ru/nodes/3185 Sarinnaya lyubov. Bukh lesinyy]'' [Старинная любовь. Бух лесиный], [Petrograd]: EUY [ЕУЫ], 1914, [http://archive.org/details/gri_000r33125008663409 IA], [http://archive.org/details/gri_000r33125008662815 IA]. {{ru}}
 +
* with Aleksei Kruchenykh, ''[http://archive.org/details/gri_000r33125010870794 Te li le]'', [St Petersburg]: [EUY], 1914, 18 pp. {{ru}}
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* with Aleksei Kruchenykh, ''[http://archive.org/details/gri_000r33125008637932 Igra v adu]'', [Moscow]: [Kuzmin & Dolinsky], 1914, 27 pp, [http://archive.org/details/gri_000r33125008638997 IA]. {{ru}}
 +
* Khlebnikov, et al., ''[[Media:Futuristy_Rykayushchiy_Parnas_1914.pdf|Futuristy. Rykayushchiy Parnas]]'' [Футуристы. Рыкающий Парнас], St Petersburg: Zhuravl, 1914, 120 pp, [https://archive.org/details/futuristy_rykayushchiy_parnas IA].
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* ''[http://elib.shpl.ru/ru/nodes/3190 Vremya mera ira]'' [Время мера мира], Petrograd, 1916. {{ru}}
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* Khlebnikov, et al., ''[http://elib.shpl.ru/ru/nodes/3199 Chetyre stitsy. Sbornik stikhov]'' [Четыре птицы. Сборник стихов], Moscow: К., 1916. {{ru}}
 +
* Khlebnikov, et al., ''[http://elib.shpl.ru/ru/nodes/3525 Vremennik]'' [Временник], Moscow: B. i., 1917. {{ru}}
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* Khlebnikov, et al., ''[http://elib.shpl.ru/ru/nodes/3202 Rzhanoe slovo. Revolyutsionnaya khrestomatiya futuristov]'' [Ржаное слово. Революционная хрестоматия футуристов], Petrograd: IMO, 1918. {{ru}}
 +
 
