Community servers

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For interdependent, feminist, trans*feminist, free/libre, self-hosted, autonomous, federated, collective, cooperative, community and art servers

2024

  • Our Networks 2024: Does not (cloud) compute, Vancouver, 27 July 2024. "Think: #localfirst x #permacomputing x #solarservers x hanging out on a LAN together to collectively explore what collaboration and online presence looks like when a network is optional." Toot.
  • compost.party, June 2024–present. "A repurposed smartphone running on solar power. It's a web server pieced together from scraps, humming in the attic of an apartment building." Toot. Toot.
  • Peripheral Centers and Feminist Servers, Varia, Rotterdam, 28 March 2024. Realised in the context of Quilting infrastructures (Special Issue 23) of the Experimental Publishing Master (XPUB), Piet Zwart Institute, Rotterdam, January-March 2024. "Peripheral centers and feminist servers investigate multiple approaches to the conditions of serving. It interrupts the endless flow of data that fuels the economy, exposing the cracks and gaps of the techno-scientific paradigm imposed on society. Where commands are executed, connections made, trust exchanged, and resources shared." Wiki.

2023

  • 🗐 Marloes de Valk, "rosa's Ecofeminist Dictionary", Solar Protocol, April 2023. "rosa's Ecofeminist Dictionary (rED) is a network of people, practices, and terms, the result of many conversations with those who have logged in and out of a server called 'rosa' in the past year. rosa was the protagonist of the project 'A Traversal Network of Feminist Servers,' which de Valk participated in to find out what the practices around feminist servers reveal about creating a smaller environmental footprint, and to find out if there is such a thing as an ecofeminist server." Toot.
On 8th of March 2023, we call for a Counter Cloud Action Day.
On this day, we will try to withhold from using, feeding, or caring for The Big Tech Cloud. The strike calls for a hyperscaledown of extractive digital services, and for an abundance of collective organising. We join the long historical tail of international feminist strikes, because we understand this fight to be about labour, care, anti-racism, queer life and trans★feminist techno-politics.
Too many aspects of life depend on The Cloud. The expansionist, extractivist and financialized modes of Big Tech turn all lively and creative processes processes into profit. This deeply affects how we organise, and care for resources. Many public institutions such as hospitals, universities, archives and schools have moved to rented software-as-a-service for their core operations. The interests of Big Tech condition how we teach, make accessibility, learn, know, organise, work, love, sleep, communicate, administrate, care, and remember.
Especially now our dependency on Big Tech Cloud seems intractable, it is time to reclaim space for renegotiating what might be possible. We want to imagine different infrastructures for collective life with and without computation. By calling for cloud resistance, we want to center slow trans★feminist, anti-racist and anti-imperial server practices. We want local digital storage, self-hosted videocalls, and collaborative server hosting. We want antifa-infras, low-energy graphics and queer circuits. We want accessible development, sustainable tech-maintainance, and feral supply chains. We want the end of work conditioned by Big Tech, and ultimately, the end of work. We want systemic, joyful, techno-political change. 🖇
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  • 🗐 Hosting with, eds. Manetta Berends, Angeliki Diakrousi, and Artemis Gryllaki, Rotterdam: Varia, March 2023, [16] pp, PDF. Zine; a conversation around collective hosting practices in the context of art servers, community servers and feminist servers (AMRO, Linz, June 2022). [4] [5]
  • 🗐 Tangible Cloud, Brussels, February 2023. Collection of interviews with participants of two worksessions held in May and June 2022 in Brussels. Together, they tried to imagine, through artistic practices, counter-narratives to the mainstream vision of the digital: cloud computing.

2022

  • 🗐 Lukas Engelhardt, with Paul Bille and Ada Reinthal, Self Hosting Manual, December 2022–. "The goal of this publication is to make self-hosting, a topic that comes with several technical hurdles, accessible to a more general public and beginners, while still being a useful resource to more advanced readers. No prerequisites are required from the reader." [6] [7]
  • 🗐 Prospections: "Digital Discomfort", eds. Cell for Digital Discomfort (Cristina Cochior, Karl Moubarak, and Jara Rocha), Utrecht: BAK, December 2022–. "With “Digital Discomfort,” CfDD continue their collective study of cultures and practices of computation and invites other reflections, grammars, and actions that contribute to a plurality of inter-dependent, anti-colonial, trans*feminist, anti-ableist, and environmentally just worldmaking practices of computation. These contributions grapple with the complex distribution of agencies and stakeholders, even if it’s technically impossible to make the apparatus just “stop.”"
  • 🗐 Infrastructural Interactions: Survival, Resistance and Radical Care, eds. Helen V Pritchard and Femke Snelting, Brussels: The Institute for Technology In the Public Interest, November 2022, 83 pp, PDF, PDF. "Computational infrastructures generate harms and damage beyond ethical issues of privacy, ownership and confidentiality. They displace agencies, funds and knowledge into apps and services and thereby slowly but surely contribute to the depletion of resources for public life. While data- infrastructures capture public data-streams, they also capture imagination for what a public is, and what is in its interest. We urgently need other imaginations for how we interface with infrastructures, beyond delivering a “solution” to a “need” (or the promise they can fulfill a future need). The workshops, documentation and structures in this workbook are a small contribution to making this complex paradigm shift together." Workbook wiki. Toot.
  • The Thing Is, exhibition, modelo para armar, panke.gallery and /rosa, Berlin, 11 November-1 December 2022. "Back in the 90s, The THING, NY became known for building the first ever international net community of artists and art-related projects. This exhibition groups its founders and many active members living in New York throughout the 90s, 00s and 10s that were part of this community. Along came a few friends and colleagues that also worked closely with THE THING."
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  • TransHackFeminist Convergence 2022: Feminist Infrastructure, Calafou, Barcelona, 1-8 August 2022. "From below and from the sides, sometimes precarious, sometimes not very visible or invisible. What is our feminist infrastructure? The one that gives us a mattress, a den, a space of peace, fresh water and shade when we are on fire. The one that shares with us a little piece of land from which we can see the stars and imagine possibilities." Zine. [9]
  • 🖳 Cascade Inquiry, July 2022–. "An initiative by Superflux that imagines future worlds where positive climate action has been taken. ... This website runs on a solar powered server located on the roof of King's College London just above our spatial activation."
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  • 🗐 Infrables, Brussels: The Institute for Technology In the Public Interest, May 2022, 30 pp, PDF, PDF. "Infrables make negative use-cases and un-fixing bug reports as a solidary praxis. They are articulations of what extractive digital infrastructures are, and what they are doing. What infrables can we tell to take-down Big Tech narratives and undo their violences? Generated through narrative and extra-narrative accounts, infrables identify oppressive infrastructures or tools, but they also make space for other technological attitudes."
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2021

