Maker culture

Related notions: digital fabrication, critical making, 3D printing, computer-aided manufacturing, rapid prototyping.

Pages

• Adhocracy (exhibition)
• Andrej Boleslavský
• Adrian Bowyer
• Marc Dusseiller
• Auriea Harvey
• Garnet Hertz
• Chuck Hull
• Markus Kayser
• Akihiro Kubota
• Maker Faire
• Adam Mayer
• Matej Nemček
• Open Bidouille Camp
• Bre Pettis
• Zach Smith
• Varvara & Mar

Maker communities

• Thingiverse, a software repository for open source hardware designs. Launched in November 2008 by Zach Smith and Bre Pettis.
• RepRap (replicating rapid prototyper), an initiative to develop an open license 3D printer that can print most of its own components. Founded in March 2005 by Adrian Bowyer. First open-source 3D printer in 2007.
• MakerBot initiative, a New York-based company founded in January 2009 by Bre Pettis, Adam Mayer, and Zach Smith producing open source hardware, specifically 3D printers. MakerBot builds on the early progress of the RepRap Project with the goal of bringing desktop 3D printing into the home at an affordable price.
• Ultimaker, an open source 3D printer.

Initiatives

• List of fab labs worldwide, maintained by MIT's Fab Foundation.
• http://www.fabathome.org
• http://faboratory.org/
• http://www.fabhub.io
• http://www.hubs.com/
• http://www.criticalmaking.nl

Events

• Maker Faire, first held 22-23 Apr 2006 at the San Mateo Fairgrounds, organised by Make: magazine; San Mateo Fairgrounds, 19-20 May 2007; Travis County Fairgrounds, Austin, TX, 20-21 Oct 2007; San Mateo Fairgrounds, 3-4 May 2008; Travis County Fairgrounds, Austin, TX, 18-19 Oct 2008; etc.; in 2017 there were 225 Maker Faires in 38 countries, with "flagship faires" in San Mateo, California, Detroit and New York City.
• Symposium Digital Fabricatio​n – a State of Art, ISCTE-University Institute of London, Lisbon, 9-10 Sep 2011.
• FabFuse, grassroots Fab Lab unconferences, Amersfoort, Netherlands, 8-11 Aug 2012; 19-21 Jul 2013; 8-10 Aug 2014; 21-23 Aug 2015.
• Adhocracy exhibition, 1st Istanbul Design Biennial, Istanbul, 13 Oct-12 Dec 2012; New Museum, New York, 4 May-7 Jul 2013; LimeWharf, London, 2013; Onassis Cultural Center, Athens, 29 Apr-27 Jun 2015 (booklet). Curated by Joseph Grima and associate curators Ethel Baraona Pohl, Elian Stefa, and Pelin Tan.
• Making Futures, biannual conference on contemporary craft and maker movements, Plymouth College of Art, UK. Editions from 2013 onward also focusing also on digital fabrication. Curated by Malcolm Ferris. [1]
• Out of Hand: Materializing the Postdigital exhibition, Museum of Arts and Design, New York, 16 Oct 2013-1 Jun 2014. Organised by MAD curator Ron Labaco. Review: Forlano (Culture Digitally).
• Anxious to Make, conference stream at Transmediale festival, Berlin, 2016. Curated by Teresa Dillon. Report: Dillon.
• Koppelting grassroots festival about peer production and free/libre alternatives for society, De WAR, Amersfoort, Netherlands, 2016; 21-27 Aug 2017; 20-24 Aug 2018; 19-25 Aug 2019.
• Future Artist-Maker Labs events programme, Nerve Centre, Derry~Londonderry, FabLab Limerick, Limerick and Ultra-Lab, Madrid, 2016-2017.
• No Spectators: The Art of Burning Man exhibition, Renwick Gallery, 30 Mar 2018-21 Jan 2019.
• Making Matters: Bridging Art, Design and Technology through Critical Making symposium, West Den Hague, The Hague, 9-10 May 2019.