 +
* with Aleksei Kruchenykh and Tatiana Tolstaya, ''[http://archive.org/details/gri_33125012247975 Mir i ostalnoe]'', Baku, 1920, 93 pp. {{ru}}
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* Khlebnikov, et al., ''[http://elib.shpl.ru/ru/nodes/3531 Liren]'' [Лирень], V.m., 1920, 40 pp. {{ru}}
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* ''[http://elib.shpl.ru/ru/nodes/3194 Noch' v okope]'' [Ночь в окопе], Moscow: Imazhinisty, 1921. {{ru}}
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* {{a|Khlebnikov1922a}} ''[http://elib.shpl.ru/ru/nodes/3195 Otryvok iz "Dosok sud'by"]'' [Отрывок из "Досок судьбы"], [Мoscow], [1922]. {{ru}}
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* {{a|Khlebnikov1922b}} ''[http://elib.shpl.ru/ru/nodes/3191 Zangezi]'' [Зангези], Moscow, 1922. {{ru}}
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* ''[http://dlib.rsl.ru/viewer/01005040748#?page=1 Zapisnaya knizhka]'' [Записная книжка], ed. A. Kruchenykh, Moscow: Vserossiyskiy soyuz poetov, 1925, 30 pp. {{ru}}
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* ''[http://elib.shpl.ru/ru/nodes/3192 Zverinets (K dvadtsatiletiyu so dnya napechataniya). 2. Pis'mo Khlebnikova. 3. Vospominaniya o Khlebnikove]'' [Зверинец (К двадцатилетию со дня напечатания). 2. Письмо Хлебникова. 3. Воспоминания о Хлебникове], Moscow: Gruppa druzey Khlebnikova, 1930. {{ru}}
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; More
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* [http://ruslit.traumlibrary.net/page/hlebnikov.html More works, in HTML]
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===Collected writings===
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; in Russian
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* ''[http://dlib.rsl.ru/viewer/01005316339#?page=1 Izbrannye stikhotvoreniya]'' [Избранные стихотворения], ed. N. Stepanov, Moscow: Sov. pisatel, 1936, 507 pp. {{ru}}
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* ''Sobranie proizvedeniy'' [Собрание произведений], 5 vols., ed. N.L. Stepanov, Leningrad: Izd-vo pisateley v Leningrade, 1928-33, [http://dlib.rsl.ru/viewer/01005413224#?page=1 RSL/1], [http://dlib.rsl.ru/viewer/01005423495#?page=1 RSL/2], [http://imwerden.de/publ-4626.html PDF/3], [http://dlib.rsl.ru/viewer/01005423725#?page=1 RSL/3], [http://imwerden.de/publ-4653.html PDF/4], [http://dlib.rsl.ru/viewer/01005413233#?page=1 RSL/4], [http://imwerden.de/publ-5061.html PDF/5], [http://dlib.rsl.ru/viewer/01005413244#?page=1 RSL/5]. {{ru}}
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* ''[http://www.rvb.ru/hlebnikov/mat/contents.htm Tvoreniya]'' [Творения], Moscow, 1986. {{ru}}
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 +
* ''Sobranie sochineiy'' [Собрание сочинений], 6 vols., 2000-06, [http://imwerden.de/pdf/khlebnikov_ss_tom1_2000_text.pdf PDF/1], [http://imwerden.de/pdf/khlebnikov_ss_tom2_2001_text.pdf PDF/2], [http://imwerden.de/pdf/khlebnikov_ss_tom3_2002_text.pdf PDF/3], [http://imwerden.de/pdf/khlebnikov_ss_tom4_2003_text.pdf PDF/4], [http://imwerden.de/pdf/khlebnikov_ss_tom5_2004_text.pdf PDF/5], [http://imwerden.de/pdf/khlebnikov_ss_tom6.1_2005_text.pdf PDF/6-1], [http://imwerden.de/pdf/khlebnikov_ss_tom6.2_2006_text.pdf PDF/6-2]. {{ru}}
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; in English
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* ''[[Media:Khlebnikov_Velimir_The_King_of_Time_Selected_Writings_of_the_Russian_Futurian.pdf|The King of Time. Selected Writings of the Russian Futurian]]'', ed. Charlotte Douglas, trans. Paul Schmidt, Harvard University Press, 1985, 255 pp. {{en}}
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* ''[[Media:Khlebnikov_Velimir_Collected_Works_1_Letters_and_Theoretical_Writings.pdf|Collected Works of Velimir Khlebnikov, 1: Letters and Theoretical Writings]]'', ed. Charlotte Douglas, trans. Paul Schmidt, Harvard University Press, 1987, xii+452 pp. {{en}}
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* ''[[Media:Khlebnikov_Velimir_Collected_Works_2_Prose_Plays_and_Supersagas.pdf|Collected Works of Velimir Khlebnikov, 2: Prose, Plays, and Supersagas]]'', ed. Ronald Vroon, trans. Paul Schmidt, Harvard University Press, 1989, xii+403 pp. [http://books.google.com/books?id=ZbgPWn-4ansC&printsec=frontcover] {{en}}
 +
* ''[[Media:Khlebnikov_Velimir_Collected_Works_3_Selected_Poems.pdf|Collected Works of Velimir Khlebnikov, 3: Selected Poems]]'', ed. Ronald Vroon, trans. Paul Schmidt, Harvard University Press, 1998, x+274 pp. {{en}}
 +
 
 +
===Selected writings===
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* ''Deň modrých medveďov'', trans. Milan Ferko, Bratislava: Slovenský spisovateľ, 1969, 142 pp. [https://www.databazeknih.cz/knihy/den-modrych-medvedov-136419?show=binfo] {{sk}}
 +
 
 +
===Selected essays===
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* [[Velimir_Khlebnikov/Radio_budushego_1921_1927|"Radio budushego"]] [Радио будущего], ''Krasnaya nov'' [Красная новь] 8, Moscow, 1927, pp 185-187. Written 1921. {{ru}}
 +
** [[Velimir_Khlebnikov/Radio_budushego_1921_1927#Radio_of_the_Future|"Radio of the Future"]], in Khlebnikov, trans. Paul Schmidt, ''The King of Time'', 1985, pp 155-159; repr. in Khlebnikov ''Collected Works, 1'', 1987, pp 392-396. {{en}}
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 +
==Literature==
 +
* Roman Jakobson, ''Noviyshaya russkaya poeziya: Nabrosok pervyi. Viktor Khlebnikov'' [Новљйшая русская поезия], Prague: Tipografija, 1921, 68 pp. [http://comenius-bibl.wz.cz/Jakobson.html#1921] {{ru}}
 +
** "Modern Russian Poetry: Velimir Khlebnikov", in ''Major Soviet Writers: Essays in Criticism'', ed. E.J.Brown, Oxford University Press, 1973, pp 58-82. {{en}}
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** [[#Jakobson1921|more translations]]
 +
* Vladimir Mayakovsky, [http://www.ruthenia.ru/sovlit/j/335.html "V.V. Khlebnikov"] [В.В. Хлебников], ''Krasnaya nov'' [Красная новь] 4, Moscow, 1922, pp 303-306. {{ru}}
 +
* D. Kozlov (Д. Козлов), [http://hlebnikov.lit-info.ru/hlebnikov/vospominaniya/kozlov.htm "Novoe o Velemire Khlebnikove"] [Новое о Велемире Хлебникове. (Воспоминания)], ''Krasnaya nov'' [Красная новь] 8, Moscow, 1927, pp 177-188. {{ru}}
 +
 