  • 🗐 Servidoras: como colocar seu site no ar [Servers: how to get your site online], São Paulo: Marialab, October 2021, 221 pp. "The lack of consolidated laws on digital privacy requires each individual to be prepared to face the new situations and invasions of privacy arising from this new vision of privacy intertwined with the emergence of new information technologies. To address this issue, in 2017 we started a project at MariaLab on Feminist Infrastructures, dedicated to disseminating and encouraging the exchange of knowledge about servers, autonomous networks, hacking and feminist technology by women's groups." Publisher. (Brazilian Portuguese)
  • 🗐 Anne Pasek, Benedetta Piantella, Solar-Powered Media. A guide to building your own solar-powered media storage and sharing server, July 2021, 40 pp. "A zine about building your own solar-powered digital media storage infrastructure and sharing it online with the rest of the world. It includes instructions and suggestions about the hardware and software this task requires, as well as ideas and directions for the kinds of applications and aesthetics that seem to work best with such systems."
  • 🖳 Solar Protocol, March 2021–present. The Solar Protocol network reconfigures internet protocols using a kind of natural rather than artificial intelligence. The network routes internet traffic according to the logic of the sun, where page requests are sent to whichever server is enjoying the most sunlight at the time. We are working with people around the world who have built and installed servers that host this site alongside their own web content. When their server becomes the active node of the network, their online materials (if any) will soon become visible on this site" (2021). Inspired by the Solar Powered Website published by Low Tech Magazine (2018). Artist. Git.
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2020

  • 🗐 Enredando territórios de cuidado: guia para aprendizado e construção de redes comunitárias [Enmeshing territories of care: a guide to learning and building community networks], São Paulo: Marialab, November 2020, 123 pp. "Community networks represent the possibility for a community to debate, decide and install its own network communication technology. The ways of achieving this are as diverse as the communities themselves and involve technical complexities, governance, sustainability and training, among others." Publisher. (Brazilian Portuguese)
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  • De-platformization, Ethics and Alternative Social Media, symposium, workshop, Display, Prague, and online, 25-26 September 2020. "We seek to open a discussion, which will not only critically discuss platforms and commercial social media, but explore possibilities of the commons through a number of practical and theoretical positions, public discussion and hands on workshop. We know and repeatedly analyze a host of issues with commercial social media and digital labour, but little attention is paid to efforts at building alternatives, such as community-run social media and other forms of de-platformization." Curated and organised by Hana Janečková (Display), Nikola Brabcová (Artyčok.TV) and Michal Klodner (node9.org, NFA). Photos.
  • 🗐 Luisa Cruz Lobato, Cristiana Gonzalez, "Embodying the Web, Recoding Gender: How feminists are shaping progressive politics in Latin America", First Monday 25:5, 4 May 2020. "We engage with the idea that technology intervenes on women’s’ bodies to analyze how digital activism is deeply connected to corporeality, looking at the Brazilian #EleNão campaign on Facebook to emphasize how the embodiment of feminist struggles in commercial platforms unveils deeply embodied misogynistic dispositions in social media, and to latin-american feminist infrastructures as challenging such dispositions. We argue that transgressing gender norms involves both engaging with social networks and creating alternative forms of coding women’s bodies, and that, beyond the dichotomy of enchantment/disenchantment with contemporary Internet politics, it might be useful to simply stay with the trouble, embrace and recognize the complexities of the many possible Web activisms experienced in Latin America."

2019

  • Fuxico.gif
    Fuxico: uma rede autônoma feminista [Fuxico: an autonomous feminist network], 2019. "Have you ever thought about having your own wireless network? Share content autonomously and securely, independent of the internet. Make your own Fuxico. It's a wireless community network, which can be your neighbourhood's communication network or the wi-fi network of your collective, community or territory. Everything shared through it is anonymous and, for your safety, will be off the internet." Collaboration between Vedetas, Coletiva Periféricas, Fundo ELAS, and AWID (Association for Women’s Rights in Development).
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  • Relearn 2019, Varia, Rotterdam, 7-9 June 2019; Hacktiris, Brussels, 21-22 June 2019; La Générale, Paris, 6-8 September 2019. Facilitated by Varia, OSP, Anne Laforet and Quentin Juhel. "For the Rotterdam control point on the Relearn curve, we propose to together attend to a subject zone where different digital network practices intersect. This subject zone can morph into multiple directions throughout the session. Our specific interest is in how publishing formats operate with/on/through this zone. ... You are invited to come and experiment with the local Relearn server that travels between each session of the curve."
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  • Networks with an Attitude, worksession, various locations in Antwerp, 7-13 April 2019. Developed by Constant in collaboration with ooooo, Varia and amongst others Samenschool, City harbour, Wireless Antwerp. "The internet is dead, long live the internets! In 2025, the internet will consist of either gated communities or decentralised independent instances. For those who want to be connected while choosing their own dependencies, there is no other option than to draw up new networks and experiment with both historical and innovative protocols. During this intensive week we stretched the imagination of what a network is, and what it can be."

2018

  • 🖳 Solar Powered Website, Low Tech Magazine, Barcelona, September 2018–present. "This website is solar-powered and self-hosted. It has been designed to radically reduce the energy use associated with accessing our content. ... Because it uses so little energy, this website can be run on a mini-computer with the processing power of a mobile phone. It needs 1 to 2.5 watts of power, which is supplied by a small, off-grid solar PV system on the balcony of the author’s home. Typical for off-the-grid renewable power systems, energy storage is limited. This means that the website will go off-line during longer periods of cloudy weather" [20]. About: Marie Otsuka and Lauren Traugott-Campbell (video, 2019).
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  • Welcome to the Federation, series of gatherings, Varia, Rotterdam, June-December 2018. A project by Roel Roscam Abbing in collaboration with Manetta Berends. WttF "explores alternative federated ecosystems for online services such as social media and chat. It will focus in particular on those software projects whose activities have stimulated new interest for their underlying protocols, such as XMPP or ActivityPub, in part by their focusing on design, language and user experience (UX). The WttF question is to explore how arts and design communities can play a supportive role in these processes by contributing skills, knowledge, time and exposure."