Literature

Books, journal issues, catalogues, zines

• Neil Gershenfeld, Fab: The Coming Revolution on Your Desktop-from Personal Computers to Personal Fabrication, New York: Basic Books, 2005, x+278 pp.
  • Fab: dal personal computer al personal fabricator, trans. Irene Manzoni and Jacopo Romoli, Torino: Codice, 2005, 253 pp. [2] (Italian)
  • Monozukuri kakumei: pāsonaru faburikēshon no yoake [ものづくり革命 : パーソナル・ファブリケーションの夜明け], trans. Hiroshi Itokawa, Tokyo: Sofutobanku Kurieitibu, 2006, 271 pp. (Japanese)
• Bob Parks, Makers: All Kinds of People Making Amazing Things in Garages, Basements, and Backyards, Sebastopol, CA: O'Reilly Media, 2006, 183 pp.
• Cory Doctorow, Makers, Tor Books, Oct 2009. Novel.
• Adhokrasi / Adhocracy, eds. Vera Sacchetti, Avinash Rajagopal, and Tamar Shafrir, Istanbul: Istanbul Foundation for Culture and Arts (İKSV), Oct 2012, 328 pp. Exh. catalogue. (Turkish)/(English)
• Chris Anderson, Makers: The New Industrial Revolution, New York: Crown Publishing Group, Oct 2012.
• Garnet Hertz (ed.), Critical Making, Hollywood/CA: Telharmonium Press, Nov 2012, 352 pp.
• Making Futures journal, ed. Malcolm Ferris, biannual, since 2013 [first issue to discuss digital fabrication in more detail]. Based on Making Futures conference held biannually at Plymouth College of Art.
• Julia Walter-Herrmann, Corinne Büching (eds.), FabLab: Of Machines, Makers and Inventors, Bielefeld: transcript, Jun 2013, 262 pp. Excerpt. Publisher.
• Stephen Hoskins, 3D Printing for Artists, Designers and Makers, Bloomsbury Visual Arts, Nov 2013, 144 pp; 2nd ed., rev., Feb 2018, 166 pp. Publisher.
• Matt Ratto, Megan Boler (eds.), DIY Citizenship: Critical Making and Social Media, forew. Ronald Deibert, MIT Press, Feb 2014, 464 pp. Publisher.
• Journal of Peer Production 5: "Shared Machine Shops", eds. Maxigas and Peter Troxler, Oct 2014.
• Artisans numériques, ed. Ewen Chardronnet, Orléans: HYX, 2014, 185 pp. [3] (French)
• Hyperrhiz 13: "Kits, Plans, Schematics", eds. Helen J. Burgess and David M. Rieder, Fall 2015.
• New Media & Society 18(4): "The Democratization of Hacking and Making", eds. Jeremy Hunsinger and Andrew Schrock, Apr 2016. Introduction.
• Current 7: "Critical Making: Theories, Models & Frameworks", 2016. [4]
• AD 86(5): "Digital Property: Open-source Architecture", eds. Wendy W. Fok and Antoine Picon, Oxford: John Wiley & Sons, Sep-Oct 2016, 136 pp. [5] [6]
• Achim Menges, Bob Sheil, Ruairi Glynn, Marilena Skavara, Fabricate, London: UCL Press, Apr 2017, 304 pp. Publisher.
• Disobedient Electronics: Protest, ed. Garnet Hertz, Vancouver, 2017, 58 pp. Zine.
• Jentery Sayers (ed.), Making Things and Drawing Boundaries: Experiments in the Digital Humanities, University of Minnesota Press, 2017, 360 pp, PDF. [7]
• Digital Culture & Society 3(1): "Making and Hacking", eds. Annika Richterich and Karin Wenz, 2017.

• Ellen K. Foster, Making Cultures: Politics of Inclusion, Accessibility & Empowerment at the Margins of the Maker Movement, Troy, NY: Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 2017, 341 pp. PhD Dissertation.

• Journal of Peer Production 12: "Makerspaces and Institutions", eds. Kat Braybrooke and Adrian Smith, Jul 2018.