 +
* Nikolay Stepanov, ''[http://imwerden.de/cat/modules.php?name=books&pa=showbook&pid=3888 Velimir Khlebnikov: zhizn i tvorchestvo]'' [Велимир Хлебников: жизнь и творчество], 1975. {{ru}}
 +
* Salomon Mirsky, ''[http://digi20.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/fs1/object/display/bsb00047414_00002.html Der Orient im Werk Velimir Chlebnikovs]'', Munich: Sagner, 1975, 121 pp. {{de}}
 +
* Barbara Lönnqvist, ''[http://su.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:472870/FULLTEXT01.pdf Xlebnikov and Carnival: An Analysis of the Poem Poet]'', Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell, 1979, 166 pp. {{en}}
 +
* ''Russian Literature'' 9(1): "The Russian Avant-Garde III" (Jan 1981). [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03043479/9/1] {{en}}
 +
* Peter Stobbe, ''[http://digi20.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/fs1/object/display/bsb00050443_00002.html Utopisches Denken bei V. Chlebnikov]'', Munich: Sagner, 1982, 164 pp. {{de}}
 +
* Nils Åke Nilsson (ed.), ''[http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:472423/FULLTEXT01.pdf Velimir Chlebnikov: A Stockholm Symposium]'', Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell, 1985, 150 pp. {{en}}
 +
* Johannes Holthusen (ed.), ''[http://digi20.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/fs1/object/display/bsb00057054_00001.html Velimir Chlebnikov]'', Munich: Sagner, 1986. {{de}},{{ru}},{{en}}
 +
* Raymond Cooke, ''[http://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=610271C90A25E27B28F0AE03EC9B4EB5 Velimir Khlebnikov: A Critical Study]'', Cambridge University Press, 1987. {{en}}
 +
* Ronald Vroon (Роналд Вроон), [http://imwerden.de/cat/modules.php?name=books&pa=showbook&pid=2687 "Khlebnikov i Platonov: predvaritelnye zametki"] [Хлебников и Платонов: предварительные заметки], in ''Yazyk kak tvorchestvo'', Moscow, 1996, pp 55-65. {{ru}}
 +
* Andrey Shishkin (Андрей Борисович Шишкин), [http://imwerden.de/cat/modules.php?name=books&pa=showbook&pid=1649 "Velimir Khlebnikov na 'Bashne' Vyacheslava Ivanova"] [Велимир Хлебников на "Башне" Вячеслава Иванова], ''NLO'' 17 (1996), pp 141-167. {{ru}}
 +
* Marjorie Perloff, [http://marjorieperloff.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/06/PLch4.pdf "The Pursuit of Number: Yeats, Khlebnikov, and the Mathematics of Modernism"], ch. 4 in Perloff, ''Poetic License: Essays on Modernist and Postmodernist Lyric'', Northwestern University Press, 1990, pp 71-98, n316-319. {{en}}
 +
* http://www.ka2.ru/nauka/
 +
 
 +
==See also==
 +
* [[Aleksei Kruchenykh]]
 +
* [[Russia#Avant-garde]]
 +
 
 +
==Links==
 +
* [http://www.hlebnikov.com/ The World of Velimir Khlebnikov]
 +
* [http://www.hlebnikov.ru/ Мир Велимира Хлебникова]
 +
* [http://www.rvb.ru/hlebnikov/ Khlebnikov in Russkaya virtualnaya biblioteka]
 +
 
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[[Category:Futurism]] {{featured_article}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Khlebnikov, Velimir}}

Latest revision as of 00:06, 26 May 2022


Khlebnikov in 1916. [1]
Born November 9, 1885(1885-11-09)
Maloderbetovsky ulus, Astrakhan Governorate, Russian Empire (now Malye Derbety, Kalmykia
Died June 28, 1922(1922-06-28) (aged 36)
Santalovo, Kresttsy county, Novgorod Governorate, Soviet Union
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Velimir Khlebnikov [Велимир Хлебников; born Viktor Vladimirovich Khlebnikov, Виктор Владимирович Хлебников; 1885-1922), was a Russian Futurist poet and playwright, also interested in mathematics, history, and mythology.

