Fluxus

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Nam June Paik, Alison Knowles, Emmett Williams, George Maciunas and Ben Patterson (L-R) performing George Maciunas's In Memoriam to Adriano Olivetti during Concert No. 5, Fluxus, at the Internationale Festspiele Neuester Musik, Städtisches Museum, Wiesbaden, 8 September 1962. (Source)
Shigeko Kubota, Alison Knowles, Mieko Shiomi, Yoko Ono, Carolee Schneemann, and Sara Seagull (L-R), at the Fluxus exhibition Ubi Fluxus, Ibi Motus during the 1990 Venice Biennale, with director Achille Bonito Oliva in the background. Photo: Larry Miller. (Source)

Artists

Maciunas, Fluxus Manifesto, 1963.
Young (ed.), An Anthology of Chance Operations, 1963, Log, PDF.
Brecht, Chance-Imagery, 1966, PDF.
Manifestos, 1966/2004, PDF.
Filliou, et al., Teaching and Learning as Performing Arts, 1970, Log, PDF.
Vostell, Higgins (eds.), Fantastic Architecture [1969], 1971, Log, PDF.

Works

  • Maciunas (ed.), Fluxus 1, 1964,

  • Maciunas, Name Cards, 1964, PDF, JPGs.

  • Maciunas (ed.), Flux Year Box 2, 1966, Log, PDF, JPGs.

Objects, artists' publications

  • George Brecht, Water Yam, c1963.
  • George Maciunas (ed.), Fluxus 1, 1964-79, JPGs (book version), JPGs (box version). First of three issues of Maciunas' serialised publication. [1]
  • George Maciunas, Name Cards, 1964, JPGs.
  • Fluxkit, 1965. [2]
  • George Maciunas (ed.), Flux Year Box 2, New York, 1966-68, JPGs. Second of three issues of Maciunas' serialised publication. [3]
  • Ben Vautier, Fluxbox Containing God, c1966.
  • George Maciunas (ed.), Fluxtattoos, New York: Implosions, 1967.
  • Daniel Spoerri, Roland Topor, Robert Filliou, Monsters are Inoffensive, 1968. Postcard set. [4]
  • George Maciunas (ed.), Fluxpack 3, Flash Art Edizioni, 1973-75. Third of three issues of Maciunas' serialised publication.
Resources

Event scores

  • La Monte Young (ed.), An Anthology of Chance Operations, New York: La Monte Young and Jackson Mac Low, Spring 1963; 2nd ed., New York: H. Friedrich, 1970, JPGs. First and only issue. Compilation of texts, scores for events, instruction cards, experimental poetry, and much more by artists musicians, poets, and dancers, who founded Fluxus, minimalism, conceptual art, and other experimental practices. Among the artists included are George Brecht, John Cage, Walter De Maria, Henry Flynt, Yoko Ono, Dick Higgins, Toshi Ichiyanagi, Ray Johnson, Simone Forti, Nam June Paik, Terry Riley, Diter Rot, Emmet Williams, and Christian Wolff.
  • Alison Knowles, Annea Lockwood (eds.), Women's Work, New York: Alison Knowles and Anna Lockwood, 1975. [5]
  • Shiomi Mieko, Spatial Poems, Osaka, 1975. [6] [7] [8]
  • Ken Friedman, Owen Smith, Lauren Sawchyn (eds.), The Fluxus Performance Workbook, new ed., Performance Research, 2002, 117 pp.

Writings

Periodicals, newsletters
  • décoll/age: Bulletin aktueller Ideen und Kunst nach, ed. Wolf Vostell, Cologne, 1962-69. [10] (German)
  • News-Policy-Letter, 7 numbers, ed. George Maciunas, Wiesbaden: Fluxus (1-4), Ehlhalten: Fluxus (5-7), 1962-63.
  • Aktuální umění, 2 issues, ed. Aktuální umění, Prague, 1964-65. (Czech)
  • Fluxnewsletter, ed. George Maciunas, New York, 1965-76. Selection.
  • Something Else Press Newsletters, 22 numbers, ed. Dick Higgins, New York: Something Else Press, 1966-73 & 1983.
Something Else Press (incl. Great Bear Pamphlets) [11]

Selection according to Friedman & Owen's Fluxus bibliography.

