Christopher Alex McLean: Artist-Programmers and Programming Languages for the Arts (2011)

“We consider the artist-programmer, who creates work through its description as source code. The artist-programmer grandstands computer language, giving unique vantage over human-computer interaction in a creative context. We focus on the human in this relationship, noting that humans use an amalgam of language and gesture to express themselves. Accordingly we expose the deep relationship between computer languages and continuous expression, examining how these realms may support one another, and how the artist-programmer may fully engage with both.

Our argument takes us up through layers of representation, starting with symbols, then words, language and notation, to consider the role that these representations may play in human creativity. We form a cross-disciplinary perspective from psychology, computer science, linguistics, human-computer interaction, computational creativity, music technology and the arts.

We develop and demonstrate the potential of this view to inform arts practice, through the practical introduction of software prototypes, artworks, programming languages and improvised performances. In particular, we introduce works which demonstrate the role of perception in symbolic semantics, embed the representation of time in programming language, include visuospatial arrangement in syntax, and embed the activity of programming in the improvisation and experience of art.”

Doctoral thesis
Goldsmiths, University of London, October 2011
Supervisor Geraint Wiggins
Co-supervisor Mark d’Inverno
172 pages

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Nils Röller: Medientheorie im epistemischen Übergang: Hermann Weyls Philosophie der Mathematik und Naturwissenschaft und Ernst Cassirers Philosophie der symbolischen Formen im Wechselverhältnis (2000) [German]

Ein “Medium des freien Werdens” – so nennt der Mathematiker Hermann Weyl (1885–1955) im Jahre 1921 das Kontinuum. Diese Bezeichnung ist bildet den Anlaß, die medientheoretische Bedeutung der philosophischen Schriften Hermann Weyls zu untersuchen. Die vorliegende Publikation erarbeitet dabei die Differenzen zwischen den Diskursen Weyls und des Philosophen Ernst Cassirer. Laut Weyl ist das konstruktive Kontinuum, in dem seiner Meinung nach die Physik präparierte Ereignisse ansiedelt, scharf von der anschaulichen Wirklichkeit zu trennen. Er sieht dieses als Produkt des menschlichen Bewußtseins. In seiner “Philosophie der symbolischen Formen” macht Ernst Cassirer deutlich, dass aus seiner Sicht und entgegen Weyls Theorie das konstruktive Kontinuum zusammen mit dem mathematischen Symbolismus eine Brücke zwischen Bewußtsein und Wirklichkeit bildet. Das Wechselverhältnis zwischen dem Mathematiker Weyl und dem Philosophen Cassirer zeigt beispielhafte Formen der Vermittlung zwischen Philosophie und moderner Naturwissenschaft. Weyls Schriften werden vor dem Hintergrund der Rezeptionsgeschichte in der “experimentellen Epistemologieö und der “nomadischen Mathematik” als paradigmatisch für die Medientheorie gedeutet.

Doctoral Thesis
Fakultät Medien, Bauhaus-Universität Weimar
Advisor: Joseph Vogl
220 pages

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John F Cline: Permanent Underground: Radical Sounds and Social Formations in 20th Century American Musicking (2012)

Musical labor entered a new phase of alienation following the advent of recording technology in the late 19th century. Whereas prior to recording musicians had a relatively direct relationship with their audience—the sum of the two groups constituting “musicking”—sound reproduction created a spatial and temporal dislocation between them. Most narratives of American popular music trace out a particular genre formation, and relate it to the culture from whence it emerged. By contrast, this dissertation begins from the point where musicking began to disengage from commodification, both at the level of social formation and of the creation of sound itself. Drawing on anthropologist Pierre Clastres’ notion of “Anti-State” modes of organization and cultural critic Ivan Illich’s concept of “conviviality,” or a human-centered rather than mass productionoriented use of tools—in this case musical instruments both handmade and modified—each chapter of this project tackles a different dimension of the quest for autonomous musicking, or a “permanent underground.” Chapter 1 examines the organizational principles that have run in parallel to the bureaucratic, capitalist manifestation of a “music industry” in the 20th century. Beginning with a critique of either/or fallacy of the opposition posited between “modernism” and “nostalgia,” the reminder of the chapter demonstrates the reconciliation between these two aesthetic and political positions; topics include the seizure of public space by itinerant blues musicians in the rural-industrial prewar South, the self-released recordings of gospel artists after WWII, the formation of experimental jazz collectives in the 1960s, and the relationship between psychedelic music and cults/communes in the 1960s. Chapter 2 critiques the function of genre in musicking as means to a reproducible sonic commodity, and argues for “noise” as an aesthetic intervention that disrupts the saleable nature of music—a political act in itself. Chapter 3 suggests several strategies for achieving “noise.” These include the repurposing of industrial machines as musical instruments, the incorporation of foreign musical traditions, and the use of collage as a formal principle. The final chapter profiles six collectives that have emerged since the late 1960s that adhere to the aesthetic and political values established throughout this dissertation.

Dissertation
Faculty of the Graduate School, The University of Texas at Austin, May 2012
Supervisor: Mark C. Smith
520 pages

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