Central and Eastern Europe
Contents
Croatia
- a group of Zagreb-based experimentators, Vjenceslav Richter, Ivan Picelj, Julije Knifer, Aleksandar Srnec, and others who founded Exat 51 group, and organised New Tendencies exhibition series (1961-73).
- Vojin Bakić
- Vlado Kristl
- Miroslav Šutej
- Juraj Dobrović
- Koloman Novak
- Fedora Orebić
- Ante Vulin
- Vilko Žiljak
- Tomislav Mikulić
- Braco Dimitrijević
- Goran Trbuljak
Serbia
- Petar Milojević
- Rechenzentrum des Instituts Boris Kidrič, Vinča
- Zoran Radović
- László Szalma
- Bálint Szombathy
Macedonia
Czech Republic
- Media art in Czech Republic
- Jiří Bielecki
- Jarmila Cihankova
- Radoslav Kratina
- Jiří Hilmar
- Hugo Demartini, neo-constructivist
- Stanislav Kolibal, neo-constructivist
- Jan Kubiček, neo-constructivist
Slovakia
Hungary
Poland
- Media art in Poland
- Edward Krasinski
- Henryk Stażewski, a member of many international groups before the war, not only remained influential, but continued his artistic career almost till the end of his long life (died in 1988)
- Katarzyna Kobro (died in early 1950s)
- Władysław Strzemiński (died in early 1950s)
former GDR (Eastern Germany)
- Hermann Glöckner, a very active artist almost till the end of his very long live (died in 1987), i.e. till the eighties, however, his influences among young East-German artists were not very significant
Romania
former Soviet Union (Russia)
- Dvizheniye (Movement) group (early 1960s-1970s)
- ARGO group (early 1970s)
- Viacheslav Koleichuk, one of the leaders of constructivist art in Russia.
- Works
- Cybertheater, 1967, Lev Nusberg and the 'Movement' Group. A 20 m2 complex of kinetic "cyber-creatures", mostly 130 X 80 cm. Members of the Russian 'Movement' Group built in St. Petersburg (then, Leningrad) cyber-creatures, or "cybers", which had five to six degrees of freedom. In this theater of artificial creatures, the actors were capable of controlling the color and intensity of the lights, as well as sounds and smells. A color film was planned by the "Movement" Group. A much bigger and more complex programmed "Cybertheater" was also projected.
- CD Mrs. Lenin. Electro-Acoustic music from the Theremin Center, http://payplay.fm/theremincenter
- Events
- 1965 - Exhibition - Kinetic Art, Dvizheniye (Movement) group, House of Architect, Leningrad
- 1967 - EXPO '67, Soviet Pavilion, Montreal, Canada
- 1978 - Science and Art, House of Scientists, exhibition, Moscow
- 1979 - Colour - Form - Space, Exhibition Hall on Malaja Gruzinskaja, exhibition, Moscow
- 1987 - Retrospection of Moscow Unofficial Art (1957-1987), Exhibition Hall of the association "Ermitazh" in Belajevo, Moscow
- 1988 - Geometry in Art, Exhibition Hall on Kashirskaja, Moscow
- 1996 - Concert program for Lev Theremin’s 100 anniversary.
- 1997 - The Theremin Center. The Multimedia Concert Program at Russian Musical Academy, Moscow.
- Predecessors
- VKhUTEMAS, Russian architectural avant-garde school 1920-1930 in Moscow. Together with the French rationalism, German and Dutch functionalism it is a turning point in the historical development of the world architectural process. [1] [2] Tomáš Štrauss (1998) pp 180-182
- 1921 exhibition of Constructivist art, put together by Obmokhu, or the Society of Young Artists, a group founded in 1919 by recent graduates of the First State Free Art Studios [3]
- Wladimir Baranoff-Rossine, in 1924 he had the first presentation of his optophonic piano during a performance at the Bolshoi Theatre in Moscow - a synaesthetic instrument that was capable of creating sounds and coloured lights, patterns and textures simultaneously.
- Resources
- Russian Avantgarde Foundation [4]
- Bibliography
- Bibliography of Articles Published in Leonardo on Art, Science and Technology in the Former Soviet Union [5]
Electro-acoustic music studios and societies
- Polish Radio Experimental Studio Warszawa - SEPR, *1957 (director: Marek Zwyrzykowski)
- Studio of Experimental Music Plzeň, *1965
- Experimental Studio of Slovak Radio & CECM Bratislava, *1965
- Budapest New Music Studio *1970
- Electro-acoustic Music Studio at the Academy of Music in Krakow - SME, *1973 (director: Marek Choloniewski)
- Studio for Computer Music at the Academy of Music in Warsaw (coordinator: Krzysztof Czaja)
- Studio for Computer Composition at the Academy of Music in Wroclaw - SCC (director: Stanislaw Krupowicz)
- Studio for Computer Music at the Academy of Music in Poznan (director: Lidia Zielinska)
- Studio for Computer Music at the Academy of Music in Lodz (director: Krzysztof Knittel)
- Electroacoustic Music Studio at the Academy of Music in Katowice, *1992 (director: Jaroslaw Mamczarski)
- Studio for Computer Music at the Academy of Music in Gdansk (director: Krzysztof Olczak)
- Studio for Computer Music at the Academy of Music in Bydgoszcz (coordinator: Dobromila Jaskot)
- Studio for Computer Music at the Silesian University in Cieszyn (director: Krzysztof Gawlas)
- Studio of Electroacoustic Music of the Hungarian Radio (HEAR Studio), Budapest (co-ordinator: Itsvan Szigeti)
- Society for Electroacoustic Music Prague+Brno *1990
- Polish Society for Electroacoustic Music, Krakow *2005
neo-constructivism
All neo-constructivists favored the discourse of freedom expressed in a more or less orthodox language of geometry. The crucial question, however, to repeat after Rosalind Krauss, is: how was the expression of freedom possible in that way, if the "grid," a system of intersecting lines, allegedly discovered anew again and again, is one of the most stereotypical visual devices? Furthermore, as the American art historian suggests, all the artists who started using "grid" as their "own" means of expression brought their artistic evolution to an end, since in many respects (structural, logical, as well as commonsensical) that particular figure can only be repeated.2 What was then the justification of the discourse of freedom or, more precisely, of its mythologization in the artistic practice of the Central European neo-constructivists? Most likely, it was the negative function of that art; the fact that under the specific historical circumstances it was directed against the socialist realism, absolutizing "form" (or even "pure form") while the authorities, particularly in the early fifties, were conducting a campaign against the so-called "formalism" identified with the bourgeois culture. According to the doctrine of the socialist realism, the form was supposed to be "national" ("narodnaya"), and the content "socialist." On the contrary, the neo-constructivists preferred the form to be universal, whereas the so-called content did not exist for then at all. [6]