  • Dick Higgins, Jefferson’s Birthday/Postface, 2 vols., New York: Something Else Press, 1964, 271+89 pp. [12] [13] [14]
  • Philip Corner, Alison Knowles, Benjamin Patterson, Tomas Schmit, The Four Suits, New York: Something Else Press, 1965. [15] [16]
  • Robert Filliou, Ample Food for Stupid Thought, New York: Something Else Press, 1965.
  • Al Hansen, A Primer of Happenings and Time/Space Art, New York: Something Else Press, 1965.
  • Ray Johnson, The Paper Snake, New York: Something Else Press, 1965.
  • Knowles, Alison, By Alison Knowles, Great Bear Pamphlets, New York: Something Else Press, 1965; UbuClassics, 2004, PDF.
  • George Brecht, Chance-Imagery, Great Bear Pamphlets, New York: Something Else Press, 1966, 16 pp; UbuClassics, 2004, PDF.
  • Manifestos, Great Bear Pamphlets, New York: Something Else Press, 1966; UbuClassics, 2004, PDF; repr., Brooklyn, NY: Primary Information, 2007. [17]
  • Jackson Mac Low, The Twin Plays, Great Bear Pamphlets, New York: Something Else Press, 1966; UbuClassics, 2004, PDF.
  • Daniel Spoerri, An Anecdoted Topography of Chance, ed. & annot. Emmett Williams, New York: Something Else Press, 1966, xviii+214 pp; exp.ed., London: Atlas Press, 1995, 236 pp; new ed., London: Atlas Press, 2016, 271 pp.
    • Topographie anecdotée du hasard, Paris: Galerie Lawrence, 1962, 53 pp; repr., facs., Paris: Centre Georges Pompidou, 1990, 53 pp; exp.ed., Paris: Othello, 2016, 370+[16] pp. (French)
    • Anekdoten zu einer Topographie des Zufalls, Neuwied; Berlin: Luchterhand, 1968, 162 pp. (German)
  • Wolf Vostell, Berlin and Phenomena, trans. Laura P. Williams, Great Bear Pamphlets, New York: Something Else Press, 1966, 16 pp; UbuClassics, 2004, PDF.
  • George Brecht, Robert Filliou, Games at the Cedilla, or the Cedilla Takes Off, New York: Something Else Press, 1967. [18] [19]
  • Robert Filliou, A Filliou Sampler, Great Bear Pamphlets, New York: Something Else Press, 1967, 16 pp; UbuClassics, 2004, PDF.
  • Juan Hidalgo, A Zaj Sampler, trans. Peter Besas, Great Bear Pamphlets, New York: Something Else Press, 1967; UbuClassics, 2004, PDF.
  • Bengt af Klintberg, The Cursive Scandinavian Salve, A Great Bear Pamphlet, New York: Something Else Press, 1967; UbuClassics, 2004, PDF.
  • Emmett Williams (ed.), An Anthology of Concrete Poetry, New York: Something Else Press, 1967
  • Dick Higgins, foew&ombwhnw: A Grammar of the Mind and a Phenomenology of Love and a Science of the Arts As Seen by a Stalker of the Wild Mushroom, New York: Something Else Press, 1968.
  • John Cage (ed.), Notations, New York: Something Else Press, 1969.
  • Dick Higgins, foew&ombwhnw, New York: Something Else Press, 1969.
  • Jackson Mac Low, Stanzas for Iris Lezak, Barton, VT: Something Else Press, 1971.
  • Wolf Vostell, Dick Higgins (eds.), Fantastic Architecture, New York: Something Else Press, 1971.
  • Richard Kostelanetz (ed.), Breakthrough Fictioneers, Barton, VT and Berlin: Something Else Press, 1972.
  • Geoff Hendricks, Ring Piece, Barton, VT: Something Else Press, 1973.

Film, video

Fluxus Anthology, 1989, MP3s, MP3s.
FluxTellus, 1990, MP3s.