Khlebnikov grew up in an ornithologists’s family in a village near the Caspian Sea. He studied mathematics and the natural sciences at the Universities of Kazan’ and St. Petersburg, but never graduated. Khlebnikov began publishing poetry in 1908; by 1912 he was a leading member of the Russian Futurists. The “verbal mastery” of his zaum’ poetry in A Slap in the Face of Public Taste astounded the poet and critic Roman Jakobson, who later deemed him “the greatest world poet of our century.” In writing The Tables of Destiny, his book of prophecy, Khlebnikov used algorithms to map the events of history and to anticipate the future. In 1912, for instance, he uncannily predicted the collapse of an empire in 1917. During the Civil War, he worked on propaganda posters. He died of malnutrition in Santalovo, in the Novgorod province. (Source)

Chronology[edit]

Based on chronology in Khlebnikov, The King of Time, ed. Charlotte Douglas, 1985, pp 239-247.

  • 9 Nov 1885: K. born in village of Malye Derbety, ca. 80 km south of Volgograd.
  • 1903: Graduates from Kazan gymnasium; enters university.
  • 1908: Sends early poems to Ivanov. Moves to Petersburg; enters university.
  • 1909: Meets Kamensky. Publishes first literary piece.
  • 1910: Plans trip to Montenegro. Meets Burliuk and Matyushin. Breaks with Ivanov and Symbolists. "Incantation by Laughter" published in Kulbin's Impressionists' Studio [Студия импрессионистов]. The collection A Jam for Judges [Садок Судей] published; includes "O Garden of Animals!".
  • 1911: Meets Mayakovsky. Working on theory of history.
  • 1912: Visits Burliuk estate in southern Russia. A Game in Hell [Игра в аду] by K. and Kruchenykh. Contributes to A Slap in the Face of Public Taste [Пощёчина общественному вкусу]. The World in Reverse [Мирсконца] by K. and Kruchenykh.
  • 1913: Contributes to A Jam for Judges II [Садок Судей II]. Mrs. Laneen. "Usa-Gali". "Nikolai". "The Word as Such" [Слово как таковое]. "The Letter as Such".
  • 1914: Breaks with Burliuk over Marinetti. Selections of Poems [Изборник стихов]. Creations [Творения].
  • 1915: Writes "K" (pub. 1916).
  • 1916: Society of 317 (Presidents of Planet Earth) founded. Drafted into army. Stationed near Saratov.
  • 1917: Receives military furlough. In Kharkiv, writes "An Appeal by the Presidents of Planet Earth". In Moscow and Petrograd; with Tatlin plans program of 3 plays.
  • 1918: Works for newspapers in Nizhny Novgorod. Works for newspaper in Astrakhan; writes "October on the Neva".
  • 1919: Spends early spring in Moscow; contributes "The Head of the Universe" and "To the Artists of the World" to proposed collection, International of the Arts. In military hospital with typhus.
  • 1920: In Kharkiv, after release from hospital. Arrives in Baku; works for newspaper and cultural-educational section of Volga-Caspian fleet. In Baku invents Laws of Time.
  • 1921: Sails from Baku to Enzeli, Persia. Returns to Russia; goes to Piatigorsk. Returns to Moscow.
  • 1922: Finishes Zangezi. Excerpts from the Tables of Destiny [Отрывок из "Досок судьбы"] published. Zangezi [Зангези] printed. 28 June: K. dies in village of Santalovo.
Kruchenykh, Khlebnikov, Igra v adu, 1912, IA.
Kruchenykh, Khlebnikov, Mirskontsa, 1912, IA.
Kruchenykh, Khlebnikov, Slovo kak takovoe, 1913, PDF, IA.
Izbornik stikhov, 1914, JPG.
Tvoreniya 1, 1914, PDF, JPG.
Otryvok iz "Dosok sud'by", [1922], JPG.
Zangezi, 1922, JPG.