• Jeremy Hunsinger, Andrew Schrock (eds.), Making Our World: The Hacker and Maker Movements In Context, New York: Peter Lang, Nov 2018, 318 pp.

• Loes Bogers, Letizia Chiappini (eds.), The Critical Makers Reader: (Un)learning Technology, Amsterdam: Institute of Network Cultures, 2019, 320 pp.

• Olindo Caso, Joran Kuijper, Atlas: Makerspaces in Public Libraries in The Netherlands, Delft: Delft University of Technology, 2019, 162 pp.

• Yana Boeva, Break, Make, Retake: Interrogating the Social and Historical Dimensions of Making as a Design Practice, Toronto: York University, 2019, 199 pp. PhD Dissertation.

• Digital Culture & Society 6(1): "Alternative Histories in DIY Cultures and Maker Utopias", eds. Cindy Kohtala, Yana Boeva, and Peter Troxler, Bielefeld: transcript, Feb 2021. Introduction. Publisher. Launch event.

• Jess Ring, RRe-Tooling the Sisterhood: Conceptualizing 'Meaningful Making' through Maker Culture, Makerspace Politics, and Feminist 'little m' making-as-activism, Ottawa: Carleton University, 2021, 275 pp. PhD Dissertation.

Book chapters, articles

• Gabriela Celani, "Digital fabrication in the arts: just another technical reproduction advance leap or a new artistic revolution?", 2007.
• Chris Anderson, "In the Next Industrial Revolution, Atoms Are the New Bits", Wired, 25 Jan 2010.
• Joris Peels, "2010: the Year in 3D printing", 23 Dec 2010.
• Matt Ratto, "Critical Making", Open Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive, eds. Bas van Abel, Roel Klaassen, Lucas Evers, and Peter Troxler, Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, Jun 2011.
• ThePirateBay.org, "Evolution: New category", Jan 2012.
• "The Third Industrial Revolution", The Economist, 21 Apr 2012. 14-page special report. Introduction. [8] [9]
• Stephen Murphey, "3D Printer Community Survey Results", Aug 2012.
• Gabriela Celani, "Digital Fabrication Laboratories: Pedagogy and Impacts on Architectural Education", Nexus Network Journal 14:3, Oct 2012, pp 469-482.
• Stefanie Wuschitz, "Female Makers", Participate 2, Mar 2013.
• Evgeny Morozov, "Making It", The New Yorker, 13 Jan 2014.
• Dimitris Papadopoulos, "Generation M: Matter, Makers, Microbiomes::Compost for Gaia", eipcp.net, Feb 2014.
• Michael Stacey, "The FAB LAB Network: A Global Platform for Digital Invention, Education and Entrepreneurship", Innovations: Technology, Governance, Globalization 9:1-2, 2014, pp 221-238.
• Debbie Chachra, "Why I Am Not a Maker", The Atlantic, 23 Jan 2015.
• Gareth Branwyn, "Looking Back at the Launch of the Maker Movement: The First Maker Faire", Make:, 16 Apr 2015.
• Kat Braybrooke, "Hacking Apple: putting the power of tech back into our hands", The Guardian, 1 Dec 2015.
• Cindy Kohtala, "Making “Making” Critical: How Sustainability is Constituted in Fab Lab Ideology", The Design Journal 20:3, 2017, pp 375-394.
• Garnet Hertz, The Maker's Bill of Rights [Maker Manifesto], Mar 2018, PDF. Revision of the Maker's Bill of Rights (by Mister Jalopy, Phil Torrone, and Simon Hill) initially printed in Make Magazine (Dougherty etc) in 2006. [10]
• Fred Turner, "Millenarian Tinkering: The Puritan Roots of the Maker Movement", Technology and Culture 59:4, Supplement, Oct 2018, pp s160-s182.

Bibliography

• Verena Kuni, "Critical Making Bibliography - Critical Mapping Sources", in The Critical Makers Reader: (Un)learning Technology, eds. Loes Bogers and Letizia Chiappini, Amsterdam: Institute of Network Cultures, 2019, pp 306-310.

See also

• Hackerspaces, DIY biology, FLOSS, Open hardware.