Sound

Graphic design

Fluxus Virus, 1962-1992, 1992, Log, PDF. (DE/EN)
Fluxus. Eine lange Geschichte mit vielen Knoten. Fluxus in Deutschland 1962–1994, 1995, Log, PDF. (DE/CZ)

Catalogues

  • Happening & Fluxus: Materialien, ed. Hans Sohm, Cologne: Kölnischer Kunstverein, 1970, [340] pp. Exh. curated by Hans Sohm and Harald Szeemann; held at the Kölnischer Kunstverein, Cologne, 6 Nov 1970-6 Jan 1971. [21] (German)
  • Fluxus etc., ed. John Hendricks, Bloomfield Hills, MI: Cranbrook Academy of Art Museum, and Detroit, MI: Gilbert and Lila Silverman Fluxus Collection, 1981. [22] Addenda I, 1983. [23] Addenda II, 1983. [24]
  • Ubi Fluxus, ibi motus, 1990-1962, ed. Achille Bonito Oliva, Milan: Mazzotta, and Venice: La Biennale di Venezia, 1990, 498 pp. Exh. held as part of Venice Biennale 1990.
  • Fluxus Virus, 1962-1992, ed. Ken Friedman, Cologne: Galerie Schüppenhauer, 1992, 399 pp. Includes 41 artists and biographies, with essays exploring the identity of Fluxus by Peter Frank, Ina Conzen Meairs, Wilfried Dörstel and Reiner Steinberg, Hannah Higgins, Karen Moss, Owen F. Smith, David T. Doris, Dieter Daniels, Ina Blom, Mariane Hoffmann, Michael Erlhoff, James Lewes, Manfred de la Motte, and Ken Friedman. [26] [27] (German)/(English)
  • In the Spirit of Fluxus, eds. Elizabeth Armstrong, Janet Jenkins, and Joan Rothfuss, Minneapolis, MN: Walker Art Center, 1993. Stiles' essay. Texts by Andreas Huyssen, Simon Anderson, Kristine Stiles, Owen Smith, Douglas Kahn, Bruce Jenkins, and Elizabeth Armstrong. Review: Ivacs (Artpool). [28]
  • Adrian Glew, Jon Hendricks, Fluxbritannica: Aspects of the Fluxus Movement 1962-73, London: Tate Gallery, 1994. (English)
  • In de geest van Fluxus, Antwerp: Stadsdrukkerij, 1995, 85 pp. [29] (Dutch)
  • Off Limits: Rutgers University and the Avant-Garde, 1957–1963, ed. Joan Marter, New Jersey: Newark Museum and Rutgers University Press, 1999. Review: Beckman & Applefield (Art J). [30]
  • Critical Mass: Happenings, Fluxus, Performance, Intermedia, and Rutgers University, 1957–1972, ed. Geoffrey Hendricks, New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2003. [31] [32] [33] (English)
  • Astrit Schmidt-Burkhardt, Maciunas' Learning Machines: From Art History to a Chronology of Fluxus, Berlin: Vice Versa, 2003; 2nd ed., rev. & exp., forew. Jon Hendricks, Vienna and New York: Springer, 2011, 215 pp. [34]
  • Fluxus—Art into Life, eds. Nobuko Akita, Yoko Hayami, and Midori Yoshimoto, Saitama, Japan: Urawa Bijutsukan, 2004. [35] (Japanese)/(English)
  • Fluxus East: Fluxus-Netzwerke in Mittelosteuropa / Fluxus East: Fluxus Networks in Central Eastern Europe, ed. Petra Stegmann, Berlin: Kuenstlerhaus Bethanien, 2007, 288 pp. Exh. held at Künstlerhaus Bethanien, Berlin, 4 Sep-4 Nov 2007. Contains artists' biographies, an extensive illustrated chronology divided in sections, including an “Overall Survey of Fluxus Events in Central Eastern Europe (1962–1989), “Fluxus Concerts,” “Individual Exhibitions and Performances,” “Exhibitions and Festivals,” “Mieko Shiomi’s ‘Spatial Poems,’” “Nine Global Events,” and “Fluxus East and West,” and essays by Eric Andersen, Andrea Bátorová, Milan Knížák, Pavlína Morganová, Luiza Nader, Maria Anna Potocka, Tamás St. Auby, Petra Stegmann, and Emmett Williams. [36] [37] (German)/(English)
  • Fluxus in Holland. De jaren '60, eds. Jeannette Dekeukeleire and Harry Ruhé, Amsterdam: Galerie A / artKitchen, 2009. [38]
  • Fluxus and the Essential Questions of Life, ed. Jacquelynn Baas, Hood Museum of Art, and University of Chicago Press, 2011. Excerpt.
  • Fluxus at 50, eds. Alexander Klar, Stefan Fricke, and Sarah Maske, Bielefeld: Kerber, 2012. [39]
  • Fluxus: A Creative Revolution / Una rivoluzione creativa, eds. Antonio d'Avossa and Nicoletta Ossanna Cavadini, Milan: Skira, 2012, 367 pp. (Italian)/(English)
  • The Lunatics Are on the Loose: European Fluxus Festivals 1962-1977, ed. Petra Stegmann, Potsdam: Down With Art!, 2013. [41]
  • Sense Sound/Sound Sense: Fluxus Music, Scores & Records in the Luigi Bonotto Collection, eds. Patrizio Peterlini and Walter Rovere, Ravenna: Danilo Montanari, 2016, 216 pp. Exh. held at the Auditorium Parco della musica, Rome, Italy, 6 May-2 Jun 2016. [42] [43]
Resources