2017

  • Radical Networks, conference, Chem Creative, Brooklyn, NY, 19-22 October 2017. Organised by Sarah Grant and Erica Kermani.
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  • Relearn 2017, Poortgebouw, Rotterdam, 29 August-2 September 2017. "This year's Relearn general focus is to reconsider forms of self-organising in regard to both machinic systems and social formations. We started to use the term 'co-autonomies' to refer to these ideas. We hope to make use of the proposed tracks as a looking glass to reconstruct notions of agency and consider ways of maintaining them. Particularly within the current political and economic vortex, we would like to discover ways in which co-autonomies can be re-explored, re-shared and re-created from many different angles." Documentation (2019).
We already are servers.
We don’t just need new hardware, things made out of steel. It’s not that they aren’t important. The material form of electronics can be a portal to learn and transgress. We embody diverse identities (femenine, black, trans, no-binary…) that fight every day and inherit Latinamerica’s historical servitude. We believe this is an opportunity to establish resistence, also social and economical equity that was never given to us. The possibility of crossing borders, creating kinship and, as servers in a more technocratic context, to be mistresses in tech and knowledge forged by ourselves and not as a mere reflex of what we observe. ... 🖇
  • 🗐 "From Steel to Skin" / "De acero a piel", 17 July 2017. "A four-handed raw manifesto by Nanda from Vedetas, transhackfeminist brazilian server and Nadège from Kéfir, a feminist libre tech co-op." (Brazilian Portuguese)/(Spanish)/(English)
  • homebrewserver.club, Rotterdam, 2017–. "A monthly gathering for those in Rotterdam who (wish to) host their own online services from home, rather than using commercial and privacy unfriendly alternatives."

2016

  • 🖳 Cl4ndestina, Brazil, 2016–present. "Clandestina is a feminist activist server that offers hosting for the websites of collectives, organisations and feminist social movements based in Latin America" (2018).
  • 🖳 Vedetas, São Paulo, 2016–present. "Vedetas is our feminist server. She exists to help feminist groups with their online activities and to increase women's safety and autonomy on the Internet" (2017).
  • Autonomous Infrastructures stream, THF! 2016 Third TransHackFeminist- Meet-up, Studio xx, (Tio’tia:ke a.k.a Montreal), unceeded Kanien’keha:ka* (Mohawk) territory, 18-22 August 2016. "While we recognise that no infrastructure can be fully autonomous, since autonomy is relative and as they depend, for instance, on already existing communication networks and technologies designed by mainstream companies (such as computers, servers, undersea cables, and access devices), what does it mean for us to conceive and use autonomous infrastructures?" Website. CfP, (fr), (es). [21]

2015

  • 🖳 Kéfir, Mexico/Argentina, 2015-c.2021. "Kéfir is a libre/free tech feminist co-op for activists, human right defenders, journalists, civil society organizations, collectives, artists... We want to help build safe and free (as in freedom) spaces in internet. We need to create together digital neighborhoods where we can trust eachother, express and operate/trigger without fear (ง︡'-'︠)ง" (2017). About: Conversation (Take Back the Tech!). Wiki.
  • Radical Networks, conference, Integrated Digital Media at Magnet NYU, Brooklyn, NY, 24-25 October 2015. Organised by Sarah Grant, Erica Kermani, and Amelia Marzec. Program.
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    Second TransHackFeminist-México Meet-up (THFMx2015), Puebla, Mexico, 25-31 July 2015. Organised by Centro Comunitario ADA - Accion Directa Autogestiva. "We are joyfull to summon feminist, queer and trans* bodies and collectives who are hacking the patriarchal–capitalist system. ... We believe that our dissident bodies and identities can, as well as changing their own spaces, generate technologies and tools for liberation. The tradition of free software enables us, today, to amplify hardware and software to hack bodies, gender, academia, gynecology, maternity and child-rearing as well as operating systems, distributed networks, autonomous servers, “pirating”, open media, electronic devices." Program. CfP, (es). Report (es). [22]

2014

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  • Ministry of Hacking, exhibition, esc, Graz, 27 September-28 November 2014. "The concept of connectivity is one possible counter position that focuses on practices of freedom in the net, and combines social and technical networks. In order to provide a visible forum for the concept of connectivity, the esc media art laboratory in Graz has been transformed into the subversive headquarters of a MINISTRY OF HACKING, with internationally connected "Departments": "Department of Trust", "Department of Shadows and Waves", "Department of Care and Wonder", "Department of Anonymity", "Department of Difference", "Department of Tactical Feminism". The networked Departments conceptualize guidelines and lines of flight that act as manifestos and spatial embodiments of connectivity." [23]
Before embarking on the THF! we believed that to have more feminist and intersectional activists and practitioners at the forefront of the use and development of liberation and (free)dom technologies, safe spaces to ignite desires were a must. Moreover, the THF! aimed at triggering this desire towards transfeminist approaches to technology and hacking that fostered differences, autonomy, liberation and social resistance. To reach out to a wide audience that might not have identified their practice as hacking, we made explicit the two following premises: 1) everybody is an expert in relation to the technologies they use in their everyday life, and 2) as we consider gender to be one of the most pervasive social technologies ever created, we were convinced that everybody had a lot to share on this topic too. Additionally, we wanted to convey the idea that we feel we are at a new dawn where feminist and intersectional technological resistance is arising. 🖇
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  • TransHACKfeminist! camp, Calafou, Barcelona, 4-11 August 2014. "The TransH@ckFeminist (THF!) convergence, organised in collaboration with Calafou & /etc (eclectic tech carnival), is a gathering of intersectional feminists, queer and trans people of all genders interested in better understanding, using and ultimately developing free and liberating technologies for social dissent, as an alternative to the corporatisation of technologies and the digital world. We understand technologies in their broadest sense including computer systems, (distributed) networks, “pirate”, community and/or independent radio/ tv, guerilla knitting and gardening, looming, hardware hacking as well as gender hacking." Video 📺. Video 📺. Report. Report (ES). Anarchaserver repository. [24]. [25]
    • 🖳 Anarchaserver, 2014–present. "A feminist server which aim is to develop autonomous infrastructure on the Internet for feminists projects" (2016) ... Launched [during the TransHackFeminist convergence] by Calafou inhabitants and people involved in the organisation of the THF! and focus on hosting leaving/dead/transitional data" (2017).
  • Relearn 2014, Variable, Brussels, 7-11 July 2014. Relearn "starts from the idea that tools are increasingly mediated by software and the algorithmic and legal dynamics that constraint and shape its use. Reconnecting to the physical and digital material of those tools is a means of (re)asserting ownership and ensuring active participation in the future of our work practices." Schedule. Pad archive. Git. Images. [26]
    • 🗐 Relearn, "A Feminist Net/work How-to", in Portable Relearn Archive, July 2014. Material from the 2014 edition of Relearn, held at Variable, a collectively run F/LOSS Arts Lab in Brussels.
  • Technologies of Autonomy, conference stream, Autonomy (im)possible!, Art Meets Radical Openness (AMRO) festival, Linz, 29 May 2014. "The time of ridiculing those who were not taken seriously as “paranoid geeks” seems to have passed at the moment, as the surveillance scandals have reached the mainstream. There is a newly awakened discussion of decentralizing infrastructure and alternative possibilities outside the realm of the large monopolists that determine access to information and tools and cooperate with secret services. Do these new insights actually result in a chance for alternatives, and who really needs them? Why is digital self-defense left up to the users?" Unitary Networking, [27]. [28] [29] [30] [31]
  • 🖳 LURK, April 2014–present. "a new host for discussions around digital arts, freedom, and things like that" (2014). Wiki.