Works[edit]

Books[edit]

  • Khlebnikov, et al., Sadok sudey [Садок Судей], St Petersburg: Zhuravl' [Журавль], [Apr 1910], 131 pp, JPG, IA, HTML. (Russian)
  • with Aleksei Kruchenykh, Igra v adu [Игра в аду], Moscow, 1912.
  • Khlebnikov, et al., Poshechina obshestvennomu vkusu. V zashchitu svobodnogo iskusstva. Stikhi, proza, stat'i [Пощёчина общественному вкусу. В защиту свободного искусства: Стихи, проза, статьи], Moscow: Georgy L. Kuzmin, Moscow, Dec 1912, 114 pp. (Russian)
  • with Aleksei Kruchenykh, Mirskontsa [Мирсконца], [Moscow]: [Kuzmin & Dolinsky], 1912, 43 pp. (Russian)
  • Khlebnikov, et al., Sadok sudey 2, Moscow: Zhuravl' [Журавль], 1913, HTML, WS-RU. (Russian)
  • with Aleksei Kruchenykh, Bukh liesinnyi [Бух лесинный], St Petersburg: EUY, [1913], [23] pp. [2]
  • Khlebnikov, et al., Troe, St Petersburg: Zhuravl', 1913, 52 pp. (Russian)
  • with Aleksei Kruchenykh, Slovo kak takovoe [Слово как таковое; The Word as Such], [Moscow]: [EUY], [1913], 15 pp, IA. (Russian)
  • Khlebnikov, et al., Zatychka, sbornik: risunki, stikhi [The Bung: A Collection], Moscow: Gileya, 1913, 13+[4] pp, IA. (Russian)
  • Vremya mera ira [Время мера мира], Petrograd, 1916. (Russian)
  • Khlebnikov, et al., Chetyre stitsy. Sbornik stikhov [Четыре птицы. Сборник стихов], Moscow: К., 1916. (Russian)
  • Khlebnikov, et al., Vremennik [Временник], Moscow: B. i., 1917. (Russian)
  • with Aleksei Kruchenykh and Tatiana Tolstaya, Mir i ostalnoe, Baku, 1920, 93 pp. (Russian)
  • Khlebnikov, et al., Liren [Лирень], V.m., 1920, 40 pp. (Russian)
  • Noch' v okope [Ночь в окопе], Moscow: Imazhinisty, 1921. (Russian)
  • Otryvok iz "Dosok sud'by" [Отрывок из "Досок судьбы"], [Мoscow], [1922]. (Russian)
  • Zangezi [Зангези], Moscow, 1922. (Russian)
  • Zapisnaya knizhka [Записная книжка], ed. A. Kruchenykh, Moscow: Vserossiyskiy soyuz poetov, 1925, 30 pp. (Russian)
More

Collected writings[edit]

in Russian
  • Izbrannye stikhotvoreniya [Избранные стихотворения], ed. N. Stepanov, Moscow: Sov. pisatel, 1936, 507 pp. (Russian)
  • Sobranie proizvedeniy [Собрание произведений], 5 vols., ed. N.L. Stepanov, Leningrad: Izd-vo pisateley v Leningrade, 1928-33, RSL/1, RSL/2, PDF/3, RSL/3, PDF/4, RSL/4, PDF/5, RSL/5. (Russian)
  • Tvoreniya [Творения], Moscow, 1986. (Russian)
in English

Selected writings[edit]

  • Deň modrých medveďov, trans. Milan Ferko, Bratislava: Slovenský spisovateľ, 1969, 142 pp. [4] (Slovak)

Selected essays[edit]

  • "Radio budushego" [Радио будущего], Krasnaya nov [Красная новь] 8, Moscow, 1927, pp 185-187. Written 1921. (Russian)
    • "Radio of the Future", in Khlebnikov, trans. Paul Schmidt, The King of Time, 1985, pp 155-159; repr. in Khlebnikov Collected Works, 1, 1987, pp 392-396. (English)

Literature[edit]

  • Roman Jakobson, Noviyshaya russkaya poeziya: Nabrosok pervyi. Viktor Khlebnikov [Новљйшая русская поезия], Prague: Tipografija, 1921, 68 pp. [5] (Russian)
    • "Modern Russian Poetry: Velimir Khlebnikov", in Major Soviet Writers: Essays in Criticism, ed. E.J.Brown, Oxford University Press, 1973, pp 58-82. (English)
    • more translations
  • Vladimir Mayakovsky, "V.V. Khlebnikov" [В.В. Хлебников], Krasnaya nov [Красная новь] 4, Moscow, 1922, pp 303-306. (Russian)
  • D. Kozlov (Д. Козлов), "Novoe o Velemire Khlebnikove" [Новое о Велемире Хлебникове. (Воспоминания)], Krasnaya nov [Красная новь] 8, Moscow, 1927, pp 177-188. (Russian)

See also[edit]

Links[edit]

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