Exhibitions, events

Selection of gallery exhibitions and festivals with an online presence. For more see Catalogues section above.

Chronologies, diagrams

  • George Maciunas, Expanded Arts Diagram, 1966.

  • George Maciunas with Alison Knowles, Diagram of Historical Development of Fluxus, 1973

  • Fluxus–Art into Life, chronology, 1960-1978, 2004.

  • Fluxus–Art into Life, event map, 1958-1978, 2004.

Collections and archives

  • Alternative Traditions in the Contemporary Arts (ATCA), University of Iowa; Iowa City, US. Serving as an interface among University of Iowa facilities (the Museum of Art, the University Libraries, and a number of academic units) Alternative Traditions in the Contemporary Arts (ATCA) Project is committed to the collection and preservation of works and papers of contemporary artists and to the facilitation and dissemination of research related to the post-World War II avant-garde. ATCA hosts various individual collections related to Fluxus artists and practices: The Fluxus West Collection, The Ken Friedman ATCA Collection, The Alice Hutchins Papers, Jonas Mekas Collection of Fluxus Films and Artifacts of the Eternal Network Papers. See also: Fluxus Digital Collection at Digital Studio for Public Arts & Humanities, featuring works from the UI Special Collections donated by artist and benefactor Ken Friedman.
  • Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution; Washington DC, US. Archives host various collections with material related to Fluxus artists and Fluxus history. Most important are: Ted and Joan Wilentz collection of Fluxus-related materials (1963-1983), Dick Higgins papers (1958-1997) and Ken Friedman papers (1969-1978). Oral history collection includes interviews with Fluxus artists, including Alison Knowles, Geoffrey Hendricks, Benjamin Patterson and Al Hansen.
  • Archiv Sohm, Staatsgalerie Stuttgart; Stuttgart, Germany. Archive of Hanns Sohm (1921-1999), a dentist and a collector of intermedia art and counter-culture from the 1960s and 1970s including the Beat scene, the Happening, Fluxus, Viennese Actionism, Concrete Poetry, the multi-media works of Dieter Roth and Zero. PDF
  • Barbara and Peter Moore Fluxus Collection, Harvard Art Museums; Cambridge, US. The collection features a range of Fluxus editions and multiples dating from the early 1960s through the late 1970s. It includes pieces by Yoko Ono, Ken Friedman, Shigeko Kubota, Nam June Paik, George Brecht, George Maciunas among many others, as well as examples of many key multiples, a number of unique and rare works, and prototypes or models for editions. Acquired in 2005.
  • David Tudor Papers, Getty Research Institute; Los Angeles, US. The collection documents David Tudor's participation in the post-war experimental and avant-garde music scene and aspects of his personal life until his death in 1996. Includes contributions by Fluxus artists such as Yoko Ono, Philip Corner and George Brecht.
  • Dick Higgins Collection, Albin O. Kuhn Library & Gallery, University of Maryland, Baltimore County; Catonsville, Maryland, US. Donated from Dick Higgins's studio in Barrytown, New York by Alison Knowles, the collection focuses on Higgins, Something Else Press, and the wider Fluxus movement. It includes works by over 70 individual Fluxus and other artists, exhibition materials, publications from Something Else Press, and publications from members of the greater Fluxus movement.