2013

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  • Feminist Server Summit 2013.png
    Are You Being Served?, meeting days, Constant and multiple locations in Brussels, 12-15 December 2013. "The fourteenth edition of the meeting days Verbindingen/Jonctions was dedicated to a Feminist review of mesh, cloud, autonomous, and DIY servers. ... How do we keep a sharp eye on the politics and ethics of hosting technologies when all so often (paraphrasing the Free Software Foundation), software is sold as service? ... We questioned what is seemingly commonly understood by terms such as server, service and hosting and were curious to investigate what could make current networking technologies into hospitable habitats for critique, as space for artists and solidarity, teaching and learning." Video, Media 📺.

2012

  • 🗐 Felix Stalder, Clemens Apprich, Vergessene Zukunft. Radikale Netzkulturen in Europa, Bielefeld: transcript, January 2012, 348 pp. "In the mid-1990s, a diverse net culture emerged in Europe. While the US scene imagined cyberspace as a space beyond politics, the European net pioneers were keen to utilise the possibilities of the internet for new political and cultural initiatives in real society." (German)

2008

2007

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  • Nancy Mauro-Flude, Bag Lady 2.0, 2007. "Nancy Mauro-Flude designed a computer embedded in a bag, that is able to record, store and broadcast information in real time. Images can be taken with a camera attached to the bag, a microphone records sounds, even a GPS device can apply geographical data to identify the geographical location of the recorded sites. The functions of the bag can be controlled through a small keyboard attached to the bag. Equipped with that bag sister0 roams through urban spaces to collect images and impressions, that are then transmitted through open WLANs to a server. The bag is not only an item for collecting, but also for broadcasting gathered information in realtime" (2024).

2006

  • 🗐 Tatiana Bazzichelli, Networking. La rete come arte, pref. Derrick de Kerckhove, postf. Simonetta Fadda, Milan: Costa & Nolan, December 2006, 333 pp. "A reconstruction of the history of artistic networking in Italy and of the Italian hacker community from the 1980s to date. ... At the same time, it builds a reflection on the new role of the artist and author who become networker, operating in collective nets, reconnecting to Neoavant-garde practices of the 1960s (first and foremost Fluxus), but also Mail art, Neoism and Luther Blissett." (Italian)
  • 🖳 Ecobytes, Berlin, June 2006–present. "The long term vision of the project is to supply Internet hosting on servers built from the least environmentally harmful parts and powered by renewable energy (2007)."

2005

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  • 🖳 Systerserver, March 2005–present. "The systerserver is a server run by women. We got to a stage where we didn't want to rely on the (very supportive mind you) guys hosting our website and mailing lists. We wanted to Do It Ourselves. So this is our own space to practice being systems administrators, where peers are present to answer questions and show by example. The server looks like a 'pizza box' packed in a type of bookcase along with a whole lot of other similar servers. The server hotel, or hosting centre is in Phoenix, USA. We meet on an IRC channel to talk shop. Then one by one take on a task that needs to be done or learnt. The women are from all over the world: Vancouver, Philadelphia, Rotterdam. This is an initiative of the genderchangers for International Women's Day, 8 march 2005" (2005).

2004

2003

  • 🖳 Bitnik.org server, 2003–present. "BITNIK.ORG endeavours to raise awareness of the implications of new communication and information technologies and to offer a platform for the networking of different theoretical approaches, individual artistic positions, projects and initiatives, as well as to create open spaces to enable cultural, artistic and activist work. BITNIK.ORG mainly uses, develops and promotes free software" (2003).
  • 🖳 systemli.org, 2003–present. "A communication platform for users with increased security requirements. We offer comprehensive communication services for individuals and groups" (2004).
  • 🖳 runme.org, May 2003–present. "runme.org is a software art repository. It is an open, moderated database to which people are welcome to submit projects they consider to be interesting examples of software art." Launched at Read_Me 2.3 festival, Helsinki.
  • Art+Communication: Media Architecture, festival, Riga, 15-18 May 2003. "The 6th International ART+COMMUNICATION festival comprised a series of events conceptually located at the intersection of information networks and post-modern architectonics; while physically located in Latvia in Riga, as well as in Karosta, Liepaja and at the VIRAC Radiotelecope in Irbene." Organised by RIXC.

2002

  • 📺 Garnet Hertz, Constructing "World's Smallest Server", video, 2002, 14 min. "... or at least at the time it was built it was considered to be pretty small. ... This project was video documentation of taking Fredric White's webACE project and rebuilding the system with surface mount components without a circuit board - or "point-to-point" - for a webserver about the size of a match head. Construction was done with cyanoacrylate gel and conductive epoxy. This process had been done previously for Fly with Implanted Webserver in 2001, but never recorded" (artist).
  • 🖳 CódigoSur, 2002–present. "The work of Código Sur was born and is built on the democratising function of communication and its implication in modern society, with the conviction that it allows action in favour of another possible world, more participatory and with space for all" (2009).

