Erkki Huhtamo, Jussi Parikka (eds.): Media Archaeology: Approaches, Applications, and Implications (2011)

“This book introduces an archaeological approach to the study of media – one that sifts through the evidence to learn how media were written about, used, designed, preserved, and sometimes discarded. Edited by Erkki Huhtamo and Jussi Parikka, with contributions from internationally prominent scholars from Europe, North America, and Japan, the essays help us understand how the media that predate today’s interactive, digital forms were in their time contested, adopted and embedded in the everyday. Providing a broad overview of the many historical and theoretical facets of Media Archaeology as an emerging field, the book encourages discussion by presenting a full range of different voices. By revisiting ‘old’ or even ‘dead’ media, it provides a richer horizon for understanding ‘new’ media in their complex and often contradictory roles in contemporary society and culture.”

Publisher University of California Press, Berkeley, CA, 2011
ISBN 0520262743, 9780520262744
x+356 pages

Reviews: Simone Natale (Canadian Journal of Communication, 2012), Sarah Lugthart (TMG, 2012), John Potts (Screen, 2013), Michael Goddard (Journal of Visual Culture, 2013), Swagato Chakravorty (Senses of Cinema, 2013), Astrid Mager (Information, Communication & Society, 2013).

Publisher

PDF (updated on 2021-4-9)

Eden Medina: Cybernetic Revolutionaries: Technology and Politics in Allende’s Chile (2011)

In Cybernetic Revolutionaries, Eden Medina tells the history of two intersecting utopian visions, one political and one technological. The first was Chile’s experiment with peaceful socialist change under Salvador Allende; the second was the simultaneous attempt to build a computer system that would manage Chile’s economy. Neither vision was fully realized–Allende’s government ended with a violent military coup; the system, known as Project Cybersyn, was never completely implemented–but they hold lessons for today about the relationship between technology and politics.

Drawing on extensive archival material and interviews, Medina examines the cybernetic system envisioned by the Chilean government–which was to feature holistic system design, decentralized management, human-computer interaction, a national telex network, near real-time control of the growing industrial sector, and modeling the behavior of dynamic systems. She also describes, and documents with photographs, the network’s Star Trek-like operations room, which featured swivel chairs with armrest control panels, a wall of screens displaying data, and flashing red lights to indicate economic emergencies.

Studying project Cybersyn today helps us understand not only the technological ambitions of a government in the midst of political change but also the limitations of the Chilean revolution. This history further shows how human attempts to combine the political and the technological with the goal of creating a more just society can open new technological, intellectual, and political possibilities. Technologies, Medina writes, are historical texts; when we read them we are reading history.

Publisher MIT Press, 2011
ISBN 0262016494, 9780262016490
326 pages

Cybersyn at wikipedia
publisher
google books

Download (removed on 2013-1-29 upon request of the publisher)
related: Miller Medina, Jessica Eden: “Designing Freedom, Regulating a Nation: Socialist Cybernetics in Allende’s Chile” (2006)

Muriel Combes: Gilbert Simondon and the Philosophy of the Transindividual (1999/2012) [French, English]

Gilbert Simondon (1924–1989), one of the most influential contemporary French philosophers, published only three works: L’individu et sa genèse physico-biologique (The individual and its physico-biological genesis, 1964) and L’individuation psychique et collective (Psychic and collective individuation, 1989), both drawn from his doctoral thesis, and Du mode d’existence des objets techniques (On the mode of existence of technical objects, 1958). It is this last work that brought Simondon into the public eye; as a consequence, he has been considered a “thinker of technics” and cited often in pedagogical reports on teaching technology. Yet Simondon was a philosopher whose ambitions lay in an in-depth renewal of ontology as a process of individuation–that is, how individuals come into being, persist, and transform. In this accessible yet rigorous introduction to Simondon’s work, Muriel Combes helps to bridge the gap between Simondon’s account of technics and his philosophy of individuation.

Some thinkers have found inspiration in Simondon’s philosophy of individuation, notably Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari. Combes’s account, first published in French in 1999, is one of the only studies of Simondon to appear in English. Combes breaks new ground, exploring an ethics and politics adequate to Simondon’s hypothesis of preindividual being, considering through the lens of transindividual philosophy what form a nonservile relation to technology might take today. Her book is essential reading for anyone who wants to understand Simondon’s work.

Publisher Presses Universitaires de France, Paris, 1999
ISBN 2130498159, 9782130498155
via cip-idf.org

English edition
Translated, with Preface and Afterword, by Thomas LaMarre
Publisher MIT Press, 2012
Technologies of Lived Abstraction series
ISBN 0262018187, 9780262018180
119 pages

Review (David Scott, NDPR, 2012)

Publisher (EN)
Google books (EN)

Simondon, Individu et collectivité: Pour une philosophie du transindividuel (French, 1999)
Gilbert Simondon and the Philosophy of the Transindividual (English, trans. Thomas LaMarre, 2012)