  • Donación Fluxus Gino di Maggio, Museo Vostell Malpartida; Malpartida de Cáceres, Spain. The collection was donated to the museum by the Italian collector, editor and curator Gino di Maggio, director of the Mudima Foundation in Milan and a friend of many of the Fluxus artists. The collection consists of 250 works by 31 artists and includes pieces by George Maciunas, Eric Andersen, Ayo-O, Philip Corner, Willhelm de Ridder, Robert Fillou, Dick Higgins, Alison Knowles, Yoko Ono, Ben Patterson, Mieko Shiomi, Robert Watts, Ben Vautier and others.
  • Fluxus Materials at The New York Public Library; New York, US. Material related to Fluxus is available in various collections including Ellsworth Snyder collection of Fluxus multiples and ephemera (1958-1987), The Artists Files and The Pamphlet Files within the Art & Architecture Collection. The Print Collection, which also houses the Spencer Collection that owns original works by Fluxus artists such as Flux Year Box 2 (1967).
  • Fluxus-related archives and publications, Charles Deering McCormick Library of Special Collections, Northwestern University; Evanston, Illinois, US. Library collection hosts multiples by Fluxus artists including Fluxus 1 (1964), George Brecht's Water Yam (1963) and Games & Puzzles (1965), Flux timekit (1966) by Robert Watts as well as ephemera and publications about the movement.
  • George Maciunas Memorial Collection, The Hood Museum of Art; Hanover, NH, US. The Collection, was established by then museum director Jan van der Marck in 1978 to pay tribute to Maciunas who had died that year. The Hood's holdings, which now reach beyond that original collection, includes works by various Fluxus artists such as Nam June Paik, Alison Knowles, Ben Vautier, Milan Knížák, Mieko (Chieko) Shiomi, Ken Friedman, Philip Corner and Maciunas himself.
  • The Gilbert and Lila Silverman Fluxus Collection Archives, in The Museum of Modern Art Archives. The Silverman Collection was built and organized by scholar Jon Hendricks starting c. 1977, working with collectors Gilbert and Lila Silverman. It grew into one of the world's largest collections of artwork, documentation, and published materials related to Fluxus. Records include correspondence between artists, ephemera, documentation of Fluxus plans and events, as well as much material from the studio/estate of George Maciunas.
  • Jean Brown Papers, Getty Research Institute; Los Angeles, US. A study collection of avant-garde materials accumulated by librarian and art collector Jean Brown. The collection documents the Dada and Surrealist art movements, Fluxus, mail art, and concrete poetry. Materials include letters, printed matter and ephemera, clippings, art objects, sound recordings, motion pictures, and video recordings. Brown maintained close friendships with many artists whose work she collected, including George Maciunas, Dick Higgins and Ken Friedman. She was a part of the international mail art network. The Getty Center acquired the collection from Jean Brown in 1988. Additional correspondence and notes were obtained from the family of Jean Brown in 2016. Publications received with the archive have been separated to the Getty Research Library.
  • Walker Fluxus Collection, The Walker Art Center; Minneapolis, US. Walker's Fluxus collection includes multiples and publications central to the history of the movement such as Fluxus 1 (1964), Flux Year Box 2 (1967), as well as multiples by Ben Vautier, George Brecht, Shigeko Kubota and others.
  • Whitney Fluxus Collection, Whitney Museum of American Art; New York, US. Whitney collection of Fluxus works comprises of iconic multiples from the 1960s such as George Brecht's Water Yam (1963/69) and Games & PuzzLes (1965/69), Ben Vautier's Holes (1963/69) and Shigeko Kubota's FLUX NAPKINS (1967).