2001

2000

  • konsortium.Netz.kultur, Linz, 2000–present. An association of Austrian initiatives at the interface of art, culture and new information and communication technologies: med-user.net (Dornbirn), mur.at (Graz), Public Netbase t0 (Vienna), Public Voice Lab (Vienna), servus.at (Linz), subnet (Salzburg).
  • 🗐 Art_Server: Stargate to Netculture. Positions on structural aspects of net art, content and culture launching Art_Servers / Texte und Positionen zu Netz-Kunst, -Kontext und -Kultur, ed. Margarete Jahrmann, Vienna: Triton, and Linz: O.K. Centrum für Gegenwartskunst, May 2000, 76 pp. With contributions by Konrad Becker, Andy Best, Eric Davis, Thomas Feuerstein, Marina Grzinic, Katharina Gsöllpointner, Margarete Jahrmann, Gabi Kepplinger/Thomas Lehner, Kristin Lucas, Martin Sturm, and James Wallbank. TOC. (English)/(German)

1999

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  • 🖳 Rhizome ArtBase, New York, late 1999–present. Operated by Rhizome. "The Rhizome ArtBase is an online archive of Internet art projects. The goal of the Rhizome ArtBase is to preserve Internet art projects for the future, and to provide a comprehensive resource for people who are interested in experiencing and learning more about Internet art (2001)." Artbase 101 (exhibition, 2005). Net Art Anthology (exhibition, 2016-2019).
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  • 🖳 RiseUp, Seattle, 1999–present. Started after the WTO protests in Seattle as "a project of the Red Cursor Collective, a 100% volunteer effort of activists using technology for radical social change. We provide training, web hosting, listservs, email accounts, and any kind of tech support needed by the activist community." [42]
  • 🗐 THE THING Itself, eds. Wolfgang Staehle and Jordan Crandall, Autonomedia/Semiotext(e), Fall/Winter 1999. Book/CD-ROM publication with essays (original writing) by contributing writers, excerpts from THE THING’s online forums, as well as art work reproductions originally published by THE THING, covering history of THE THING from 1991 to 1999.
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  • 🖳 BEK, Bergen, 1999-2010s. Art server operated by BEK, a centre for electronic arts, hosting websites and mailing lists for BEK projects, individual artists, special projects and art institutions. [43] [44]
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  • 🖳 med-user, Dornbirn/Vienna, June 1999–present. Started as a server for net culture and media art. Website (2001).

1998

  • 🖳 subnet, Salzburg, 1998-?. "subnet aims at providing support for an artistic, critical and experimental approach to new electronic media and communication technologies. ... subnet wants to encourage artists as well as art- and culture-initiatives to use these technologies in an active and creative way and realize their projects on a collaborative basis. we also want to offer the possibility to be present in the web to smaller initiatives and interested people." Websites hosted (2001), [45].
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  • 🖳 mur.at, Graz, 1998–present. "The net art platform mur.at has existed since 1998 and is a strategic alliance of art initiatives and artists from Graz for the development of an electronic network. mur.at enables the networking of a wide variety of art and cultural initiatives in a (shared) virtual space. Comparable to the university networks that enable joint work in the field of science, mur.at is building an infrastructure for the art sector" (2006). Websites hosted (2000), (2006).
Kein.org 2004.png
  • 🖳 kein.org, 1998-2014. "KEIN.ORG started in summer 1997 at documenta X in the context of Hybrid Workspace with the launch of the "no one is illegal" campaign website which was back then hosted by the contrast.org server. Soon we decided to set up our own server and build our own networking infrastructure which we then also offered to various local activist groups as well as migrant self-organizations" (2008).
  • Xchange Unlimited, E-lab, festival, Riga, 25-29 November 1998. Incl. follow-up discussions about the Art Servers Unlimited conference and about the development of real audio servers network.
  • Server Rescue Federation c1998.png

  • ASU 1998 participants.jpg
  • net.radio days '98: trimm dich, Berlin, 6-10 June 1998. "An international meeting of experimental internet radio projects organised by mikro in cooperation with Convex tv. Even though some of these net.radio projects have collaborated over the Internet for quite some time, for many of them it was the first meeting in "real space". The meeting was also 'narrowcasted' on the internet. Program included performances, presentations, lectures, workshops." Participants: Pararadio (Budapest), Radio Ozone (Riga), radioqualia (Sydney), Goethe House (Tokyo), KunstRadio (Vienna), Radio Helsinki (Graz), K3000 (Zurich), B92 (Belgrade), Radio Student (Ljubljana), Backspace Radio (London), Radio DFM (Amsterdam), Nirvanet (Paris), Interface (London), Freies Radio (Kassel), mikro e.V.i.Gr. (Berlin), Convex TV (Berlin), XLR (Berlin), Radio Internationale Stadt Berlin, a.o.
  • 🖳 Channel, c.1998-c.2002. "Home for collaborative and experimental networked arts projects, debate and resources, managed by Artec" (1999).
  • 🖳 lo-res.org, April 1998–present. "This server serves servantly nice web pages / email / mailing lists / DNS without overly charging your credit card. Tit-for-Tat principle. Support / donations help lo-res.org to pay for electricity. Dont complain if something does not work as expected. This is not a company and should not be one. (2006)." Websites hosted (2002).
Mikro.png
  • 🖳 mikro, Berlin, c. March 1998-c. 2001. "An initiative for the advancement of media cultures, a catalyst and an open and independent platform for projects, discussions and events."
  • 🖳 Kulturserver, February 1998–present. "A non-commercial online-community for regional culture developed as a cooperation of the Ministry of Science and Culture in Lower Saxony, the Institute for Cultural Politics at the University of Hildesheim, and the Ponton European Media Art Lab" [46]. Website (2002). About: Wikipedia-DE. [47]

1997

  • 🖳 Muu, Helsinki, c.1997-?. Art server operated by the MUU art association. [48]
  • 🖳 virose, Porto, 1997–present. "A server dedicated to hosting projects linked to the intersection between artistic theory and practice, in a permanent discussion of the imbrications of technology in the field of contemporary art, always from a transdisciplinary perspective (2001)."
  • Xchange, festival, E-lab, Riga, 12-15 November 1997. "Xchange is 4 days event concentrated on net.audio&radio work includes: net.radio conference, radio workshop, presentations, discussions about radio development, live music jam sessions and concerts, on-line press conference. There will be every day live Internet broadcasting from all Xchange events, net.casting of remote participants and available chat room."
    • 🖳 Xchange, Riga, 1997-2007. "A pioneering streaming audio and sound art project on the Internet. It was launched in 1997 by Riga based artists group E-LAB (Rasa Smite, Raitis Smits, Jaanis Garancs) in collaboration with various other emerging net.radio initiatives from all over the world. The intent was to create a network for alternative net audio content providers and a collaborative platform for creative explorations with real-time sound and live streaming possibilities on the Internet (2009)."
  • 🖳 sero.org, net art server, September 1997-?.
We Want Bandwidth 1997.png
  • Waag, a.o., We Want Bandwith!, campaign, July 1997. Launched as public research by De Waag - the Society for Old and New Media from Amsterdam at Hybrid Workspace documenta X, Kassel, 8-17 July 1997.
Hybrid Workspace Archive.png