Literature

Ken Friedman (ed.), The Fluxus Reader, 1998, Log, PDF, PDFs.

Art history and theory

Books
  • Harry Ruhé (ed.), Fluxus: The Most Radical and Experimental Art Movement of the Sixties, Amsterdam: A, 1979. In 1979, this publication was the most comprehensive history of Fluxus activities, editions, and general Fluxus literature, with an essay on the history of Fluxus by Ruhé. Useful as an early inclusive history of Fluxus compared to the increasingly less comprehensive canonized versions of Fluxus. Loose-leaf alphabetized artists’ pages with biographies, lists of works, publications, and many photographs assembled in a three-ring binder.
  • Fluxus: izbor tekstova, ed. Aleksandra Janković, Belgrade: Muzej savremene umetnosti, 1986. Selected writings. (Serbo-Croatian)
  • Ken Friedman (ed.), The Fluxus Reader, Academy Editions, 1998, 309 pp, ARG. Contains histories, theories, critical perspectives, and transcriptions from an interview with Maciunas by Larry Miller; an essay by Miller; and an interview with Billie Maciunas regarding her life, sex, and experiences with George Maciunas, and her encounters with Fluxus, by Susan L. Jarosi. Also includes an extensive chronology of events in Fluxus history, and a selected list of Fluxus art works and related primary and secondary source materials.
  • Owen F. Smith, Fluxus: The History Of An Attitude, San Diego State University Press, 1998, 336 pp. Comprehensive survey of the birth, development, and cultural end (or “remnants”) of the Fluxus movement, elucidating the historical and philosophical complexities of the ethos of the movement and illustrating the enduring impact of Fluxus today. Chapter 1. [49]
  • Hannah Higgins, Fluxus Experience, University of California Press, 2002, 259 pp. Based on her theory of aesthetic experience through the philosophical lens of the philosopher John Dewey, Higgins attends to experiential and phenomenological aspects of Fluxus, charts its history in the coincident context of happenings, conceptual, and pop art, discusses the reception of Fluxus, and offers a “Fluxus-Inspired Pedagogy”.
  • Shiomi Mieko, Furukusasu towa nanika: Nichijo to ato o musubitsuketa hitobito [What Is Fluxus? The People Who Connected Art and the Everyday], Tokyo: Firumuātosha, 2005. [50] (Japanese)
  • Dick Higgins, Intermedia, Fluxus, and the Something Else Press, eds. Steve Clay and Ken Friedman, Catskill, NY: Siglio, 2018, 364 pp. [51] [52]. Reviews: Gibbons (Hyperallergic), Harren (Artforum), Ox (Leonardo), Waldow (Brooklyn Rail), Galbreth (Glasstire), Kirkus.
Journal issues
  • Women & Performance: A Journal of Feminist Theory 19(3): "Women & Fluxus: Toward a Feminist Archive of Fluxus", ed. Midori Yoshimoto, 2009. Introduction. [54]
Essays
Encyclopedic entries

en Britannica, Encyclopedia of Aesthetics, Grove, Oxford DA, Tate, Wikipedia. it Treccani. cr Šuvaković. hu Artportal.

Repositories

Memoirs

  • Bengt af Klintberg, Svensk fluxus / Swedish Fluxus, Stockholm, 2007, 127 pp. (Swedish)/(English)
  • Billie Maciunas, The Eve of Fluxus: A Flux Memoire, forew. Kristine Stiles, intro. Geoffrey Hendricks, Winter Park, afterw. Larry Miller, FL: Arbiter, 2010. Author divulges titillating stories of her sex life with George Maciunas, and pointed critiques of the bickering, competitiveness, and conflicts within Fluxus that, without her commentary, would have remained otherwise unknown.

Lists and bibliographies

Resources

See also


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