1996

  • 🖳 tao.ca, Toronto, 1996-2016?. "Tao Communications is a regional federation comprised of local autonomous collectives and individuals. We organize networks in order to defend and expand public space and the right to self-determination. ... The tao.ca server exists to provide communication, research and organizing facilities to members of the TAO federation (1999)." Server (1998). Websites hosted (1999). OAT launch (2003).
Turbulence.gif
  • 🖳 Turbulence, New York, 1996-2016–present. "Turbulence facilitates artistic work that explores the specific characteristics of the World Wide Web medium and makes use of multimedia and online technologies such as RealAudio, Java and VRML (1998)."
  • 🖳 Art Node, Stockholm, 1996-?. Media server for art and aesthetics operated by Art Node, a centre for art, aesthetics and new media. File index. [49]
  • Irational.org 1998.png
Servus.at hand 1998.png
  • 🖳 servus.at, Linz, November 1996–present. "servus.at is not a provider in the traditional sense and does not want to enter into commercial competition with commercial Internet providers. Rather, servus.at is a user community that, following a basic cooperative idea, wants to achieve cheaper tariffs for artists and cultural workers at the toll stations that occur. The association membership and the membership fee to be paid in this context ensure the maintenance and financing of the project."
  • 🖳
    Isole nella Rete.gif
    Isole nella Rete (ecn.org), Milan, August 1996–present. "This is an autonomous zone! A place of visibility, relationship and possible recomposition for those subjects that the profound changes in our society in recent years have fragmented and dispersed, subjects not aligned to the single thought or resigned to marginality, subjects still eager to build a real movement that knows how to change the present state of affairs" (1997). [50]
    • 🗐 "Seized!", June 1998. "Saturday, June 27th at 10:30 am the server of Islands in the Net (Isole nella Rete, an Italian non-profit association that offers communication spaces to social centres, free radios and collectives of the movement) has been seized by the Postal Police in Bologna for allegedly defamatory material posted on its system." [51] (multiple languages)
  • C3 Communication System 1996.png
  • 🖳 c3.hu, Budapest, June 1996–present. Started as a project of the Soros Foundation Hungary to provide dial-up email and internet access for public service organisations. Server (1998). Websites hosted (1998).
  • Bak.spc.org 1999.png
  • 🖳 bak.spc.org, London, Spring 1996-December 1999. Media center, art server and Internet radio. "Backspace is an an open environment for exploration and expression on the Internet and the focal point for related events, audio, visual and otherwise, with particular bias toward the diverse talents its subscribers ... Membership to backspace comes in twelve flavours @ 25 pounds per month! Subscribers gain: full internet access dial-up account, quality access to the web, an email account and an open invitation to drop in any time for as long as you like, meet up with friends or just chill out by the riverside (1999)."
Next 5 Minutes 2 Tactical Media 1996.jpg
  • Next 5 Minutes 2: Tactical Media, conference, De Balie & Paradiso, Amsterdam, and V2_, Rotterdam, 18-21 January 1996. "Under the heading of tactical media, the Next 5 Minutes patrols the troublesome borders between art, technology, media and politics. The event brings together media tacticians from around the world whose initiatives in television, radio and computer networking are creating new spaces between the underground and mainstream media."

1995

This.is.gif
  • 🖳 artnode.dk, Copenhagen, 1995-?. Art server operated by Artnode, a platform for artistic activity on the internet. "In the 1990s, Artnode's central activity was the website www.artnode.dk. Here, Artnode presented its own projects and contributions from more than 100 Danish and international artists. The works ranged from photos and texts to audio works, videos and small interactive programmes. All works were - and still are - available as digital files on the website's server. As a contribution to the Autumn Exhibition at Kunsthal Charlottenborg in 1998, the group materialised 107 of these digital works as pencil drawings in the work 100 Drawings. (2017)." [52]
Konsum.net.gif
  • 🖳 Konsum Art Server, Vienna, 1995-2006. "An arts server founded by Max Moswitzer and Margarete Jahrmann in 1995. Setting up a linux server connected to a local network of servers in Vienna, VBS made it possible to use the server itself as arts material. The Konsum Arts_Server was then used for script based art and live net-DJ-lectures" (1999). Websites (1999). [53] [54]
  • 🖳 Xcult, Basel, Summer 1995–present. Started as THEswissTHING. "Xcult is a private undertaking, and co-producer of art events on the Net. Xcult is independent of all terrestrial (cultural) institutions. Xcult is an e-zine, shopping mall and research laboratory. In our virtual studios, artists bring their web-projects to realisation directly on the server" (2002).
  • Adaweb.com 1997.png
  • 🖳 äda 'web, New York, May 1995-February 1998. "Here, artists are invited to experiment with and reflect upon the web as a medium, and as a means of distribution for their work." Credits.
  • T0.or.at 1997.png
  • 🖳 Public Netbase t0. Institute for New Culture Technologies, Vienna, March 1995-2006. "Public Netbase t0 is a non-profit internet service provider. As well as being an internationally acclaimed content developer, the organization also runs an comprehensive events and information program in the Viennese Museumsquartier. ... Public Netbase provides its 1200 users with the technical assistance and knowledge needed for active and creative participation in internet communication and the World Wide Web. ... Public Netbase is committed to the exploration of the relations between culture and technology, art and society, science and politics. Its World Wide Web Server was awarded the Prix Ars Electronica 95. ... Public Netbase was founded March 1995 by Konrad Becker and Francisco de Sousa Webber as part of the Institute for New Culture Technologies t0" (2000). Hosted websites and users (2001). [56]
Desk.org 2001.png
  • 🖳 desk.org, Amsterdam, 1995–present. "Flying Desk (or just simply Desk) was a workspace for artists, activists, critics, hackers and authors. The core group of this initiative met within De Digitale Stad (the digital city), Europe’s first virtual community. Until summer 1996, the workspace has hosted about one hundred people; the virtual workspace gave opportunities to several more. ... The nettime and rhizome mailinglists started off here, Desk provided an alternate rootserver for the namespace domainssystem. Several artists created their first net.artworks on one of the machines of Desk" (1999). [57]
  • 🖳 People-Link (later May First/People Link), New York City, early 1995–present. "May First Technology Collective is a nonprofit, worker-run collective, building a model for a healthy and just workplace. May First uses technology to strengthen the impact of social justice organizations. We are organizers and activists first, grounding our technology work and internal development within the vision of the larger social justice community." (2004). About: Antonio D'Ambrosio (2003), Alfredo Lopez (2013).
Internationale Stadt Berlin 1997.png

1994

  • 🖳 Atelier Nord, Oslo, late 1994-May 1996 & April 1997-2009. First operated as an online gallery hosted by Oslonett (1994-1996), art server Alge was run by Atelier Nord, a centre for electronic arts, providing hosting for artists in Norway. [61]
Ljudmila.org 1997.png
  • 🖳 Ljudmila, Ljubljana, 1994–present. "Ljudmila is an open-access media laboratory, an initiative of the Open Society Institute - Slovenia. Ljudmila supports education, research, and work in the following fields: Internet, digital video, electronic arts, digital and analogue radio, communications, hardware production and interdisciplinary integration. ... Ljudmila provides the base for the work of the following groups: non-governmental non-profit organizations that work in the field of new media; artists, collectives and art groups; individuals that work with the above mentioned groups; robots ... The www.ljudmila.org server hosts more than 120 websites focused on civil initatives, artistic projects and media activism. LJUDMILA operates an independent and non/profit internet dial up service and is presently developing a wireless independent IP service" (2001). Website (1998). Timeline.
Cybercafe 1994.gif
  • In February 1994, "Heath Bunting set up a bulletin board system (BBS) under the name cybercafe. Run from a recycled system in his kitchen with the help of collaborators including Rachel Baker, Marc Garrett, and Ivan Pope, the BBS could be reached by dialing the London number 071 240 3332. Anarchists, hackers, and artists posted messages that included poetry, event promotion, and information about creating computer viruses." About: Net Art Anthology, Jim McClellan (Observer Life, 1994). [62]
De Digitale Stad 3.0 1995.jpg
  • 🖳 De Digitale Stad, Amsterdam, January 1994-2001. "A subscription-free ISP and Web community that linked city residents and public institutions. ... For a lot of people, it was the first access to the Internet – for organisations, newspapers, city councils, as well as individuals. ... The <content> on the DDS server borrows from the evolved structure of the city of Amsterdam: there are <pleins> (squares) and <digital homes>, chat functions are called <cafés>, there is a special <cemetery> for people who have left the Stad and the police have even opened their own DDS station." Digitale Stad Eindhoven was launched in December 1994.

1993

  • Xs4all c1993.gif
  • 🖳 XS4ALL (Access for all), Amsterdam, May 1993–. Dutch internet provider that started as the Hacktic Network, the brainchild of a loosely organised Dutch hacker group that also published a magazine of the same name (1989-1994). "On 1 May 1993, XS4ALL, the central machine of the HackTic Network, opened to the public. That day, something happened that no one had foreseen. At 7pm, the 500th customer had signed up. HackTic had actually expected to have 500 members only after six months. In part, this attention was explained by the publication of Fransisco van Jole's article ‘A continent that doesn't belong to anyone yet’ in the Volkskrant that day" (1998). Websites hosted (1996), (1998).

1991

  • The Thing flyer ca 1994.jpg
Thing.net 1998.png
  • 🖳 THE THING, November 1991–present. "THE THING is an evolving global network for discourse on art, aesthetics, political culture and technology. It constitutes a new genre which furthers exchange across diverse realms of cultural production, both theoretical and practical. ... One can log onto the network from any city node and participate in a number of ongoing dialogues, download or upload image or text files, or engage in scheduled or spontaneous live conferences" (1994). Timeline.
    • THE THING nodes: New York (opened 1991), Cologne (March 1992), Düsseldorf (November 1992), Berlin (July 1993), Vienna (December 1993), Frankfurt (December 1993), Hamburg (1993-1994), Stockholm (October 1994), Basel (September 1995), Amsterdam (March 1996), Hamburg (2006-2009), Roma, London.
    • Wochenschau, June 1992. THE THING’s first online symposium, organised by the New York and Cologne nodes, focused on new modes of art production and exhibition. Exhibition, [66].
    • 🗐 The Thing. Yellow Reader, November 1992. Print publication with excerpts from online discussions.
    • Transactivism, BBS online symposium, November 1993. The panel organised by Jordan Crandall and THE THING discussed the production and circulation of art and sociality in transactional space.

servers

  • Autistici.org.png
  • Autoluminescence institute.png
  • Coopcloud logo grey.png
  • Chatons logo.png
  • Disroot-root.png
  • Domaine public.png
  • Framasoft.png
  • FuturEtic.logo.png
  • Guifi.net logo.gif
  • Irational02.jpg
  • Ljudmila.gif
  • LURK.org.png
  • Minadoraserver.png
  • Mur.at.logo.gray.png
  • PIC gardennetworks thumb.jpg
  • NoLog.cz.png
  • Riseup.net.rainbow.png
  • Servus.at.logo.png
  • Spc.org.2023.png
  • Systemli.org.png
  • Systerserver.png
  • Thing.net.png
  • Top-ev logo.png


  • Aktivix "exists because we feel it is vital for communities of resistance to be able to provide for their own communication needs."
  • Anarchaserver, "a feminist server which contributes to the maintenance of autonomous infrastructure on the Internet for feminists projects. It is an open project, even though moderated where we privilege trust, consensus, autonomy and feminist collaboration for deciding our next adventures in inhabiting this feminist infrastructure, in synchronicity with other feminist servers initiatives. AnarchaServer has some kind of presence in different locations around the world such as calafou, belgium, france, germany, greece, iceland, the netherlands, mexico, sweden, uruguay ..." Website. Wiki. List.
  • Autistici/Inventati (A/I) "was born in 2001 from an encounter of individuals and collectives of the autonomous anticapitalist movement interested in technology and active in the digital rights struggle. We believe that this world is far from being the best world possible. We react by providing a platform and tools for digital self-defense addressing the need of secure, free communication and privacy for activists and other individuals." Based in Milan. Website. IRC server. Mailing lists. Services. Blog. Mastodon account.
  • autoluminescence.institute. "Integrating Holisitic Computing Arts, Citizen Science Fiction, and Somatic Exploration in the womb of the world." Based in lutrwita/Tasmania 42°58'35.2"S 147°19'39.6"E. First iteration homebrewed in 2008 by sister0.
  • Autonomic "is a co-operative that is owned and run by its workers." It runs Co-op Cloud, "a software stack that aims to make hosting libre software applications simple for small service providers such as tech co-operatives who are looking to standardise around an open, transparent and scalable infrastructure. It uses the latest container technologies and configurations are shared into the commons for the benefit of all" (est. 2021). Based in Birmingham. Member of the CoTech Network. Mastodon account. Git. Matrix.Services.
  • Chatons, "free-software online services to decentralize and discover a web on a human scale, united and respectful of your privacy." Initiated in 2016 by Framasoft. Jitsi. Etherpad. EtherCalc. Services.
  • Cl4ndestina, "a feminist activist server that offers hosting for websites of feminist collectives, organisations and social movements based in Latin America." Est. 2016 in Brazil. Git. Sysadmin.
  • CLUB1 "is two things: A server, located near Paris and a community around it, mostly based in France. The server allow their members to have a personnal space on it, where they can host websites, databases, emails, calendar, contacts or any type of file." Matrix instance. Services.
  • CódigoSur focuses "on promoting the use and development of free technologies and the creation of spaces for debate and learning about Free Culture with a gender perspective in Latin America and the Caribbean." Founded 2002. Services.
  • Data.coop "is an association and a cooperative. The vision is that we - the members of the cooperative - own our own data. This implies and has as a consequence that we will have to own our own infrastructure and have insight and control over the software we use to communicate on the web." Est. 2014/2016 in Denmark. Mastodon instance. Services. Mastodon account. Matrix. Git.
  • Desk Org is "dedicated to free arts, speech and software and reports on recent developments of net based arts and it's on-line community. Desk.org is managed by its artists, authors and their audience. This site is part of a network of independent art servers world-wide and gives support to art projects, artists on-line and access to global resources." Est. 1995 in the Netherlands.
  • diebin.at "is a feminist IT collective that takes care of servers. These servers run various IT services (e.g. mailing lists, websites, email accounts) that can be used by emancipatory projects, initiatives and activists." Est. 2014 in Vienna.
  • Disroot "aims to change the way people are used to interact on the web. We want to encourage and show them not only that there are open and ethical alternatives but also that it is the only possible way to break free from the walled gardens proposed and promoted by proprietary software and corporations, either through our platform, others that have similar values and goals or even their own projects.". Founded 2015 in Amsterdam. Jitsi. Mumble. Cryptpad. Etherpad. Git. Services. Mastodon account.
  • Ecobytes "is a community-supported IT collective. Our aim is, by increasing the number of members and supporters, as well as by joining efforts with other independent IT collectives, to support the expansion of secure infrastructure and services to our communities." Based in Germany. Services. Awesome librehosters.
  • guifi.net "is a bottom-up, citizenship-driven technological, social and economic project with the objective of creating a free, open and neutral telecommunications network based on a commons model." Based in Catalonia and Valencian Community. About. WP.
  • klingt.org, server for music and art of all kinds outside the marketable mainstream. Est 2000 in Vienna.
  • librehosters "is a network of cooperation and solidarity that uses free software to encourage decentralisation through federation and distributed platforms. Our values connect transparency, fairness and privacy with a culture of data portability and public contributions to the commons." Forum.
  • May First Movement Technology, New York City, est. 1995. "Non-profit membership organization that engages in building movements by advancing the strategic use and collective control of technology for local struggles, global transformation, and emancipation without borders." Wikipedia.
  • Minadoraserver (მინადორა სერვერი) "is a feminist server. We aspire to fire up emancipatory artistic tools and platforms in Georgia, and establish critical connections along the way." Based in Tbilisi. Mastodon instance. List. Zine. Glossary.
  • Network23, "free anonymous WordPress blogs for activists and agitators. A blogging platform committed to freedom of expression, decentralisation of online content, and an open web."
  • Node9.org, "Interdependent open culture gallery. Providing free, sustainable and ethical space for collectives and individuals since 2003. No datacentre media storage and streaming server, social hub and co-op office. From 2020 two field servers located in rural and research ecosystem areas are part of the node9 infrastructure." Hometown: Prague. Websites hosted. Hubzilla channel. Peertube.
  • NoLog, "a collective supporting free-thinking individuals and organizations in their efforts to change the world for the better. We offer everyone free alternatives to services for which users otherwise pay dearly with their personal data. We can provide individual support and tools to organizations with whom we share common values." Based in Prague. Nitter. Mastodon instances: witter.cz, lgbtcz.social. Cryptpad. Etherpad. Peertube. Mastodon account.
  • Systemli, "a left-wing network and technics-collective that was founded in 2003. Our aim is to provide safe and trustworthy communication services. The project is primarily aimed at left-wing political activists and people who have a particular need to protect their data." Website. Mastodon instance. Etherpad. Jitsi. Services. Friends.
  • Tachanka is "the idea of providing technical services to emancipatory projects and groups of political change." Services.
  • >top. "We are glad to share our technical knowledge, experience in network architectures and server infrastructure with artists, bloggers, researchers and other creative souls." Based in Berlin. Hosted projects.
  • Vedetas "is our feminist server. She exists to help feminist groups in their online activities and to increase women's safety and empowerment on the internet." Est. 2016 by the feminist hackerspace Marialab in São Paulo. Etherpad. EtherCalc. Services.

wiki pages

links

adaweb.com
aktivix.org
anarchaserver.org
anart.no
artbase.rhizome.org
artnode.dk
artnode.se
autistici.org
autonomic.zone
autoluminescence.institute
bak.spc.org
bek.no
bitnik.org
c3.hu
chatons.org
clandestina.io
club1.fr
codigosur.org
conexion.org
coopcloud.tech
data.coop
dds.nl
desk.org
diebin.at
disroot.org
domainepublic.net
ecn.org
ecobytes.net
framasoft.fr
futuretic.fr
guifi.net
irational.org
is-bremen.de
is.in-berlin.de
is.koeln-de
kein.org
klingt.org
konsum.net
libreho.st
lo-res.org
ljudmila.org
lurk.org
network23.org
mayfirst.coop
med-user.net
minadoraserver.art
multiplace.org
mur.at
muu.fi
node9.org
nolog.cz
ps.lesoiseaux.io
riseup.net
runme.org
sero.org
servus.at
silverserver.co.at
smufsa.nu
snopyta.org
subnet.at
systemli.org
systerserver.net
t0.or.at
tachanka.org
thething.it
thing.at
thing.ch
thing.de
thing.net
thing-frankfurt.de
thing-hamburg.de
thing-net.de
this.is
turbulence.org
vedetas.org
virose.pt
top-ev.de
xchange.re-lab.net
xcult.org

About

Bibliography? Chronology? Timeline? Catalogue? Wall? Dataset? History? Memory? Ethnography? Campaign?



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